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Animal Science I Exam Review

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  • 26. What percent of households own reptiles?
    0%
    4%
    20%
    50%
  • A main motion requires what kind of vote for adoption?
    Unanimous vote
    Two-thirds vote
    Simple vote
    Majority vote
  • A producer is trying to increase the body mass (muscle and tissue) of young beef cattle before sale. Which specific type of ration should the cattle primarily be receiving to meet this goal?
    Fattening ration
    Maintenance ration
    Reproduction ration
    Growth ration
  • 19. Swine reproductive efficiency includes:
    Growth plate angle
    Breast muscle width
    Feather condition
    Number of pigs born
  • 28. Maine **** cats are known for:
    Hairlessness
    Large size
    Being the smallest breed
    Short tails
  • 27. BW in EPDs stands for:
    Birth weight
    Body width
    Balanced weight
    Back weight
  • What is the term for the period of time that milk is secreted by the mammary glands?
    Gestation
    Ovulation
    Farrowing
    Lactation
  • 10. A feed added for a specific nutrient or purpose is a:
    Supplement
    Roughage
    Additive
    Concentrate
  • Which motion is used to close the meeting?
    Amendment
    Main motion
    Previous Question
    Adjourn
  • 25. The ration containing the highest levels of protein, minerals, and vitamins is the:
    Maintenance ration
    Growth ration
    Fattening ration
    Reproduction ration
  • What enzyme is contained in monogastric saliva to help change some starch to maltose?
    Trypsin
    Salivary amylase
    Gastric lipase
    Pepsin
  • What action is used in the cecum of hind-gut fermenters to break down roughages?
    Secretion of hydrochloric acid
    Microbial action
    Reverse peristalsis
    Physical chewing
  • 33. The Netherland Dwarf rabbit is known for:
    Very small size
    Wool production
    Spotted chain pattern
    Large body size
  • What is the term for when more than half of those voting vote on the same side?
    Majority vote
    Roll call vote
    Two-thirds vote
    Plurality vote
  • 22. A ration that meets only the basic needs of the animal is a:
    Maintenance ration
    Production ration
    Work ration
    Growth ration
  • What single-celled organisms are found in the rumen and reticulum and aid in digestion?
    Amino acids
    Microbes
    Enzymes
    Villi
  • 28. Diets for cattle, sheep, and goats consist mostly of:
    Concentrates
    Supplements
    Roughages
    Oils
  • 31. Immature animals failing criteria typically become:
    Show animals
    Breeding stock
    Market animals
    Pets
  • What year did the FFA and NFA merge?
    1928
    1965
    1971
    1969
  • 13. The U.S. is the world leader in production of which poultry product?
    Goose meat
    Broiler meat
    Duck meat
    Turkey eggs
  • 26. EPDs compare animals based on:
    Hair type
    Color
    Market weight
    Genetic potential
  • What is increasing within food animal tracking systems?
    Use of manual inventory logs
    Random identification numbers
    Animal identification and traceability
    Elimination of ID tags
  • What type of species are wolves categorized as in the pet trend list?
    Companion animals
    Aquaculture species
    Livestock
    Exotic animals
  • 9. Feed with less than 18% crude fiber is a:
    Mineral
    Roughage
    Vitamin
    Concentrate
  • 16. Egg-producing states include:
    Texas, California, Florida
    Utah, Nevada, Arizona
    Maryland, Alabama, Colorado
    Iowa, Georgia, Ohio
  • 17. Companion animal selection is NOT based on:
    Health
    Processed product traits
    Conformation
    Behavior
  • Which basic part of a speech summarizes the main points of your speech?
    Conclusion
    Introduction
    Body
    Outline
  • Which specialist studies the way animals behave and tries to determine what causes certain types of behavior?
    Zoologist
    Animal behaviorist
    Nutritionist
    Animal trainer
  • Which university employee develops and delivers educational programs to assist people in agriculture and healthy living?
    Agricultural education teacher
    Financial analyst
    Cooperative extension agent
    Business manager
  • What licensed medical professional treats, cures, and prevents illness and injury in animals?
    Veterinary technician
    Kennel attendant
    Veterinarian
    Wildlife rehabilitator
  • How many amendments can be considered at a time?
    Two
    Four
    Only one
    Three
  • A speech that is written and learned prior to presenting is classified as what type of speech?
    Prepared
    Informative
    Persuasive
    Extemporaneous
  • A veterinary student is dissecting the digestive tract of a horse. Based on the material, what accessory organ, which stores bile in many other species, should the student expect to find missing?
    Liver
    Pancreas
    Gallbladder
    Spleen
  • Which chamber of the ruminant stomach is the primary site for microbial fermentation?
    Omasum
    Reticulum
    Abomasum
    Rumen
  • What are the inorganic materials (containing no carbon) needed in small amounts for growth of bones, teeth, and body tissue?
    Proteins
    Vitamins
    Carbohydrates
    Minerals
  • 17. Turkeys make up what percent of poultry sales?
    75%
    50%
    2%
    12%
  • What is the first event of the parturition process mentioned to be caused by increased estrogen?
    Uterus muscles contract
    Second water bag breaks
    First water bag appears
    Afterbirth is expelled
  • 33. Marbling refers to:
    Fat in lean muscle
    External fat
    Fat under skin
    Bone density
  • What are the building blocks of protein that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen?
    Carbohydrates
    Amino acids
    Bile
    Fatty acids
  • 8. Feed with more than 18% crude fiber is classified as:
    Concentrate
    Supplement
    Roughage
    Protein feed
  • What avian organ is used to peck and take in feed whole because birds do not have teeth?
    Crop
    Proventriculus
    Beak
    Gizzard
  • 3. The total amount and kind of feed given to an animal in 24 hours is the:
    Diet
    Nutrient
    Ration
    Concentrate
  • What is the lowest level of the FFA structure in North Carolina?
    North Carolina Association
    Region
    Federation
    Local chapter
  • What trend is occurring with the average age of farm operators?
    It is increasing
    It is decreasing
    It is random
    It stays the same
  • What is the set of well-defined rules to conduct business through a formal, organized approach called?
    Adjournment
    Order of Business
    Parliamentary procedure
    The Agenda
  • What is the "true stomach" in avian species where gastric acids and enzymes aid in the digestive process?
    Proventriculus
    Gizzard
    Crop
    Cloaca
  • 12. Suffolk sheep are primarily used for:
    Guard animals
    Dairy
    Wool
    Meat
  • Swine, dogs, and cats are examples of which type of animal with a single-compartment stomach?
    Monogastric animals
    Avian species
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Ruminants
  • 9. Accurate and reliable records help dairy producers:
    Make sound management decisions
    Increase pigmentation loss
    Choose animals randomly
    Reduce milk production
  • 7. When was the Animal Welfare Act originally passed?
    1950
    1966
    2008
    1985
  • What are the four components of Voice when presenting a speech?
    Fluency, sincerity, emphasis, directness
    Appearance, poise, attitude, posture
    Interesting, understandable, convincing, pleasing
    Pitch quality, articulation, pronunciation, force
  • What item is inserted into the reticulum to prevent Hardware Disease?
    Antibiotics
    A plastic shield
    A small magnet
    A large piece of roughage
  • 21. Which practice reduces horns in cattle?
    Trimming
    Tail docking
    Branding
    Dehorning
  • In the FFA Sample Order of Business, what happens immediately after the Call to Order?
    Treasurer’s report
    Reading/approval of minutes from previous meeting
    New business
    Report from standing committees
  • 9. What law addresses care for animals used in biomedical research?
    Animal Welfare Act
    Animal Protection Initiative
    Health Research Extension Act
    Veterinary Research Act
  • 27. Pet food manufacturing generates how much annually?
    $32.3 billion
    $100,000
    $7 million
    $1.2 million
  • 20. Declawing is a physical alteration associated with ________.
    Poultry
    Goats
    Horses
    Cats
  • The avian ovary produces which two hormones?
    Testosterone and adrenaline
    Insulin and thyroxine
    Oxytocin and prolactin
    Estrogen and progesterone
  • What degree generally requires additional specialization of two or more years and can result in a dissertation?
    Bachelor’s degree
    Doctoral degree
    Associate degree
    Master’s degree
  • Which professional educates students about agriculture, food, and natural resources?
    Animal trainer
    Animal behaviorist
    Cooperative extension agent
    Agricultural education teacher
  • Which is an example of a hybrid dog?
    Labradoodle
    Beagle
    German Shepherd
    Bloodhound
  • What are the two official colors of the FFA?
    American red and navy blue
    Forest green and sun yellow
    Sky blue and dirt brown
    National blue and corn gold
  • Which motion is used to request/require a counted vote?
    Division of Assembly
    Adjourn
    Point of Order
    Previous Question
  • 11. Which practice involves creating genetically identical animals?
    Cloning
    Declawing
    Tail docking
    Dehorning
  • 35. Fish tend to eat more when:
    Water is cold
    Water temperature increases
    Oxygen is low
    Light is reduced
  • Which ration is fed to provide for the storage of nutrients not used for maintenance, growth, or other functions?
    Work ration
    Reproduction ration
    Fattening ration
    Maintenance ration
  • Which durable skill involves "teamwork and connection"?
    Metacognition
    Critical Thinking
    Collaboration
    Growth Mindset
  • 16. Proteins are primarily made up of:
    Amino acids
    Sugars
    Vitamins
    Lipids
  • 30. A desirable trait in companion animal parents is:
    Unpredictable temperament
    Chronic joint problems
    Frequent seizures
    No history of genetic disorders
  • Which compartment of the ruminant stomach has an interior lining that resembles a honeycomb pattern?
    Omasum
    Abomasum
    Reticulum
    Rumen
  • How many main motions can be on the floor or before the group at the same time?
    Only one
    Two
    Four
    Three
  • 9. Duroc swine are typically:
    Black with white belt
    All white with erect ears
    Red with drooped ears
    Spotted
  • 38. Beef Yield Grade 1 animals have:
    Highest fat waste
    Poor firmness
    Lowest muscling
    Least fat waste
  • 19. The most common broiler cross is:
    Cornish × White Plymouth Rock
    Rhode Island Red × Leghorn
    Jersey Giant × Orpington
    Brahma × Silkie
  • What is the term for a small mass of feed once swallowed in animals?
    Villi
    Chyme
    Gastric juice
    Bolus
  • Which type of animal contains specialized structures such as the crop, proventriculus, and gizzard to soften and grind food?
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Ruminants
    Monogastric animals
    Avian species
  • 24. What percent of households own at least one cat?
    12%
    38%
    80%
    5%
  • 18. Trimness in swine means being:
    Heavy in waste
    Short-bodied
    Thick in backfat
    Clean over loin edge
  • 16. Swine breeding animals should be evaluated for:
    Black pigmentation
    High somatic cell count
    Excessive backfat
    Physical soundness
  • Which durable skill focuses on "improvement and aspiration"?
    Fortitude
    Character
    Critical Thinking
    Growth Mindset
  • What trend reflects consumer desire for minimal chemical input?
    High-starch diets
    No added hormones
    Enriched soil
    Imported feed
  • The act of giving birth in sheep is known as:
    Whelping
    Calving
    Kindling
    Lambing
  • 18. Top turkey states include:
    Florida, Georgia, Texas
    Colorado, Idaho, Maine
    North Carolina, Minnesota, Indiana
    Oregon, Nevada, Arizona
  • 22. Hot-iron branding is used primarily for ________.
    Reproduction
    Weight gain
    Health treatment
    Identification
  • What organization was formed in 1935?
    Future Farmers of America
    North Carolina FFA Association
    National FFA Alumni Association
    New Farmers of America (NFA)
  • 23. What percent of households own at least one dog?
    10%
    48%
    20%
    75%
  • 8. Top dairy states include:
    Florida, Maine, Texas
    Georgia, Kansas, Nevada
    Oregon, Alaska, Arizona
    California, Wisconsin, Idaho
  • Which officer informs and reports events and sits beside the American flag?
    Sentinel
    Vice President
    Reporter
    President
  • A male animal is producing viable sperm, but collected semen shows poor sperm viability and poor motility. A defect in which accessory gland is the MOST likely cause, as it produces fluids that protect and transport sperm?
    Cowper's gland
    Seminal vesicles
    Epididymis
    Testicles
  • What is the general term for delivering content to an audience, as described in the text?
    Public speaking
    Power of Expression
    Communication
    Stage Presence
  • 29. Persian cats are a breed known for:
    Blue eyes only
    Long hair and popularity
    Being hairless
    Triangular head shape
  • What is the primary site of egg (ovum) production (oogenesis) in the female reproductive system?
    Ovaries
    Oviduct
    Cervix
    Uterus
  • What is the process of breaking feed down into simple substances that can be absorbed by the body?
    Absorption
    Digestion
    Rumination
    Prehension
  • 6. What federal law sets standards for minimum animal care?
    Animal Welfare Act
    Food Safety Act
    Clean Water Act
    Wildlife Restoration Act
  • Which specialist selects and breeds animals to produce offspring with desired characteristics?
    Animal breeder
    Farmer/rancher
    Nutritionist
    Animal waste management technician
  • What is the function of the cervix?
    To store mature sperm cells
    To create a barrier between the developing fetus and the exterior of the body
    To produce egg cells (ova)
    To receive the penis during copulation
  • Where are the testicles of the male avian species stored?
    In an external scrotum
    Inside the body cavity
    Inside the cloaca
    Just below the papilla
  • What is considered by many to be the most important nutrient, making up 40–80% of an animal's body?
    Protein
    Fat
    Carbohydrate
    Water
  • 14. Supplemental hormones are NOT allowed in which animals?
    Beef cattle
    Sheep
    Poultry & swine
    Dairy cattle
  • Which tube connects the infundibulum to the uterus and is the specific site of fertilization?
    Cervix
    Urethra
    Vas deferens
    Oviduct (Fallopian tube)
  • What is the highest level of the FFA structure?
    North Carolina Association
    National FFA Organization
    Federation
    Region
  • 7. Body capacity is evaluated by the animal’s:
    Ear length
    Rib depth
    Head size
    Tail width
  • 17. Soybean meal and cottonseed meal are examples of:
    Mineral sources
    Plant protein sources
    Energy supplements
    Vitamin sources
  • What is the name of the organ on the wall of the cloaca that deposits sperm into the hen’s reproductive tract?
    Testicle
    Vas deferens
    Uterus
    Papilla
  • 15. Average beef cattle market weight is:
    1300 pounds
    500 pounds
    75 pounds
    270 pounds
  • 21. The total economic impact of the U.S. pet industry is:
    Over $221 billion
    Exactly $50 billion
    $15 million
    Under $10 billion
  • 21. The nutrient that makes up 40–80% of an animal’s body is:
    Minerals
    Protein
    Fat
    Water
  • What term describes the feed and water that an animal receives?
    Diet
    Ration
    Supplement
    Nutrient
  • 4. Brahman cattle are well known for their:
    Heat tolerance and insect resistance
    High butterfat milk
    Short ears
    Small frame size
  • What phrase describes meat produced without antibiotics?
    Cage-free
    Steroid-free
    Antibiotic-free
    Low-protein
  • 6. Dairy farms in the U.S. are mostly:
    State-operated
    Nonprofit entities
    Family-owned
    Large corporations
  • 20. Broad Breasted White turkeys are known for being:
    Wild bird crosses
    Smallest turkey breed
    Largest domestic turkey breed
    Black in color
  • A breeder is preparing a female animal for breeding to improve her conception rate. Which ration should be fed, as it contains the largest amount of protein, minerals, and vitamins compared to other rations?
    Maintenance ration
    Work ration
    Fattening ration
    Reproduction ration
  • The act of giving birth in cats is known as:
    Whelping
    Calving
    Queening
    Kidding
  • Which accessory organ is not present in a horse?
    Liver
    Pancreas
    Gallbladder
    Spleen
  • 10. Pork consumption in the U.S. per capita has:
    Remained stable
    Rapidly decreased
    Rapidly increased
    Become illegal
  • What does the gavel represent or symbolize for the presiding officer?
    Authority
    Power
    Respect
    Order
  • 3. Bulls should be selected for producing calves with:
    High weaning/yearling weights
    High birth weights
    Low weaning weights
    Poor muscling
  • What degree results after an additional two years at a college or university and requires a project or thesis?
    Bachelor’s degree
    Master’s degree
    Doctoral degree
    Associate degree
  • A young female pig reaches the age where she is capable of conception and carrying a litter. What is the biological term for the stage of development she has reached?
    Puberty
    Farrowing
    Gestation
    Lactation
  • Which technology helps owners view pets when away?
    Motion collars
    Anti-shedding lamps
    Noise blockers
    Dog cameras
  • Which two groups of animals have diets that are composed primarily of concentrates?
    Horses and rabbits
    Cattle and goats
    Swine and poultry
    Dogs and cats
  • 2. Increased future demand for U.S. animal products will mainly come from:
    Domestic production
    School lunch programs
    Exports
    State fairs
  • Which factor affecting embryo development initiates the process?
    Candling
    Humidity
    Rotation of egg
    Temperature
  • What is the term for the surgical removal of testicles in a male animal?
    Parturition
    Castration
    Spaying
    Farrowing
  • 4. Structurally correct feet and legs are especially important when selecting:
    Broilers
    Bulls
    Feeder cattle
    Replacement heifers
  • 22. A BSE evaluates:
    Fertility
    Coat color
    Attitude
    Fat thickness
  • Which occupational category provides preventive and therapeutic medical treatment to animals?
    Medical specialists
    Scientists, engineers, and related specialists
    Education, communication, and information specialists
    Animal production specialists
  • What is the typical incubation period for a duck egg?
    21 days
    33 days
    28 days
    16 days
  • 17. Caged layers refers to confinement of which animals?
    Swine
    Sheep
    Goats
    Poultry
  • What is the oval sac-like structure in the avian digestive system that stores and softens feed?
    Crop
    Proventriculus
    Gizzard
    Cloaca
  • 37. An immature female is called a:
    Heifer (cattle example)
    Steer
    Bull
    Sow
  • Which ration contains the largest amount of protein, minerals, and vitamins to support gestation and parturition?
    Work ration
    Reproduction ration
    Fattening ration
    Maintenance ration
  • 16. Nubian goats are known for being:
    Meat animals
    Dairy animals
    Wool producers
    Rare pets
  • 5. Simmental cattle have:
    Always solid black
    A belt pattern
    Always red with white face
    No set color pattern
  • What does regenerative agriculture emphasize?
    Eliminating all livestock
    Permanent confinement
    Maximum chemical application
    Improving soil and ecosystem health
  • 23. Working dogs are used for:
    Jobs like drafting or guarding
    Egg production
    Lapdog companionship
    Hunting small game
  • Which officer keeps accurate minutes and sits beside the ear of corn?
    Sentinel
    Secretary
    Reporter
    Treasurer
  • Which agent sells and manages insurance policies for pets and assists owners in filing claims?
    Pet insurance agent
    Financial analyst
    Business manager
    Pharmaceutical sales representative
  • What genetic service is increasing for companion animals?
    Pet DNA testing
    Microchip removal
    Hair-pattern analysis
    Breed replacement
  • Which motion is used to end debate on a motion?
    Point of Order
    Previous Question
    Adjourn
    Division of Assembly
  • 11. Production records measure:
    Feed conversion ratio
    Pounds of milk, fat, and protein
    Amount of time grazing
    Number of calves born
  • 34. Intact male animals are typically:
    Less muscular
    More muscular
    Feminine-headed
    Smaller framed
  • Which acid is secreted in the abomasum to stop the action of salivary amylase?
    Pepsin
    Hydrochloric acid
    Trypsin
    Gastric lipase
  • 5. Animals that eat only plant-based diets are:
    Carnivores
    Omnivores
    Herbivores
    Insectivores
  • What is a single feed component that helps support the life of an animal?
    Supplement
    Nutrient
    Diet
    Ration
  • 2. The Hereford breed is recognized by its:
    All-white body
    Black coat
    Hump and loose skin
    Red body with a white face
  • 9. Larger-framed animals are usually perceived as yielding more:
    Hair
    Wool
    Meat or milk
    Organs
  • The interior lining of which ruminant stomach section is described as resembling carpet?
    Reticulum
    Abomasum
    Rumen
    Omasum
  • When making a motion, which person states the question on the motion?
    The member making the motion
    The member seconding the motion
    The chair
    The Secretary
  • 35. Castrated males are distinguished by:
    Presence of a sheath
    Heat cycles
    Large neck crest
    Very muscular build
  • A high-performance ranch horse has an extremely rigorous work schedule. Which change is MOST critical to make to its ration to supply the extra energy needed to perform its tasks?
    Decrease the crude fiber levels below 18%.
    Increase the amounts of fats and carbohydrates.
    Increase the water content by over 80%.
    Feed only roughages and no concentrates.
  • The part of a speech that begins with the main points and arranges them in logical order is called the what?
    Purpose
    Conclusion
    Introduction
    Body
  • What types of individual awards are based on a student's SAE program?
    State Champion Awards
    Presidential Awards
    Proficiency Awards
    Leadership Awards
  • 25. What percent of households own fish?
    2%
    55%
    1%
    12%
  • 27. American Shorthair cats typically show:
    Many color patterns
    Only solid colors
    No tabby patterns
    Long fur
  • 29. Pet products generate how much annually?
    $14.5 billion
    $100 million
    $500,000
    $200 billion
  • 14. Broilers make up what percent of total poultry sales?
    10%
    67%
    95%
    33%
  • 14. Fats and oils provide how much more energy than carbohydrates?
    4 times
    Same amount
    2–2.25 times
    10 times
  • 18. Which device provides electric signals to control animals?
    Electronic collar
    Identification tag
    Kennel gate
    Halter
  • A veterinarian suspects a sick cow is suffering from Hardware Disease. Which stomach compartment should a small magnet be inserted into for prevention, and what is its interior lining described as?
    Omasum; Many layers of tissue
    Rumen; Carpet
    Abomasum; Smoothest
    Reticulum; Honeycomb
  • 2. Excessive milk production in cows may reduce:
    Feed intake
    Weaning weights
    Udder size
    Rebreeding success
  • 35. Comparative notes compare animals:
    By age alone
    Only by color
    Only at the end
    In each pair
  • When preparing a speech, a specific reason like explaining a new technology relates to the speech's what?
    Purpose
    Outline
    Audience
    Occasion
  • What assists the chapter in setting goals and developing plans and steps to reach those goals?
    Opening and Closing Ceremony
    Program of Activities (POA)
    FFA Mission Statement
    Officer and Committee Positions
  • Which basic part of a speech is intended to grab the attention of your audience?
    Body
    Conclusion
    Main Point
    Introduction
  • 24. Producing healthy animals results in ________.
    Higher stress levels
    More welfare violations
    Reduced medical expenses
    Lower productivity
  • 16. Which housing is controversial for sows?
    Gestation crates
    Pasture shelters
    Free-range barns
    Deep bedding systems
  • What is the purpose of parliamentary procedure regarding speech during a meeting?
    Members may speak without recognition
    Only officers may speak
    Only one member may speak at a time
    Two members may speak at a time
  • What consumer trend has decreased in recent years?
    Fish consumption
    Organic product interest
    Fluid milk consumption
    Poultry consumption
  • In which voting method are members asked to stand or raise their hands?
    Ballot
    Rising
    Roll call
    Voice
  • Which is an example of a limited-ingredient pet food trend?
    High-fat kibble
    Single-source protein
    Artificial dyes
    Multi-protein blends
  • Fluency, sincerity, emphasis, and directness are components of what presentation skill?
    Voice
    Stage presence
    General effect
    Power of expression
  • A veterinarian is called because a dog, 48 hours after whelping, is showing signs of illness. The illness is confirmed to be due to the afterbirth not being expelled. Which stage of parturition was incomplete?
    The expulsion of the placenta and other membranes.
    The release of the egg cell from the ovary.
    The contraction of the uterus muscles.
    The breaking of the second water bag.
  • 3. Which industry provides the largest share of total U.S. agricultural cash receipts?
    Goats
    Poultry
    Beef cattle
    Dairy
  • Which officer presides over meetings and sits beside the rising sun?
    Secretary
    President
    Reporter
    Vice President
  • 25. Broiler defects include:
    Bruises or watery blisters
    Evenly spaced teats
    Soft and flexible abdomen
    Full pigmentation
  • What is the FFA motto?
    Learning to Do, Doing to Learn, Earning to Live, Living to Serve
    Premier Leadership, Personal Growth, Career Success
    Dedication, Education, and Application
    We Believe in the Future of Agriculture
  • What process in ruminants brings the bolus from the stomach back to the mouth for rechewing?
    Forward peristalsis
    Absorption
    Reverse peristalsis
    Prehension
  • An animal is diagnosed with a deficiency in the pancreatic enzyme Lipase. This deficiency would directly impact the breakdown of which major nutrient into fatty acids?
    Fats
    Proteins
    Sugars
    Starches
  • What is the process of forcing feed back up the esophagus to be chewed further, also known as "chewing the cud"?
    Absorption
    Peristalsis
    Prehension
    Rumination
  • What are the trace organic compounds that help regulate many body functions and are designated by letters like A, D, and K?
    Minerals
    Amino acids
    Enzymes
    Vitamins
  • What degree is usually conferred upon the completion of a two-year degree program?
    Bachelor’s degree
    Master’s degree
    Associate degree
    Doctoral degree
  • Which supplement is increasingly used for pet health?
    Synthetic leather
    Probiotics
    Human athletic supplements
    Asphalt additives
  • Why is it difficult for new farmers to start operations?
    Lack of interest
    Too many government grants
    High financial capital required
    Surplus of farmland
  • 36. The top pair in a class includes:
    Second and third
    First and fourth
    Third and fourth
    First and second place
  • 7. Despite fewer dairy operations, total milk production:
    Has disappeared
    Is unstable
    Is entirely imported
    Has increased per operation
  • In which part of the oviduct is the calcified shell formed and the pigment of the cuticle applied?
    Isthmus
    Cloaca
    Infundibulum
    Uterus
  • What is the main function of the large intestine in the digestive process?
    Secretes hydrochloric acid
    Primary site of nutrient absorption
    Absorbs water and adds mucus to form feces
    Converts protein into amino acids
  • What type of development continues to convert farmland?
    Agricultural expansion
    Federal conservation projects
    Commercial and residential development
    Increased livestock herds
  • 31. Companion animals should show adequate:
    Energy levels
    Aggression
    Unpredictability
    Fear responses
  • What does farm consolidation typically lead to?
    Fewer farms that are larger in size
    Fewer government regulations
    Lower production efficiency
    More small independent farms
  • The rumen and reticulum together make up what percentage of the ruminant stomach capacity?
    25%
    85%
    100%
    50%
  • What type of events are designed to develop communication skills?
    Program of Activities (POA)
    Leadership Development Events (LDE)
    Proficiency Awards
    Career Development Events (CDE)
  • 14. Average market hog weight is:
    125 pounds
    75 pounds
    1300 pounds
    270 pounds
  • 33. Amphibians and reptiles primarily eat:
    Roughages
    Grains
    Animal proteins
    Mineral blocks
  • A pig (omnivore) and a goat (herbivore) are being fed. If the pig is fed a diet comprised primarily of concentrates, what type of feed ingredient will primarily make up the goat's diet?
    Roughages
    Fats and oils
    Synthetic nitrogen sources
    Animal-based proteins
  • Which occupational category uses communication skills and technical expertise to perform services and provide information?
    Social services professionals
    Animal production specialists
    Marketing, merchandising, and sales representatives
    Education, communication, and information specialists
  • Which professional provides basic care for animals in veterinary clinics, adoption shelters, or boarding facilities?
    Kennel attendant
    Groomer
    Conservation officer
    Wildlife rehabilitator
  • 2. What must be provided for proper animal welfare?
    Minimal food and water only
    Unlimited space only
    Housing, sanitation, nutrition, water & vet care
    Access to outdoor pasture only
  • 15. Top broiler states include:
    Kansas, Utah, Nevada
    Ohio, Florida, Oregon
    Georgia, North Carolina, Arkansas
    Maine, Montana, Hawaii
  • What is the most commonly grown grain in the United States?
    Oats
    Barley
    Corn
    Wheat
  • 26. Bleaching in layers occurs first at the:
    Beak
    Top of toes
    Shanks
    Vent
  • Which officer keeps financial records and sits beside the emblem of Washington?
    President
    Vice President
    Treasurer
    Secretary
  • Which ration is used to address the production of milk, eggs, or wool?
    Production ration
    Growth ration
    Maintenance ration
    Fattening ration
  • What vote is required for motions that take away privileges?
    Two-thirds vote
    Voice vote
    Roll call vote
    Majority vote
  • A feed company is developing a supplement to maximize the absorption of simple molecules like amino acids and sugars. They should focus on increasing the surface area and efficiency of which structure in the small intestine?
    Cloaca
    Villi
    Cecum
    Papillae of the Omasum
  • What is the name of the book that serves as the basis for parliamentary law?
    Parliamentary Authority
    The By-law Handbook
    Order of Business
    Robert’s Rules of Order
  • 2. Traits visible in the head and general appearance describe:
    Breed character
    Muscle
    Frame size
    Balance
  • What professional examines and provides care to sick, injured, or orphaned wildlife to return them to the wild?
    Veterinary technician
    Wildlife rehabilitator
    Animal welfare officer
    Veterinarian
  • 13. What involves inserting foreign genes into an organism?
    Clipping
    Enrichment
    Transgenics
    Hormone therapy
  • A pig swallows a mouthful of starchy feed. The salivary amylase begins to break down starch into maltose. In which organ will the action of this salivary amylase be stopped by the presence of hydrochloric acid?
    Duodenum (small intestine)
    Stomach
    Esophagus
    Large Intestine
  • A goose egg has been placed in an incubator alongside chicken and turkey eggs. If all were set on the same day, on which approximate day should the goose egg be expected to hatch, relative to the chicken egg?
    About 7 days later (28–33 days vs. 21 days)
    At the same time (28 days)
    About 10 days earlier
    At the same time as the turkey egg, but later than the chicken egg
  • What is the total amount and kind of feed that an animal is provided during a 24-hour period?
    Diet
    Nutrient
    Supplement
    Ration
  • 10. Hampshire swine are identified by:
    Red body and erect ears
    Long drooped ears
    Solid white body
    Black body with a white belt
  • 18. Additional selection criteria include:
    Age, temperament, feeding needs
    Weight only
    Breed only
    Coat color only
  • 13. Merino sheep are known for:
    Wool production
    Meat production
    Spot patterns
    Small frame size
  • What does the Owl symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    Agricultural opportunity and progress
    Knowledge and wisdom
    The national scope of the FFA and freedom
    Common agricultural interest and unity
  • 5. Finish refers to the amount of:
    Muscle
    Fat
    Marbling
    Bone
  • On which day of incubation should egg rotation be stopped?
    Day 21
    Day 7
    Day 1
    Day 18
  • 29. Companion animals should be free of:
    Minor shedding
    Natural coat variation
    Distinct breed markings
    Skin or fur issues
  • 39. The brisket is found:
    Back of the animal
    Top of the head
    Rear leg
    Between the front legs
  • 3. Most producers and researchers believe in ________.
    Replacing all animals with robotics
    Animal rights
    Eliminating all animal agriculture
    Animal welfare
  • What organic compounds, made up of amino acids, supply material to build body tissues like muscles, skin, and hair?
    Minerals
    Carbohydrates
    Vitamins
    Proteins
  • 34. Highest USDA beef quality grade is:
    Select
    Prime
    Standard
    Utility
  • The motion to amend requires what kind of vote for adoption?
    Majority vote
    Unanimous vote
    Simple vote
    Two-thirds vote
  • 24. Broilers should have desirable feathers and:
    Black feathers
    Green shanks
    Large breast meat
    Crooked toes
  • How many taps of the gavel signal all members to stand in unison?
    Two taps
    A series of taps
    Three taps
    One tap
  • What are the organic catalyst substances that speed up the digestive process?
    Villi
    Enzymes
    Amino acids
    Microbes
  • 38. The rump of an animal is located:
    Above the hock
    Between the loin and tail
    Between ribs and belly
    Between neck and ribs
  • The act of giving birth in goats is known as:
    Whelping
    Queening
    Calving
    Kidding
  • 1. Cows should produce calves with what characteristic to reduce calving issues?
    Low birth weight
    Random birth weights
    No birth weight requirement
    High birth weight
  • A nutritionist is formulating a diet for an adult lactating dairy cow. To encourage high milk production, the ration should be formulated to be high in which three specific components?
    Carbohydrates, iron, and Vitamins B
    Fat, copper, and salt
    Water, urea, and cellulose
    Protein, calcium, and phosphorus
  • The durable skill of Fortitude is described as what?
    Teamwork and connection
    Constitution and inspiration
    Self-understanding and personal management
    Information exchange and management
  • How many taps of the gavel signal members to sit down or announce the completion of a vote?
    Three taps
    A series of taps
    Two taps
    One tap
  • 34. Companion birds primarily prefer diets of:
    Cereal grains or oil seeds
    High-fat milk replacers
    Roughage hay
    Meat scraps
  • 17. White Leghorns are best known for:
    Black plumage
    Brown egg production
    Meat production
    Laying white eggs
  • What are carbohydrates chemically composed of?
    Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
    Nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon
    Carbon and nitrogen
    Sulfur, phosphorus, and iron
  • 33. Visual observation notes include:
    Judge’s preference
    Feed type
    Weather conditions
    Identification notes
  • The duodenum, jejunum, and ileum are the three sections of which digestive organ?
    Small intestine
    Cecum
    Esophagus
    Large intestine
  • What feed material is included for a specific purpose, such as improving palatability or reducing dust?
    Roughages
    Carbohydrates
    Concentrates
    Supplements
  • Mindfulness is explained as what two concepts?
    Directing efforts and delivering results
    New ideas and novel solutions
    Informed ideas and effective solutions
    Interpersonal and self-awareness
  • 38. During reasons, the presenter should:
    Avoid comparative terms
    Skip the introduction
    Whisper softly
    Use correct terminology
  • What is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the digestive tract, aided by villi?
    Stomach
    Small intestine
    Large intestine
    Cecum
  • Which type of speech is given to change or sway the mind of the audience?
    Prepared
    Extemporaneous
    Informative
    Persuasive
  • How often do chickens typically lay an egg?
    Every 24–28 hours
    Once per week
    Once per month
    Only if a rooster is present
  • 20. Average Daily Gain measures:
    Exercise level
    Weight gain over time
    Appetite
    Bone growth
  • What is the liquid secreted by glands that contains water, mucus, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes?
    Chyme
    Bolus
    Bile
    Gastric juice
  • 39. Pork yield grades consider factors such as:
    Hair color
    LEA, HCW, backfat
    Tail length
    Hoof size
  • What specialist studies a variety of animal species and may work in zoos or governmental agencies?
    Veterinarian
    Zoologist
    Life support engineer
    Nutritionist
  • Which non-ruminant animals have a developed cecum that contains bacteria to break down roughage?
    Monogastric animals
    Avian species
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Ruminants
  • Where does the embryo of an avian species develop?
    Inside the oviduct
    Inside the cloaca
    Outside of the body, inside a calcified eggshell
    Inside the uterus
  • What term refers to animals raised using sunlight, grazing, and open fields?
    Mechanically supplemented
    Grain-restricted
    Indoor-fed
    Pasture-raised
  • 26. Herding dogs are known for:
    Controlling movement of livestock
    Hunting rabbits
    Catching rodents
    Pulling sleds
  • 6. Structural soundness is based on:
    Skin color
    Hair texture
    Feet, legs, and bone structure
    Tail length
  • 13. Reproductive history includes:
    Conception rate and calving interval
    Slaughter weight
    Udder texture
    Carcass grade
  • What is the common term for the illness caused by cattle swallowing foreign objects like nails or wire?
    Omasum blockage
    Hardware disease
    Microbial imbalance
    Gastric illness
  • For most animals, how long after breeding is generally recommended for the most accurate pregnancy detection via ultrasound or palpation?
    30 to 40 days
    10 to 15 days
    50 to 60 days
    1 to 5 days
  • 4. Feed and water that an animal receives daily is called its:
    Ration
    Supplement
    Concentrate
    Diet
  • Which food animal product consumption is declining?
    Poultry
    Beef
    Fish
    Eggs
  • 18. Rhode Island Reds are known for:
    Laying white eggs
    Being a broiler breed
    Having white plumage
    Laying brown eggs
  • What is the sequence followed in conducting a business meeting?
    Agenda
    Treasurer’s report
    Standing committee report
    Order of business
  • 10. A pedigree identifies:
    Feed intake history
    Maternal and paternal lines
    Udder score
    Coat color changes
  • Which professional assists veterinarians in diagnosing and treating animals in private clinics and research facilities?
    Zoologist
    Veterinarian
    Veterinary technician
    Financial analyst
  • 40. During reasons, grants and criticisms are given to:
    Lengthen the speech
    Acknowledge strengths and faults
    Confuse the judge
    Replace comparisons
  • What enlarged part of the avian digestive tract is located just before the vent where the digestive and reproductive tracts combine?
    Ceca
    Gizzard
    Vent
    Cloaca
  • 24. Rations used for milk, eggs, or wool production are:
    Production rations
    Growth rations
    Work rations
    Maintenance rations
  • What can be used on occasion to help restore order during a meeting?
    Three taps
    One tap
    A series of taps
    Two taps
  • 28. Veterinary services generate how much annually?
    $2 million
    $21.0 billion
    $500,000
    $100 billion
  • 32. Temperament of a companion animal should match:
    Coat color
    Breed stereotypes only
    Owner expectations
    Feeding schedule
  • Appearance, poise, attitude, confidence, and posture are all elements of what presentation skill?
    Stage presence
    General effect
    Power of expression
    Response to questions
  • 23. Rations high in energy and protein to increase body size are:
    Reproduction rations
    Work rations
    Fattening rations
    Growth rations
  • 36. Acceptable pork has meat that is:
    Greenish
    Pale and soft
    Reddish-pink and firm
    Extremely fatty
  • 5. Feeder cattle should have a high:
    Somatic cell score
    Calving difficulty
    Backfat thickness
    Average daily gain
  • 21. ADG = (Final weight – Initial weight) ÷:
    Frame size
    Feed per day
    Age
    Days between weights
  • An animal is fed a diet high in soybean meal, fish meal, and dried milk. The animal is being supplied with ample amounts of the building blocks containing nitrogen. What major nutrient is being emphasized in this diet?
    Minerals
    Proteins (amino acids)
    Fats and oils
    Carbohydrates
  • 4. A flat appearance with visible bone edges indicates:
    Heavy finish
    High capacity
    Good balance
    Poor muscling
  • Which specialist provides guidance for financial planning, analysis, and projection for animal-related companies?
    Veterinarian
    Financial analyst
    Business manager
    Animal trainer
  • 24. Sperm motility measures:
    Forward movement
    Size
    Number
    Color
  • A veterinarian is asked to confirm pregnancy in a mare only 18 days after breeding. Which method, though not ideal for accuracy at this time, offers the best chance for the earliest possible detection?
    Ultrasound to detect the fetus in the uterus.
    Blood test looking for pregnancy-specific hormones.
    Palpation for the fetus via a physical exam.
    Waiting until 40 days for optimal accuracy.
  • Which occupational category uses communication skills to share information about the animal industry?
    Animal production specialists
    Education, communication, and information specialists
    Social services professionals
    Scientists, engineers, and related specialists
  • What type of event is designed to build career skills of FFA members?
    Proficiency Awards
    Career Development Events (CDE)
    Program of Activities (POA)
    Leadership Development Events (LDE)
  • What term describes the length of time during which a female is pregnant?
    Puberty
    Lactation
    Parturition
    Gestation
  • Which product category is increasing in consumer demand?
    Genetically modified feed
    Imported dairy
    Low-protein meats
    Organic products
  • 11. Balance means body parts:
    Grow at the same rate
    Blend attractively
    Are the same size
    Are heavily muscled
  • 7. Jersey cattle produce:
    Large framed offspring
    High butterfat milk
    Highest milk quantity
    Large litters
  • Which motion is used to present a new item of business for consideration?
    Previous Question
    Amendment
    Main motion
    Adjourn
  • Which part of the oviduct is where the shell membrane is applied and the shape of the egg is determined?
    Uterus
    Magnum
    Infundibulum
    Isthmus
  • How many taps of the gavel are used to call the meeting to order?
    Two taps
    One tap
    Three taps
    Four taps
  • 26. Rations that provide nutrients for storage not used in other functions are:
    Fattening rations
    Work rations
    Maintenance rations
    Growth rations
  • 22. What fraction of U.S. households owns at least one pet?
    Two-thirds
    One-half
    One-fourth
    One-tenth
  • 23. Tail docking is performed on which species?
    Fish only
    Horses only
    Poultry only
    Cattle, dogs, sheep, swine
  • 1. The process of providing food necessary for health and growth is called:
    Ration
    Nutrition
    Absorption
    Digestion
  • A commercial layer hen operation is providing a diet composed mainly of corn and other cereal grains. These ingredients are primarily supplying the hen with what major nutrient for energy?
    Carbohydrates
    Vitamins
    Minerals
    Proteins
  • 31. Cats need approximately twice as much ___ as dogs.
    Vitamins
    Carbohydrates
    Protein
    Water
  • Which ration is needed for increasing the size of bones, muscles, and organs, and is high in energy and protein?
    Fattening ration
    Maintenance ration
    Growth ration
    Work ration
  • 39. The summary of reasons should provide:
    New data
    A final statement
    Random comments
    A repeat of entire reasons
  • What is the term for partially digested feed that is acidic, semifluid, gray, and pulpy, produced in the stomach and sent to the small intestine?
    Enzymes
    Villi
    Chyme
    Bolus
  • 8. Frame size compares animals of similar:
    Sex only
    Breed only
    Age
    Production data
  • What is a key reason hybrid “designer breeds” are bred?
    To increase wild traits
    To achieve desirable characteristics
    To remove breed standards
    To reduce pet ownership
  • The motion for the Previous Question requires what kind of vote?
    Plurality vote
    2/3 majority vote
    Majority vote
    Unanimous vote
  • If the President is not presiding, what is the proper address for the person presiding?
    Mr./Madam/Mx. Chairman or Chairperson
    The Floor
    The Sentinel
    Mr./Madam/Mx. President
  • What is the process where the egg cell is released from the ovary?
    Fertilization
    Ovulation
    Oogenesis
    Spermatogenesis
  • 20. Ideal swine market animals are:
    Shallow-bodied
    Narrow-chested
    Lacking finish
    Well-muscled and balanced
  • 5. Top beef-producing states include:
    Nebraska, Texas, Kansas
    Iowa, Ohio, Georgia
    Florida, Utah, Oregon
    Maine, Idaho, Hawaii
  • Which innovation signals health concerns in cats?
    PrettyLitter
    Glow-dust pellets
    Sand crystals
    Ozone litter
  • 1. The Angus breed is known for which trait?
    Red color
    Long ears
    Heat intolerance
    High carcass quality
  • What year was the National FFA Organization established?
    1935
    1965
    1969
    1928
  • What nutrient provides 2–2.25 times the energy value of carbohydrates?
    Proteins
    Minerals
    Water
    Fats and oils
  • What mineral-containing element is present in proteins, besides carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
    Nitrogen
    Iron
    Phosphorus
    Sulfur
  • Which motion is used to change a motion by striking out, adding, or substituting words?
    Main motion
    Previous Question
    Amendment
    Adjourn
  • What are the small finger-like projections in the intestinal wall that increase surface area and aid in digestive absorption?
    Microbes
    Villi
    Bolus
    Chyme
  • Which professional provides cosmetic services for animals?
    Groomer
    Kennel attendant
    Wildlife rehabilitator
    Veterinary technician
  • 3. Charolais cattle are typically:
    Red with white face
    White to light straw
    Solid black
    Spotted
  • Which method of voting involves calling each member’s name?
    Voice
    Ballot
    Roll call
    Rising
  • 23. Ideal backfat at the 10th rib is:
    0.2 inch
    1.6 inches
    2.0 inches
    0.8 inch
  • What are the three parts of an Agricultural Education program?
    Banquets, Conventions, and Conferences
    Classroom instruction, SAE, and FFA
    President, Vice President, and Secretary
    CDE, LDE, and SAE
  • Which oval-shaped muscular organ in birds crushes and mixes feed, and contains grit and gravel?
    Crop
    Beak
    Proventriculus
    Gizzard
  • A male bird has a reproductive dysfunction where the seminal fluids and sperm cells are not successfully transported from the testicles to the cloaca for copulation. Which tube is MOST likely blocked or non-functional?
    Urethra
    Papilla
    Oviduct
    Vas deferens
  • 5. Why is assessing animal well-being difficult?
    All animals behave the same
    Welfare is not measurable
    Animals cannot feel stress
    No universally accepted measures
  • 36. Mature females often have:
    Masculine heads
    Less bone structure
    More evident mammary glands
    Extra neck muscle
  • What factor regarding farmland is becoming increasingly limited?
    Farmland availability
    Water quality
    Market hog weights
    Prices of grain
  • Which exotic animal is commonly sought but often illegal?
    Turkeys
    Domestic rabbits
    Dairy cattle
    Non-domesticated canines
  • What is the reproductive process where the sperm and egg cells unite?
    Implantation
    Parturition
    Ovulation
    Fertilization
  • If a hen's left oviduct is damaged at the magnum segment, which part of the egg would be incorrectly formed or missing when the egg is laid?
    The shell membrane and shape
    The thick albumen (egg white)
    The yolk and site of fertilization
    The calcified shell and pigment
  • 32. USDA beef grades indicate:
    Breed
    Sanitation
    Health
    Quality
  • Which part of the ruminant stomach is the only functional portion when the animal is born?
    Rumen
    Abomasum
    Reticulum
    Omasum
  • What element of speech preparation is concerned with special events such as banquets or leadership conferences?
    Purpose
    Occasion
    Body
    Audience
  • A zookeeper is monitoring a pregnant cat (Felis catus) that is actively going through the process of giving birth. What specific term will the zookeeper use to document this event in their log?
    Kidding
    Kindling
    Calving
    Queening
  • Which occupational category performs research to improve the competitive position of the animal industry?
    Medical specialists
    Scientists, engineers, and related specialists
    Managers and financial specialists
    Social services professionals
  • Which officer sits beside the plow and coordinates committee work?
    Vice President
    Sentinel
    Treasurer
    President
  • 23. Scrotal circumference measurement indicates:
    Breed
    Fertility
    Meat quality
    Weight
  • Personal and professional conduct is the explanation for which durable skill?
    Collaboration
    Character
    Communication
    Mindfulness
  • Information exchange and management is the key focus of which durable skill?
    Fortitude
    Communication
    Creativity
    Leadership
  • 11. Yorkshire swine are known for:
    Black body
    Belted appearance
    White color and erect ears
    Red body
  • 28. High-producing layers have:
    Rigid abdomen
    Thick, rough shanks
    Large body capacity
    Narrow pubic bones
  • What is the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth?
    Ration
    Diet
    Nutrition
    Supplement
  • 6. Holstein cattle are best known for:
    Red coloring
    High butterfat milk
    Highest milk production
    Small frame size
  • 19. The U.S. pet industry provides approximately how many jobs?
    400,000
    1.3 million
    50,000
    10,000
  • Which specialist supervises and leads an animal-related company’s operations and employees?
    Pet insurance agent
    Business manager
    Financial analyst
    Product marketing specialist
  • What does the Rising Sun symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    Labor and tillage of the soil
    Knowledge and wisdom
    Agricultural opportunity and progress
    The national scope of the FFA and freedom
  • What classification of animal eats an animal-based diet?
    Omnivore
    Carnivore
    Monogastric
    Herbivore
  • Why is size of operations increasing?
    Farmers prefer larger fields
    Government restricts small farms
    Economies of scale needed to stay competitive
    Animals require more land
  • 18. Meat meal and fish meal are examples of:
    Roughages
    Animal protein sources
    Carbohydrates
    Vitamins
  • What do the Agriculture Education and FFA words on the emblem symbolize?
    Freedom and wisdom
    Opportunity and progress
    Common agricultural interest and unity
    The combination of learning and leadership
  • 10. Animals showing appropriate masculine or feminine traits reflect:
    Breed and sex character
    Balance
    Muscling
    Finish
  • Which occupational category uses communication and technology skills to trade animal-related products?
    Social services professionals
    Marketing, merchandising, and sales representatives
    Managers and financial specialists
    Medical specialists
  • 20. Inorganic materials needed in small amounts for body processes are:
    Carbohydrates
    Amino acids
    Vitamins
    Minerals
  • 30. Puppies require diets higher in:
    Protein
    Minerals
    Fiber
    Fat
  • When were females admitted into the FFA?
    1965
    1971
    1928
    1969
  • The act of giving birth in rabbits is known as:
    Kidding
    Farrowing
    Kindling
    Lambing
  • A newborn calf is nursing on milk. While the calf is young and primarily on a liquid diet, which stomach compartment is the only functional portion for enzymatic digestion?
    Rumen
    Omasum
    Abomasum
    Reticulum
  • Which part of the male anatomy consists of tissue that holds the testicles and epididymis and raises or lowers them in response to temperature?
    Scrotum
    Prostate gland
    Sheath
    Vas deferens
  • 24. Terrier breeds are known for:
    Herding livestock
    Retrieving birds
    Hunting vermin
    Draft work
  • Informed ideas and effective solutions is the definition of which durable skill?
    Metacognition
    Mindfulness
    Critical Thinking
    Leadership
  • Which is the correct normal presentation for a fetus at the beginning of parturition?
    Back legs first, head resting on back
    Hips first, tail tucked
    Shoulders first, head back
    Front feet first, nose tucked between front legs
  • 12. Breeding animals are selected mostly for:
    Conformation and structural soundness
    Market weight only
    Color alone
    Finish alone
  • 21. Sporting dog breeds are best described as:
    Scent-hunting hounds
    Toy-sized lap dogs
    Draft-pulling dogs
    Hunting dogs that need exercise
  • The durable skill of Metacognition is defined as what?
    Improvement and aspiration
    Interpersonal and self-awareness
    Self-understanding and personal management
    Constitution and inspiration
  • A kitten needs an extremely high-protein diet for muscle and tissue development. Compared to an adult dog, how much protein does the material indicate a cat needs?
    Twice as much protein as a dog
    The same amount of protein as a dog
    Less protein than a dog
    Protein that is strictly plant-based
  • Which officer enforces the law to protect animals through intervention and education?
    Conservation officer
    Animal welfare officer
    Groomer
    Kennel attendant
  • 25. Toy dog breeds are characterized as:
    Cold-weather workers
    Strong scent trackers
    Small and not needing much space
    Herding specialists
  • The consideration of "who" you are going to present to is referred to as what element of speech preparation?
    Purpose
    Outline
    Occasion
    Audience
  • Which durable skill is defined as "directing efforts and delivering results"?
    Leadership
    Creativity
    Fortitude
    Character
  • Which officer welcomes members and guests and assists the President in maintaining order?
    Sentinel
    Reporter
    Chaplain
    Treasurer
  • What is the process of simple molecules passing through cell membranes of the lining in the small intestine into the blood?
    Rumination
    Peristalsis
    Absorption
    Digestion
  • 25. Sperm morphology checks for:
    Smell
    Color
    Age
    Abnormalities
  • What is the process of grasping feed with lips, tongue, and/or teeth?
    Digestion
    Peristalsis
    Prehension
    Rumination
  • What is the surgical procedure for the removal of the female reproductive organs?
    Spaying
    Calving
    Kindling
    Castration
  • Which specialist trains animals for obedience, performance, riding, security, or assisting people with disabilities?
    Veterinarian
    Groomer
    Animal trainer
    Animal behaviorist
  • Which specialist designs and creates enclosures for animals in captivity that support their natural habitat?
    Nutritionist
    Life support engineer
    Animal breeder
    Zoologist
  • 34. Individual notes describe:
    Background music
    The feed type used
    The judge’s clothing
    An animal’s best or worst traits
  • Which animals have diets that are mostly comprised of roughages, such as cattle, sheep, and goats?
    Ruminants
    Reptiles and amphibians
    Swine and poultry
    Dogs and cats
  • 19. Organic compounds that regulate body functions and are known by letters are:
    Vitamins
    Proteins
    Minerals
    Sugars
  • 37. Dressing percentage compares carcass weight to:
    Growth rate
    Live weight
    Ribeye area
    Fat score
  • 27. Animals needing extra energy for activity require increased:
    Water
    Minerals
    Vitamins
    Fats and carbohydrates
  • 29. Culling refers to removing animals with:
    High traits
    Strong genetics
    Poor traits
    Good temperament
  • The act of giving birth in swine is known as:
    Calving
    Queening
    Whelping
    Farrowing
  • Soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and alfalfa meal are examples of which type of protein source?
    Synthetic sources
    Animal sources
    Plant sources
    Mineral sources
  • 9. Since 1990, the number of hog farms has:
    Been banned in several states
    Stayed the same
    Declined by over 70%
    Doubled
  • 3. Well-muscled animals show fullness in the:
    Back, loin, and rump
    Face
    Tail
    Hooves
  • Which female organ is the site of estrogen and progesterone hormone production?
    Uterus
    Vagina
    Oviduct
    Ovaries
  • What diet trend is popular due to health and well-being concerns?
    Specialty pet diets
    Increased canned food
    Reduced water intake
    Higher fat foods
  • 8. The American Landrace hog is known for:
    Long body and large lopped ears
    Red body and drooped ears
    Black body with white belt
    Erect ears and white color
  • 12. Carbohydrates are found in the largest quantities in:
    Minerals
    Forages
    Fats
    Cereal grains
  • Which structure is the site of fertilized egg implantation and fetal development until birth?
    Uterus
    Cervix
    Oviduct
    Vagina
  • What is one result of urbanization in agriculture?
    Loss of agricultural land
    Higher beef consumption
    Increased farm operators
    More small farms
  • What is the location of the junction for the urinary, reproductive, and digestive systems prior to excretion in birds?
    Papilla
    Testicles
    Cloaca
    Infundibulum
  • A speech given to provide information is what type of speech?
    Prepared
    Informative
    Persuasive
    Extemporaneous
  • What classification of animal eats items of both plant and animal origin?
    Herbivore
    Carnivore
    Omnivore
    Non-ruminant
  • 7. Animals that eat both plant and animal material are:
    Omnivores
    Producers
    Carnivores
    Herbivores
  • 1. Conformation refers to the arrangement of:
    Bone and body tissue
    Fat only
    Internal organs
    Coat color
  • What is the term for involuntary muscular contractions that create wave-like movements to move canal contents?
    Prehension
    Peristalsis
    Absorption
    Rumination
  • The rule that only one motion is allowed on the floor at one time helps the group focus on what?
    One item at a time
    The next agenda item
    Courtesy to everyone
    The will of the minority
  • What is the typical incubation period for a chicken egg?
    21 days
    28 days
    33 days
    16 days
  • What is the term for feed ingredients with crude fiber levels under 18%?
    Supplements
    Roughages
    Concentrates
    Forages
  • 15. What is subtherapeutic antibiotic use?
    Treating sick animals only
    Low doses for growth or prevention
    Natural feeding strategies
    Removing all antibiotics
  • What is required before purchasing an exotic species?
    Contact a livestock auction
    Request a pet store coupon
    Ask local grocery stores
    Check with state wildlife authorities
  • Which age group is increasing pet ownership?
    Younger generations
    Children under age five
    Middle-aged farmers
    Elderly only
  • Which two motions listed do not require recognition from the chair to speak?
    Main Motion and Amendment
    Adjourn and Previous Question
    Treasurer's Report and New Business
    Point of Order and Division
  • The motion to adjourn takes precedence over all other motions.
    Only over Amendments
    FALSE
    Only over the Main Motion
    TRUE
  • A critical factor in the last portion of incubation is increased humidity. What is the purpose of this increase?
    To soften the shell so the chick can break through it.
    To rotate the egg more easily.
    To help the yolk sac draw into the body.
    To initiate embryo development.
  • What is the last stage of parturition, which, if not expelled, can cause the mother to become sick?
    The second water bag
    The placenta and other membranes (afterbirth)
    The fetus
    The first water bag
  • Which part of the oviduct is where the egg white (thick albumen) is applied?
    Cloaca
    Isthmus
    Infundibulum
    Magnum
  • What does the Eagle symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    Common agricultural interest and unity
    Knowledge and wisdom
    Labor and tillage of the soil
    The national scope of the FFA and freedom
  • 19. Beak trimming is commonly performed on ________.
    Cattle
    Sheep
    Poultry
    Dogs
  • Which representative informs veterinary professionals about new and improved pharmaceutical products?
    Financial analyst
    Business manager
    Pharmaceutical sales representative
    Pet insurance agent
  • 40. The poll of an animal is the:
    Tail tip
    Rump area
    Top of the head
    Rear leg muscle
  • What is the list of items prepared prior to the meeting date to be discussed or handled during the meeting?
    Treasurer’s report
    Agenda
    Order of business
    Minutes
  • 15. Unused carbohydrates in the animal body are stored as:
    Minerals
    Fat
    Water
    Protein
  • Who wrote Robert's Rules of Order?
    Henry M. Robert
    Abraham Lincoln
    George Washington
    Thomas Jefferson
  • What is the term for feed ingredients with crude fiber levels over 18%?
    Supplements
    Grains
    Roughages
    Concentrates
  • Which ration requires increased amounts of fats and carbohydrates to supply extra energy for physical activity?
    Work ration
    Production ration
    Growth ration
    Reproduction ration
  • 32. Rabbits and pocket pets do best on:
    Only grains
    Pelleted commercial feeds
    Large amounts of leafy vegetables
    Only fruits
  • Which part of the oviduct is responsible for receiving the yolk and is the site where the egg is fertilized?
    Infundibulum
    Uterus
    Magnum
    Isthmus
  • What is considered the earliest method used to detect pregnancy by looking for hormones or proteins?
    Blood tests
    Palpation
    Ultrasound
    X-ray imaging
  • What is the age at which animals reach sexual maturity and are able to reproduce called?
    Puberty
    Ovulation
    Gestation
    Parturition
  • What does the Plow symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    Labor and tillage of the soil
    Common agricultural interest and unity
    National scope of the FFA and freedom
    Knowledge and wisdom
  • What is the minimum recommended frequency for rotating fertilized eggs during incubation?
    At least 3 times a day
    Once every 24 hours
    Only when candling
    Only on Day 18
  • Which ration meets the basic nutrient requirements to keep vital body processes functioning?
    Reproduction ration
    Growth ration
    Production ration
    Maintenance ration
  • What is the hormone that increases to cause the uterus muscles to contract at the start of parturition?
    Testosterone
    Progesterone
    Insulin
    Estrogen
  • 1. What is the definition of animal welfare?
    Humane care & treatment of animals
    Maximum production of animals
    Use of animals for entertainment only
    Genetic modification of animals
  • 14. Dorset sheep are considered:
    Dual-purpose
    Dairy
    Wool only
    Meat only
  • The act of giving birth in cattle is known as:
    Kidding
    Calving
    Kindling
    Lambing
  • 20. The U.S. pet industry generates more than how much in salaries and wages?
    $60 billion
    $5 million
    $1 billion
    $600 million
  • What is farm consolidation?
    Government purchasing farmland
    Only dairy farms expanding
    Larger farms acquiring land from smaller farms
    Smaller farms dividing land
  • Unused carbohydrates in the animal's body are stored as which nutrient?
    Protein
    Water
    Fat
    Cellulose
  • What terms are used to describe those assembled as voting delegates in a business meeting?
    Assembly, body, floor, and house
    Chair, President, Secretary
    Committee, Federation, Region
    Agenda, minutes, motion
  • 30. One reason to cull an animal is:
    Poor reproductive efficiency
    Calm behavior
    Fast growth
    Good muscle
  • A rancher wants to maximize the conversion of low-quality forage protein into essential amino acids for his cattle. Which stomach compartment, the primary site for microbial fermentation, is responsible for this critical conversion?
    Abomasum
    Reticulum
    Omasum
    Rumen
  • Which trend has influenced the poultry industry?
    Elimination of poultry farms
    Increase in poultry consumption
    Reduction of feed efficiency
    Decrease in poultry demand
  • 12. Dairy feed records show:
    Daily feed costs per cwt of milk
    Total days open
    Average daily gain
    Pedigree value
  • What classification of animal eats a plant-based diet?
    Carnivore
    Herbivore
    Ruminant
    Omnivore
  • A horse owner decides to switch their animal to a high-roughage diet of hay. Which digestive structure, large in this hind-gut fermenter, is primarily responsible for breaking down this roughage using microbial action?
    Cecum
    Abomasum
    Stomach
    Gizzard
  • Which trend relates to purchasing pet food online?
    Government-issued feed
    Subscription boxes
    Closed-market sales
    Farm-based pickup only
  • Speeches given with little or no preparation are known as what?
    Extemporaneous
    Persuasive
    Informative
    Prepared
  • Which occupational category uses technical skills to produce animals and animal-related products?
    Animal production specialists
    Education, communication, and information specialists
    Social services professionals
    Managers and financial specialists
  • Which male organ carries seminal fluids and sperm cells to the cloaca?
    Infundibulum
    Papilla
    Urethra
    Vas deferens
  • 8. When was the most recent revision of the Animal Welfare Act?
    1966
    2020
    2008
    1995
  • What is the term for the first milk produced after birth that contains antibodies for offspring immunity?
    Gestation
    Lactation
    Colostrum
    Afterbirth
  • How many ceca do birds typically have, unlike most other animals?
    Zero
    Two
    Three
    One
  • A feed mill accidentally included excessive molasses (a supplement) in a feed batch. What two properties of the feed are MOST likely to be affected by this mistake?
    Vitamin concentration and mineral balance
    Microbial activity and energy value
    Crude fiber level and moisture level
    Palatability (taste) and reduced dust
  • 22. Hound breeds are recognized for:
    Pulling sleds
    Strong scent abilities
    Guarding flocks
    Herding livestock
  • 22. The groove along a hog’s top indicates:
    Muscling of the loin
    Lack of finish
    Poor structure
    Bone weakness
  • 10. What do state “lemon laws” for pets provide?
    Legal recourse for animals with defects
    Refunds for pet food
    Free veterinary care
    Mandatory spay/neuter
  • What phrase must a member use to state a motion?
    “I recommend…”
    “I propose…”
    “I suggest…”
    “I move…”
  • What specialist creates rations for animals based on their individual nutritional needs?
    Animal breeder
    Nutritionist
    Zoologist
    Veterinarian
  • 14. A well-attached udder should be held:
    Above the hocks
    Touching the ground
    Even with the hocks
    Below the hocks
  • 30. The Californian rabbit is identified by:
    White body with black points
    Solid black fur
    All-white coat
    Spotted markings
  • Which occupational category uses human relation and communication skills to provide economic guidance?
    Marketing, merchandising, and sales representatives
    Medical specialists
    Social services professionals
    Managers and financial specialists
  • 13. Market animals are selected for:
    Color patterns
    Pedigree only
    Muscle, frame, finish
    Age only
  • During which stage of the reproductive cycle does the fetus develop in the uterus?
    Lactation
    Puberty
    Parturition
    Gestation
  • In birds, which ovary is responsible for ovum production?
    The vestigial ovary
    The right ovary
    The left ovary
    Both ovaries equally
  • 6. A low feed-to-gain ratio means an animal:
    Has poor structure
    Converts feed efficiently
    Produces excess fat
    Eats more but grows less
  • In which voting method do members vote by speaking aloud?
    Ballot
    Rising
    Roll call
    Voice
  • A chicken egg is being candled on Day 12 of incubation. According to the development stages, which feature should the observer expect to be visible or fully formed?
    Only some tissue development is visible.
    The yolk sac is drawn into the body cavity.
    The chick is performing internal and external pip.
    Toe nails are visible and toes are fully formed.
  • Which officer educates the public about wildlife, investigates wildlife crimes, and assists in management research?
    Conservation officer
    Groomer
    Animal welfare officer
    Cooperative extension agent
  • Observing the rule of the majority requires how many members entitled to vote to agree before action is taken?
    Over half
    Two-thirds
    Less than half
    One-third
  • 25. Why should producers maximize growth, reproduction, and health?
    Eliminates genetic diversity
    Prevents law enforcement
    Reduces feed quality
    Increases profitability
  • 37. Oral reasons must be:
    Longer than 5 minutes
    Accurate and organized
    Delivered with no eye contact
    Based on opinions only
  • 4. The U.S. is the world’s largest consumer of:
    Beef
    Pork
    Turkey
    Eggs
  • Which method of voting extends anonymity?
    Rising
    Voice
    Ballot
    Roll call
  • 13. Corn, wheat, oats, and barley are sources of:
    Water
    Minerals
    Carbohydrates
    Protein
  • Urea is an example of a synthetic nitrogen source used to provide which nutrient?
    Carbohydrates
    Protein
    Fats
    Vitamins
  • On which day of incubation does the embryo begin to breathe through the air cell and is referred to as a chick?
    Day 21
    Day 1
    Day 7
    Day 20
  • If the left oviduct of a female mammal is blocked, an egg released from the left ovary would be unable to participate in which critical reproductive event?
    Oogenesis (egg production)
    Fertilization
    Implantation
    Hormone production
  • 6. Animals like cats and ferrets that eat animal-based diets are:
    Omnivores
    Carnivores
    Herbivores
    Ruminants
  • What is the general term for the act of giving birth?
    Kindling
    Parturition
    Gestation
    Lactation
  • The act of giving birth in dogs is known as:
    Farrowing
    Whelping
    Kindling
    Lambing
  • Before semen is transported through the urethra, the Cowper's gland secretes a fluid. What is the primary purpose of this fluid?
    To filter all fluid flowing through the urethra.
    To store the mature sperm cells before ejaculation.
    To produce the majority of the fluid volume for transport.
    To clean and neutralize the urethra, making it safe for the sperm.
  • A farmer observes a pregnant cow has just expelled the first water bag. According to the parturition process, what is the expected next major event in the calving process?
    Increased estrogen causes uterine contraction.
    The afterbirth is expelled several hours later.
    The second water bag containing the fetus breaks open.
    The act of fertilization occurs in the oviduct.
  • 17. A desirable swine muscle type includes:
    Narrow top
    Round short muscle
    Weak muscling
    Long and flatter muscle
  • 31. The Dutch rabbit is known for:
    Its unique color belt pattern
    Very long hair
    Blue eyes only
    All-white fur
  • 21. The widest part of a well-muscled hog should be the:
    Topline
    Lower ham
    Neck
    Shoulder
  • Which motion is used to bring a lapse in parliamentary procedure to the chair’s attention?
    Point of Order
    Adjourn
    Previous Question
    Division of Assembly
  • 11. Pork exports average how many pounds per year?
    Over 7 billion
    500 million
    Under 1 million
    100,000
  • What process involves shining a light through an egg to examine the embryo for a dark spot and development of blood vessels?
    Rotation
    Incubation
    Palpation
    Candling
  • After a period of embryological development, what is the developing animal referred to as?
    Zygote
    Follicle
    Embryo
    Fetus
  • 7. Replacement heifers should have which temperament?
    Easily stressed
    Aggressive behavior
    Quiet disposition
    Nervous and flighty
  • Which durable skill is defined by "new ideas and novel solutions"?
    Communication
    Character
    Creativity
    Collaboration
  • 16. Average market lamb weight is:
    1300 pounds
    125 pounds
    50 pounds
    270 pounds
  • 19. Pedigree refers to:
    Market weight
    Animal ancestry
    Growth rate
    Coat pattern
  • 30. Pet sales generate how much annually?
    $2.1 billion
    $50,000
    $100 million
    $10 billion
  • 12. Feeding GMOs to animals is an example of ________.
    Natural management
    Animal welfare violation
    Biotechnology use
    Animal rights policy
  • 2. A single feed component that supports life is known as a:
    Supplement
    Diet
    Roughage
    Nutrient
  • Which organ serves little to no function for most ruminant animals?
    Abomasum
    Cecum
    Large intestine
    Small intestine
  • Which accessory organ is the largest gland in the body and produces bile that acts on fats?
    Spleen
    Pancreas
    Gallbladder
    Liver
  • 15. Boer goats are raised for:
    Fiber
    Meat
    Guarding livestock
    Dairy
  • 28. WW in EPDs stands for:
    Wool weight
    Width of withers
    Winter weight
    Weaning weight
  • If the muscular tissue in a male's scrotum fails to respond to a decrease in ambient temperature, what is the primary risk to the reproductive function?
    Testosterone production will cease completely.
    The penis will be unable to retract inside the sheath.
    The testicles will remain too low, which can negatively affect sperm production.
    The urethra will not be properly neutralized by the Cowper’s gland.
  • 29. Swine and poultry diets are composed mostly of:
    Roughages
    Minerals
    Concentrates
    Silage
  • 11. The primary source of energy in livestock feeds is:
    Water
    Minerals
    Carbohydrates
    Vitamins
  • 35. Pork usually has only two quality grades:
    Standard and Select
    Acceptable and Utility
    Prime and Choice
    None
  • 32. The English Spot rabbit is recognized by:
    Solid color
    Long wool coat
    A chain of spots
    Dwarf size
  • 15. Evenly balanced quarters and well-placed teats indicate:
    Poor milking ability
    Abnormal teats
    High-quality udder structure
    Low milk quality
  • What nutrient is the primary source of energy, made up of sugars, starches, and cellulose?
    Proteins
    Vitamins
    Fats and oils
    Carbohydrates
  • 1. Food animal products account for what portion of total annual agricultural cash receipts?
    Exactly one-third
    Declining each year
    Less than 10%
    Over half
  • 12. Top hog-producing states include:
    Colorado, Maine, Georgia
    Iowa, Minnesota, North Carolina
    Nevada, Utah, Arizona
    Texas, Washington, Kentucky
  • 27. Productive layers have:
    Darkened eyelids
    No bleaching
    Strong yellow beaks
    Bright, round eyes
  • What is business that was unfinished from a previous meeting called?
    Unfinished business
    Treasurer’s report
    New business
    Standing committee reports
  • 40. U.S. pork yield grades include:
    A–D
    No. 1–4 and Utility
    Prime–Canner
    1–20 scale
  • 8. Replacement heifers should be genetically predisposed to:
    Low fertility
    Large amounts of backfat
    Poor calving ease
    Quality udders and milking ability
  • 4. Decisions about welfare laws should be based on ________.
    Celebrity endorsements
    Social media trends
    Public opinion polls
    Scientific information
  • What type of animals have stomachs that are divided into multiple chambers and digest large amounts of roughages?
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Avian species
    Monogastric animals
    Ruminants
  • Which part of the ruminant stomach is responsible for grinding and squeezing roughage to remove liquid?
    Reticulum
    Abomasum
    Omasum
    Rumen
  • A veterinarian assists with a difficult birth and finds the fetus is presenting hips first, rather than front feet and nose. According to the material, what is the correct classification for this situation?
    The result of a premature birth, which is usually harmless.
    A sign that gestation was too long.
    Normal presentation for this stage of birth.
    Abnormal presentation that could cause severe problems.
  • Which specialist researches target consumers and designs advertising campaigns for animal-related products?
    Animal trainer
    Financial analyst
    Product marketing specialist
    Pharmaceutical sales representative