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Animal Science I Exam Review

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  • 6. Structural soundness is based on:
    Skin color
    Tail length
    Hair texture
    Feet, legs, and bone structure
  • What is the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth?
    Supplement
    Nutrition
    Ration
    Diet
  • Which structure is the site of fertilized egg implantation and fetal development until birth?
    Vagina
    Cervix
    Oviduct
    Uterus
  • 1. The process of providing food necessary for health and growth is called:
    Absorption
    Nutrition
    Digestion
    Ration
  • 21. Sporting dog breeds are best described as:
    Scent-hunting hounds
    Toy-sized lap dogs
    Hunting dogs that need exercise
    Draft-pulling dogs
  • Which ration is used to address the production of milk, eggs, or wool?
    Maintenance ration
    Fattening ration
    Growth ration
    Production ration
  • 8. Frame size compares animals of similar:
    Sex only
    Production data
    Breed only
    Age
  • Unused carbohydrates in the animal's body are stored as which nutrient?
    Fat
    Cellulose
    Water
    Protein
  • Which type of animal contains specialized structures such as the crop, proventriculus, and gizzard to soften and grind food?
    Ruminants
    Avian species
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Monogastric animals
  • What is the sequence followed in conducting a business meeting?
    Agenda
    Treasurer’s report
    Standing committee report
    Order of business
  • A veterinarian suspects a sick cow is suffering from Hardware Disease. Which stomach compartment should a small magnet be inserted into for prevention, and what is its interior lining described as?
    Reticulum; Honeycomb
    Rumen; Carpet
    Abomasum; Smoothest
    Omasum; Many layers of tissue
  • 6. A low feed-to-gain ratio means an animal:
    Eats more but grows less
    Produces excess fat
    Converts feed efficiently
    Has poor structure
  • What is considered by many to be the most important nutrient, making up 40–80% of an animal's body?
    Carbohydrate
    Fat
    Protein
    Water
  • 18. Trimness in swine means being:
    Short-bodied
    Heavy in waste
    Clean over loin edge
    Thick in backfat
  • Which part of the ruminant stomach is responsible for grinding and squeezing roughage to remove liquid?
    Omasum
    Reticulum
    Abomasum
    Rumen
  • What term describes the length of time during which a female is pregnant?
    Puberty
    Parturition
    Lactation
    Gestation
  • Speeches given with little or no preparation are known as what?
    Prepared
    Extemporaneous
    Persuasive
    Informative
  • 24. Rations used for milk, eggs, or wool production are:
    Production rations
    Growth rations
    Maintenance rations
    Work rations
  • 14. Fats and oils provide how much more energy than carbohydrates?
    Same amount
    10 times
    4 times
    2–2.25 times
  • 25. Toy dog breeds are characterized as:
    Small and not needing much space
    Herding specialists
    Cold-weather workers
    Strong scent trackers
  • What is the term for partially digested feed that is acidic, semifluid, gray, and pulpy, produced in the stomach and sent to the small intestine?
    Villi
    Enzymes
    Bolus
    Chyme
  • Which is the correct normal presentation for a fetus at the beginning of parturition?
    Hips first, tail tucked
    Back legs first, head resting on back
    Front feet first, nose tucked between front legs
    Shoulders first, head back
  • Which specialist supervises and leads an animal-related company’s operations and employees?
    Financial analyst
    Business manager
    Pet insurance agent
    Product marketing specialist
  • What is the lowest level of the FFA structure in North Carolina?
    Region
    Federation
    North Carolina Association
    Local chapter
  • The rumen and reticulum together make up what percentage of the ruminant stomach capacity?
    25%
    100%
    50%
    85%
  • 34. Intact male animals are typically:
    Smaller framed
    Less muscular
    Feminine-headed
    More muscular
  • 23. Working dogs are used for:
    Egg production
    Lapdog companionship
    Hunting small game
    Jobs like drafting or guarding
  • What type of event is designed to build career skills of FFA members?
    Proficiency Awards
    Career Development Events (CDE)
    Leadership Development Events (LDE)
    Program of Activities (POA)
  • What nutrient is the primary source of energy, made up of sugars, starches, and cellulose?
    Vitamins
    Carbohydrates
    Fats and oils
    Proteins
  • 13. Market animals are selected for:
    Age only
    Pedigree only
    Muscle, frame, finish
    Color patterns
  • Which motion is used to change a motion by striking out, adding, or substituting words?
    Main motion
    Previous Question
    Amendment
    Adjourn
  • A nutritionist is formulating a diet for an adult lactating dairy cow. To encourage high milk production, the ration should be formulated to be high in which three specific components?
    Water, urea, and cellulose
    Fat, copper, and salt
    Protein, calcium, and phosphorus
    Carbohydrates, iron, and Vitamins B
  • What is the minimum recommended frequency for rotating fertilized eggs during incubation?
    At least 3 times a day
    Once every 24 hours
    Only when candling
    Only on Day 18
  • 18. Meat meal and fish meal are examples of:
    Roughages
    Vitamins
    Animal protein sources
    Carbohydrates
  • 8. Replacement heifers should be genetically predisposed to:
    Poor calving ease
    Low fertility
    Large amounts of backfat
    Quality udders and milking ability
  • A speech given to provide information is what type of speech?
    Extemporaneous
    Informative
    Prepared
    Persuasive
  • In birds, which ovary is responsible for ovum production?
    Both ovaries equally
    The vestigial ovary
    The right ovary
    The left ovary
  • 9. Since 1990, the number of hog farms has:
    Been banned in several states
    Stayed the same
    Doubled
    Declined by over 70%
  • 1. The Angus breed is known for which trait?
    Red color
    High carcass quality
    Heat intolerance
    Long ears
  • Which male organ carries seminal fluids and sperm cells to the cloaca?
    Papilla
    Vas deferens
    Urethra
    Infundibulum
  • 5. Feeder cattle should have a high:
    Backfat thickness
    Somatic cell score
    Average daily gain
    Calving difficulty
  • A producer is trying to increase the body mass (muscle and tissue) of young beef cattle before sale. Which specific type of ration should the cattle primarily be receiving to meet this goal?
    Growth ration
    Maintenance ration
    Reproduction ration
    Fattening ration
  • Which professional provides basic care for animals in veterinary clinics, adoption shelters, or boarding facilities?
    Groomer
    Kennel attendant
    Conservation officer
    Wildlife rehabilitator
  • 10. Animals showing appropriate masculine or feminine traits reflect:
    Finish
    Muscling
    Breed and sex character
    Balance
  • Which accessory organ is not present in a horse?
    Liver
    Gallbladder
    Pancreas
    Spleen
  • In which voting method do members vote by speaking aloud?
    Ballot
    Roll call
    Voice
    Rising
  • 33. The Netherland Dwarf rabbit is known for:
    Wool production
    Spotted chain pattern
    Large body size
    Very small size
  • What are the small finger-like projections in the intestinal wall that increase surface area and aid in digestive absorption?
    Bolus
    Chyme
    Villi
    Microbes
  • Which occupational category uses human relation and communication skills to provide economic guidance?
    Marketing, merchandising, and sales representatives
    Medical specialists
    Managers and financial specialists
    Social services professionals
  • 2. Excessive milk production in cows may reduce:
    Rebreeding success
    Udder size
    Weaning weights
    Feed intake
  • What is the purpose of parliamentary procedure regarding speech during a meeting?
    Only one member may speak at a time
    Two members may speak at a time
    Members may speak without recognition
    Only officers may speak
  • Why is size of operations increasing?
    Economies of scale needed to stay competitive
    Animals require more land
    Farmers prefer larger fields
    Government restricts small farms
  • Which occupational category uses communication and technology skills to trade animal-related products?
    Marketing, merchandising, and sales representatives
    Medical specialists
    Social services professionals
    Managers and financial specialists
  • 26. EPDs compare animals based on:
    Hair type
    Market weight
    Genetic potential
    Color
  • 14. A well-attached udder should be held:
    Even with the hocks
    Touching the ground
    Above the hocks
    Below the hocks
  • Which two motions listed do not require recognition from the chair to speak?
    Point of Order and Division
    Main Motion and Amendment
    Adjourn and Previous Question
    Treasurer's Report and New Business
  • 5. Top beef-producing states include:
    Iowa, Ohio, Georgia
    Nebraska, Texas, Kansas
    Maine, Idaho, Hawaii
    Florida, Utah, Oregon
  • What degree results after an additional two years at a college or university and requires a project or thesis?
    Associate degree
    Master’s degree
    Doctoral degree
    Bachelor’s degree
  • 35. Comparative notes compare animals:
    Only at the end
    By age alone
    In each pair
    Only by color
  • 17. Companion animal selection is NOT based on:
    Health
    Conformation
    Processed product traits
    Behavior
  • Urea is an example of a synthetic nitrogen source used to provide which nutrient?
    Vitamins
    Fats
    Carbohydrates
    Protein
  • 16. Proteins are primarily made up of:
    Lipids
    Vitamins
    Amino acids
    Sugars
  • 2. What must be provided for proper animal welfare?
    Access to outdoor pasture only
    Housing, sanitation, nutrition, water & vet care
    Unlimited space only
    Minimal food and water only
  • What does the Plow symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    Labor and tillage of the soil
    National scope of the FFA and freedom
    Knowledge and wisdom
    Common agricultural interest and unity
  • What trend is occurring with the average age of farm operators?
    It stays the same
    It is increasing
    It is random
    It is decreasing
  • 37. An immature female is called a:
    Steer
    Heifer (cattle example)
    Sow
    Bull
  • Which is an example of a limited-ingredient pet food trend?
    Artificial dyes
    Multi-protein blends
    Single-source protein
    High-fat kibble
  • 11. Yorkshire swine are known for:
    Red body
    White color and erect ears
    Black body
    Belted appearance
  • 19. The U.S. pet industry provides approximately how many jobs?
    50,000
    10,000
    400,000
    1.3 million
  • A rancher wants to maximize the conversion of low-quality forage protein into essential amino acids for his cattle. Which stomach compartment, the primary site for microbial fermentation, is responsible for this critical conversion?
    Reticulum
    Abomasum
    Rumen
    Omasum
  • What are the three parts of an Agricultural Education program?
    Banquets, Conventions, and Conferences
    CDE, LDE, and SAE
    President, Vice President, and Secretary
    Classroom instruction, SAE, and FFA
  • 40. U.S. pork yield grades include:
    Prime–Canner
    No. 1–4 and Utility
    A–D
    1–20 scale
  • Swine, dogs, and cats are examples of which type of animal with a single-compartment stomach?
    Ruminants
    Monogastric animals
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Avian species
  • 16. Nubian goats are known for being:
    Wool producers
    Dairy animals
    Rare pets
    Meat animals
  • 10. A feed added for a specific nutrient or purpose is a:
    Roughage
    Supplement
    Additive
    Concentrate
  • Which technology helps owners view pets when away?
    Dog cameras
    Anti-shedding lamps
    Noise blockers
    Motion collars
  • 3. Well-muscled animals show fullness in the:
    Hooves
    Back, loin, and rump
    Face
    Tail
  • 25. Why should producers maximize growth, reproduction, and health?
    Reduces feed quality
    Increases profitability
    Eliminates genetic diversity
    Prevents law enforcement
  • The avian ovary produces which two hormones?
    Insulin and thyroxine
    Testosterone and adrenaline
    Oxytocin and prolactin
    Estrogen and progesterone
  • 9. Duroc swine are typically:
    Black with white belt
    Spotted
    All white with erect ears
    Red with drooped ears
  • What is business that was unfinished from a previous meeting called?
    Treasurer’s report
    New business
    Standing committee reports
    Unfinished business
  • 20. Average Daily Gain measures:
    Exercise level
    Weight gain over time
    Appetite
    Bone growth
  • 24. Broilers should have desirable feathers and:
    Black feathers
    Large breast meat
    Crooked toes
    Green shanks
  • 15. Top broiler states include:
    Georgia, North Carolina, Arkansas
    Ohio, Florida, Oregon
    Maine, Montana, Hawaii
    Kansas, Utah, Nevada
  • 40. During reasons, grants and criticisms are given to:
    Acknowledge strengths and faults
    Lengthen the speech
    Replace comparisons
    Confuse the judge
  • 22. What fraction of U.S. households owns at least one pet?
    Two-thirds
    One-tenth
    One-half
    One-fourth
  • A pig swallows a mouthful of starchy feed. The salivary amylase begins to break down starch into maltose. In which organ will the action of this salivary amylase be stopped by the presence of hydrochloric acid?
    Esophagus
    Large Intestine
    Stomach
    Duodenum (small intestine)
  • 8. Feed with more than 18% crude fiber is classified as:
    Concentrate
    Roughage
    Supplement
    Protein feed
  • 18. Top turkey states include:
    Oregon, Nevada, Arizona
    Colorado, Idaho, Maine
    Florida, Georgia, Texas
    North Carolina, Minnesota, Indiana
  • 18. Additional selection criteria include:
    Age, temperament, feeding needs
    Weight only
    Coat color only
    Breed only
  • 13. Corn, wheat, oats, and barley are sources of:
    Protein
    Carbohydrates
    Minerals
    Water
  • What is the process of grasping feed with lips, tongue, and/or teeth?
    Peristalsis
    Digestion
    Prehension
    Rumination
  • 7. Animals that eat both plant and animal material are:
    Producers
    Herbivores
    Omnivores
    Carnivores
  • Which professional assists veterinarians in diagnosing and treating animals in private clinics and research facilities?
    Veterinary technician
    Zoologist
    Veterinarian
    Financial analyst
  • Which method of voting involves calling each member’s name?
    Roll call
    Voice
    Rising
    Ballot
  • 22. The groove along a hog’s top indicates:
    Bone weakness
    Lack of finish
    Poor structure
    Muscling of the loin
  • Which two groups of animals have diets that are composed primarily of concentrates?
    Swine and poultry
    Cattle and goats
    Dogs and cats
    Horses and rabbits
  • What is the most commonly grown grain in the United States?
    Oats
    Barley
    Wheat
    Corn
  • What action is used in the cecum of hind-gut fermenters to break down roughages?
    Secretion of hydrochloric acid
    Physical chewing
    Microbial action
    Reverse peristalsis
  • Which type of speech is given to change or sway the mind of the audience?
    Extemporaneous
    Persuasive
    Prepared
    Informative
  • 25. Broiler defects include:
    Evenly spaced teats
    Full pigmentation
    Bruises or watery blisters
    Soft and flexible abdomen
  • 21. ADG = (Final weight – Initial weight) ÷:
    Days between weights
    Frame size
    Age
    Feed per day
  • 23. What percent of households own at least one dog?
    20%
    10%
    75%
    48%
  • 20. The U.S. pet industry generates more than how much in salaries and wages?
    $60 billion
    $5 million
    $600 million
    $1 billion
  • Which university employee develops and delivers educational programs to assist people in agriculture and healthy living?
    Cooperative extension agent
    Agricultural education teacher
    Business manager
    Financial analyst
  • 38. The rump of an animal is located:
    Between the loin and tail
    Above the hock
    Between ribs and belly
    Between neck and ribs
  • 29. Culling refers to removing animals with:
    Strong genetics
    Good temperament
    High traits
    Poor traits
  • 5. Finish refers to the amount of:
    Bone
    Fat
    Marbling
    Muscle
  • 3. The total amount and kind of feed given to an animal in 24 hours is the:
    Concentrate
    Nutrient
    Diet
    Ration
  • 7. When was the Animal Welfare Act originally passed?
    2008
    1966
    1985
    1950
  • What degree is usually conferred upon the completion of a two-year degree program?
    Bachelor’s degree
    Doctoral degree
    Master’s degree
    Associate degree
  • What vote is required for motions that take away privileges?
    Roll call vote
    Two-thirds vote
    Majority vote
    Voice vote
  • Personal and professional conduct is the explanation for which durable skill?
    Collaboration
    Character
    Communication
    Mindfulness
  • What is the "true stomach" in avian species where gastric acids and enzymes aid in the digestive process?
    Proventriculus
    Crop
    Cloaca
    Gizzard
  • What feed material is included for a specific purpose, such as improving palatability or reducing dust?
    Supplements
    Carbohydrates
    Concentrates
    Roughages
  • A veterinary student is dissecting the digestive tract of a horse. Based on the material, what accessory organ, which stores bile in many other species, should the student expect to find missing?
    Liver
    Spleen
    Gallbladder
    Pancreas
  • A feed mill accidentally included excessive molasses (a supplement) in a feed batch. What two properties of the feed are MOST likely to be affected by this mistake?
    Microbial activity and energy value
    Palatability (taste) and reduced dust
    Vitamin concentration and mineral balance
    Crude fiber level and moisture level
  • 22. Hound breeds are recognized for:
    Strong scent abilities
    Guarding flocks
    Herding livestock
    Pulling sleds
  • 31. Companion animals should show adequate:
    Aggression
    Fear responses
    Energy levels
    Unpredictability
  • Which officer presides over meetings and sits beside the rising sun?
    Vice President
    President
    Reporter
    Secretary
  • What is the common term for the illness caused by cattle swallowing foreign objects like nails or wire?
    Gastric illness
    Hardware disease
    Omasum blockage
    Microbial imbalance
  • What is the first event of the parturition process mentioned to be caused by increased estrogen?
    Uterus muscles contract
    First water bag appears
    Second water bag breaks
    Afterbirth is expelled
  • 29. Pet products generate how much annually?
    $500,000
    $100 million
    $14.5 billion
    $200 billion
  • In which part of the oviduct is the calcified shell formed and the pigment of the cuticle applied?
    Uterus
    Infundibulum
    Isthmus
    Cloaca
  • How many ceca do birds typically have, unlike most other animals?
    Three
    Zero
    One
    Two
  • What can be used on occasion to help restore order during a meeting?
    One tap
    Two taps
    Three taps
    A series of taps
  • 12. Top hog-producing states include:
    Texas, Washington, Kentucky
    Nevada, Utah, Arizona
    Iowa, Minnesota, North Carolina
    Colorado, Maine, Georgia
  • A male bird has a reproductive dysfunction where the seminal fluids and sperm cells are not successfully transported from the testicles to the cloaca for copulation. Which tube is MOST likely blocked or non-functional?
    Urethra
    Vas deferens
    Papilla
    Oviduct
  • 39. The summary of reasons should provide:
    A repeat of entire reasons
    A final statement
    Random comments
    New data
  • 13. Merino sheep are known for:
    Wool production
    Spot patterns
    Small frame size
    Meat production
  • 6. What federal law sets standards for minimum animal care?
    Wildlife Restoration Act
    Clean Water Act
    Food Safety Act
    Animal Welfare Act
  • 20. Inorganic materials needed in small amounts for body processes are:
    Amino acids
    Minerals
    Vitamins
    Carbohydrates
  • Which motion is used to end debate on a motion?
    Adjourn
    Previous Question
    Division of Assembly
    Point of Order
  • Which part of the oviduct is where the egg white (thick albumen) is applied?
    Infundibulum
    Magnum
    Isthmus
    Cloaca
  • What diet trend is popular due to health and well-being concerns?
    Increased canned food
    Reduced water intake
    Specialty pet diets
    Higher fat foods
  • 17. Turkeys make up what percent of poultry sales?
    12%
    75%
    50%
    2%
  • The consideration of "who" you are going to present to is referred to as what element of speech preparation?
    Audience
    Occasion
    Purpose
    Outline
  • What is the term for feed ingredients with crude fiber levels over 18%?
    Grains
    Supplements
    Concentrates
    Roughages
  • What are the building blocks of protein that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen?
    Amino acids
    Bile
    Fatty acids
    Carbohydrates
  • What genetic service is increasing for companion animals?
    Pet DNA testing
    Microchip removal
    Hair-pattern analysis
    Breed replacement
  • Which officer educates the public about wildlife, investigates wildlife crimes, and assists in management research?
    Animal welfare officer
    Groomer
    Conservation officer
    Cooperative extension agent
  • What is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the digestive tract, aided by villi?
    Small intestine
    Stomach
    Large intestine
    Cecum
  • 17. A desirable swine muscle type includes:
    Narrow top
    Round short muscle
    Long and flatter muscle
    Weak muscling
  • 1. What is the definition of animal welfare?
    Use of animals for entertainment only
    Maximum production of animals
    Genetic modification of animals
    Humane care & treatment of animals
  • 15. Boer goats are raised for:
    Dairy
    Meat
    Fiber
    Guarding livestock
  • 27. American Shorthair cats typically show:
    Only solid colors
    No tabby patterns
    Many color patterns
    Long fur
  • 10. A pedigree identifies:
    Maternal and paternal lines
    Udder score
    Feed intake history
    Coat color changes
  • 32. USDA beef grades indicate:
    Sanitation
    Breed
    Quality
    Health
  • 18. Rhode Island Reds are known for:
    Laying brown eggs
    Being a broiler breed
    Having white plumage
    Laying white eggs
  • 26. Herding dogs are known for:
    Pulling sleds
    Hunting rabbits
    Controlling movement of livestock
    Catching rodents
  • Which animals have diets that are mostly comprised of roughages, such as cattle, sheep, and goats?
    Ruminants
    Dogs and cats
    Swine and poultry
    Reptiles and amphibians
  • What classification of animal eats an animal-based diet?
    Omnivore
    Herbivore
    Monogastric
    Carnivore
  • Soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and alfalfa meal are examples of which type of protein source?
    Plant sources
    Synthetic sources
    Animal sources
    Mineral sources
  • 12. Carbohydrates are found in the largest quantities in:
    Fats
    Forages
    Minerals
    Cereal grains
  • Which officer keeps financial records and sits beside the emblem of Washington?
    Treasurer
    Vice President
    President
    Secretary
  • What organic compounds, made up of amino acids, supply material to build body tissues like muscles, skin, and hair?
    Proteins
    Vitamins
    Carbohydrates
    Minerals
  • 19. Organic compounds that regulate body functions and are known by letters are:
    Minerals
    Sugars
    Vitamins
    Proteins
  • 8. When was the most recent revision of the Animal Welfare Act?
    2020
    1966
    2008
    1995
  • The act of giving birth in cats is known as:
    Kidding
    Whelping
    Calving
    Queening
  • 16. Which housing is controversial for sows?
    Free-range barns
    Gestation crates
    Pasture shelters
    Deep bedding systems
  • 4. The U.S. is the world’s largest consumer of:
    Beef
    Turkey
    Pork
    Eggs
  • What does farm consolidation typically lead to?
    Fewer farms that are larger in size
    Lower production efficiency
    Fewer government regulations
    More small independent farms
  • An animal is fed a diet high in soybean meal, fish meal, and dried milk. The animal is being supplied with ample amounts of the building blocks containing nitrogen. What major nutrient is being emphasized in this diet?
    Fats and oils
    Minerals
    Proteins (amino acids)
    Carbohydrates
  • The motion to adjourn takes precedence over all other motions.
    Only over the Main Motion
    FALSE
    Only over Amendments
    TRUE
  • What type of events are designed to develop communication skills?
    Leadership Development Events (LDE)
    Program of Activities (POA)
    Career Development Events (CDE)
    Proficiency Awards
  • What is required before purchasing an exotic species?
    Check with state wildlife authorities
    Request a pet store coupon
    Ask local grocery stores
    Contact a livestock auction
  • 17. Caged layers refers to confinement of which animals?
    Swine
    Sheep
    Poultry
    Goats
  • What does the Eagle symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    The national scope of the FFA and freedom
    Common agricultural interest and unity
    Labor and tillage of the soil
    Knowledge and wisdom
  • What organization was formed in 1935?
    North Carolina FFA Association
    New Farmers of America (NFA)
    National FFA Alumni Association
    Future Farmers of America
  • Which part of the ruminant stomach is the only functional portion when the animal is born?
    Rumen
    Reticulum
    Abomasum
    Omasum
  • 28. High-producing layers have:
    Rigid abdomen
    Large body capacity
    Narrow pubic bones
    Thick, rough shanks
  • 4. Brahman cattle are well known for their:
    Short ears
    Heat tolerance and insect resistance
    Small frame size
    High butterfat milk
  • 7. Jersey cattle produce:
    Large framed offspring
    High butterfat milk
    Highest milk quantity
    Large litters
  • 8. Top dairy states include:
    Georgia, Kansas, Nevada
    Florida, Maine, Texas
    Oregon, Alaska, Arizona
    California, Wisconsin, Idaho
  • 5. Simmental cattle have:
    Always red with white face
    Always solid black
    A belt pattern
    No set color pattern
  • 21. The nutrient that makes up 40–80% of an animal’s body is:
    Fat
    Protein
    Minerals
    Water
  • 19. Beak trimming is commonly performed on ________.
    Sheep
    Poultry
    Dogs
    Cattle
  • What classification of animal eats a plant-based diet?
    Carnivore
    Herbivore
    Omnivore
    Ruminant
  • 4. A flat appearance with visible bone edges indicates:
    High capacity
    Poor muscling
    Good balance
    Heavy finish
  • Observing the rule of the majority requires how many members entitled to vote to agree before action is taken?
    Over half
    One-third
    Less than half
    Two-thirds
  • A goose egg has been placed in an incubator alongside chicken and turkey eggs. If all were set on the same day, on which approximate day should the goose egg be expected to hatch, relative to the chicken egg?
    At the same time (28 days)
    About 10 days earlier
    At the same time as the turkey egg, but later than the chicken egg
    About 7 days later (28–33 days vs. 21 days)
  • 9. Feed with less than 18% crude fiber is a:
    Vitamin
    Roughage
    Mineral
    Concentrate
  • 38. During reasons, the presenter should:
    Whisper softly
    Use correct terminology
    Avoid comparative terms
    Skip the introduction
  • What is the main function of the large intestine in the digestive process?
    Converts protein into amino acids
    Absorbs water and adds mucus to form feces
    Primary site of nutrient absorption
    Secretes hydrochloric acid
  • A farmer observes a pregnant cow has just expelled the first water bag. According to the parturition process, what is the expected next major event in the calving process?
    Increased estrogen causes uterine contraction.
    The second water bag containing the fetus breaks open.
    The afterbirth is expelled several hours later.
    The act of fertilization occurs in the oviduct.
  • 40. The poll of an animal is the:
    Rear leg muscle
    Tail tip
    Top of the head
    Rump area
  • Which occupational category uses communication skills to share information about the animal industry?
    Social services professionals
    Scientists, engineers, and related specialists
    Education, communication, and information specialists
    Animal production specialists
  • 16. Egg-producing states include:
    Iowa, Georgia, Ohio
    Maryland, Alabama, Colorado
    Texas, California, Florida
    Utah, Nevada, Arizona
  • A kitten needs an extremely high-protein diet for muscle and tissue development. Compared to an adult dog, how much protein does the material indicate a cat needs?
    Twice as much protein as a dog
    Protein that is strictly plant-based
    The same amount of protein as a dog
    Less protein than a dog
  • Where are the testicles of the male avian species stored?
    Inside the cloaca
    Just below the papilla
    In an external scrotum
    Inside the body cavity
  • What year was the National FFA Organization established?
    1935
    1928
    1965
    1969
  • 12. Feeding GMOs to animals is an example of ________.
    Animal welfare violation
    Biotechnology use
    Animal rights policy
    Natural management
  • 19. Swine reproductive efficiency includes:
    Breast muscle width
    Feather condition
    Number of pigs born
    Growth plate angle
  • On which day of incubation does the embryo begin to breathe through the air cell and is referred to as a chick?
    Day 7
    Day 20
    Day 1
    Day 21
  • 26. What percent of households own reptiles?
    50%
    4%
    20%
    0%
  • An animal is diagnosed with a deficiency in the pancreatic enzyme Lipase. This deficiency would directly impact the breakdown of which major nutrient into fatty acids?
    Proteins
    Sugars
    Starches
    Fats
  • The act of giving birth in sheep is known as:
    Kindling
    Lambing
    Whelping
    Calving
  • What term refers to animals raised using sunlight, grazing, and open fields?
    Indoor-fed
    Grain-restricted
    Mechanically supplemented
    Pasture-raised
  • What is the location of the junction for the urinary, reproductive, and digestive systems prior to excretion in birds?
    Papilla
    Cloaca
    Testicles
    Infundibulum
  • 33. Amphibians and reptiles primarily eat:
    Roughages
    Mineral blocks
    Animal proteins
    Grains
  • Which is an example of a hybrid dog?
    German Shepherd
    Labradoodle
    Bloodhound
    Beagle
  • 29. Companion animals should be free of:
    Minor shedding
    Natural coat variation
    Skin or fur issues
    Distinct breed markings
  • What types of individual awards are based on a student's SAE program?
    Proficiency Awards
    State Champion Awards
    Presidential Awards
    Leadership Awards
  • 36. The top pair in a class includes:
    Second and third
    Third and fourth
    First and fourth
    First and second place
  • 28. Diets for cattle, sheep, and goats consist mostly of:
    Oils
    Supplements
    Concentrates
    Roughages
  • Which durable skill is defined as "directing efforts and delivering results"?
    Character
    Creativity
    Leadership
    Fortitude
  • Which trend has influenced the poultry industry?
    Reduction of feed efficiency
    Decrease in poultry demand
    Increase in poultry consumption
    Elimination of poultry farms
  • Why is it difficult for new farmers to start operations?
    Lack of interest
    Surplus of farmland
    Too many government grants
    High financial capital required
  • A young female pig reaches the age where she is capable of conception and carrying a litter. What is the biological term for the stage of development she has reached?
    Gestation
    Farrowing
    Lactation
    Puberty
  • Which compartment of the ruminant stomach has an interior lining that resembles a honeycomb pattern?
    Omasum
    Rumen
    Abomasum
    Reticulum
  • Which specialist researches target consumers and designs advertising campaigns for animal-related products?
    Pharmaceutical sales representative
    Animal trainer
    Product marketing specialist
    Financial analyst
  • The durable skill of Fortitude is described as what?
    Information exchange and management
    Teamwork and connection
    Constitution and inspiration
    Self-understanding and personal management
  • What does regenerative agriculture emphasize?
    Maximum chemical application
    Permanent confinement
    Improving soil and ecosystem health
    Eliminating all livestock
  • 14. Dorset sheep are considered:
    Dual-purpose
    Dairy
    Wool only
    Meat only
  • What is the reproductive process where the sperm and egg cells unite?
    Parturition
    Fertilization
    Implantation
    Ovulation
  • 7. Body capacity is evaluated by the animal’s:
    Ear length
    Rib depth
    Head size
    Tail width
  • 15. Average beef cattle market weight is:
    270 pounds
    500 pounds
    75 pounds
    1300 pounds
  • 21. Which practice reduces horns in cattle?
    Trimming
    Dehorning
    Branding
    Tail docking
  • After a period of embryological development, what is the developing animal referred to as?
    Fetus
    Embryo
    Follicle
    Zygote
  • 32. Rabbits and pocket pets do best on:
    Large amounts of leafy vegetables
    Only fruits
    Only grains
    Pelleted commercial feeds
  • On which day of incubation should egg rotation be stopped?
    Day 1
    Day 21
    Day 7
    Day 18
  • What avian organ is used to peck and take in feed whole because birds do not have teeth?
    Beak
    Crop
    Gizzard
    Proventriculus
  • Which trend relates to purchasing pet food online?
    Government-issued feed
    Subscription boxes
    Farm-based pickup only
    Closed-market sales
  • How often do chickens typically lay an egg?
    Every 24–28 hours
    Once per week
    Once per month
    Only if a rooster is present
  • What does the Rising Sun symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    Agricultural opportunity and progress
    The national scope of the FFA and freedom
    Knowledge and wisdom
    Labor and tillage of the soil
  • Which basic part of a speech summarizes the main points of your speech?
    Introduction
    Conclusion
    Outline
    Body
  • Which ration is needed for increasing the size of bones, muscles, and organs, and is high in energy and protein?
    Maintenance ration
    Fattening ration
    Work ration
    Growth ration
  • 16. Swine breeding animals should be evaluated for:
    Physical soundness
    High somatic cell count
    Black pigmentation
    Excessive backfat
  • What classification of animal eats items of both plant and animal origin?
    Non-ruminant
    Carnivore
    Omnivore
    Herbivore
  • Appearance, poise, attitude, confidence, and posture are all elements of what presentation skill?
    Power of expression
    General effect
    Stage presence
    Response to questions
  • 3. Charolais cattle are typically:
    Red with white face
    White to light straw
    Solid black
    Spotted
  • 10. Pork consumption in the U.S. per capita has:
    Rapidly increased
    Become illegal
    Remained stable
    Rapidly decreased
  • The part of a speech that begins with the main points and arranges them in logical order is called the what?
    Introduction
    Purpose
    Conclusion
    Body
  • What mineral-containing element is present in proteins, besides carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
    Sulfur
    Phosphorus
    Nitrogen
    Iron
  • 30. The Californian rabbit is identified by:
    Spotted markings
    Solid black fur
    All-white coat
    White body with black points
  • What enlarged part of the avian digestive tract is located just before the vent where the digestive and reproductive tracts combine?
    Cloaca
    Vent
    Ceca
    Gizzard
  • 13. The U.S. is the world leader in production of which poultry product?
    Broiler meat
    Duck meat
    Goose meat
    Turkey eggs
  • What is the set of well-defined rules to conduct business through a formal, organized approach called?
    Order of Business
    The Agenda
    Parliamentary procedure
    Adjournment
  • 30. Pet sales generate how much annually?
    $2.1 billion
    $100 million
    $10 billion
    $50,000
  • 2. A single feed component that supports life is known as a:
    Diet
    Nutrient
    Roughage
    Supplement
  • What is increasing within food animal tracking systems?
    Animal identification and traceability
    Use of manual inventory logs
    Random identification numbers
    Elimination of ID tags
  • 14. Supplemental hormones are NOT allowed in which animals?
    Poultry & swine
    Dairy cattle
    Beef cattle
    Sheep
  • 37. Dressing percentage compares carcass weight to:
    Ribeye area
    Live weight
    Growth rate
    Fat score
  • If the left oviduct of a female mammal is blocked, an egg released from the left ovary would be unable to participate in which critical reproductive event?
    Implantation
    Oogenesis (egg production)
    Hormone production
    Fertilization
  • During which stage of the reproductive cycle does the fetus develop in the uterus?
    Gestation
    Lactation
    Parturition
    Puberty
  • What term describes the feed and water that an animal receives?
    Supplement
    Diet
    Nutrient
    Ration
  • 30. Puppies require diets higher in:
    Minerals
    Fiber
    Protein
    Fat
  • 21. The widest part of a well-muscled hog should be the:
    Neck
    Topline
    Lower ham
    Shoulder
  • Which professional provides cosmetic services for animals?
    Kennel attendant
    Veterinary technician
    Groomer
    Wildlife rehabilitator
  • What are the inorganic materials (containing no carbon) needed in small amounts for growth of bones, teeth, and body tissue?
    Carbohydrates
    Proteins
    Vitamins
    Minerals
  • 26. Bleaching in layers occurs first at the:
    Vent
    Shanks
    Beak
    Top of toes
  • 16. Average market lamb weight is:
    125 pounds
    270 pounds
    50 pounds
    1300 pounds
  • How many taps of the gavel signal members to sit down or announce the completion of a vote?
    Three taps
    One tap
    Two taps
    A series of taps
  • 4. Structurally correct feet and legs are especially important when selecting:
    Feeder cattle
    Bulls
    Replacement heifers
    Broilers
  • 24. What percent of households own at least one cat?
    12%
    38%
    80%
    5%
  • What does the Owl symbolize in the FFA emblem?
    Agricultural opportunity and progress
    Common agricultural interest and unity
    The national scope of the FFA and freedom
    Knowledge and wisdom
  • 32. The English Spot rabbit is recognized by:
    Solid color
    Dwarf size
    A chain of spots
    Long wool coat
  • 10. What do state “lemon laws” for pets provide?
    Free veterinary care
    Legal recourse for animals with defects
    Refunds for pet food
    Mandatory spay/neuter
  • 22. A BSE evaluates:
    Fat thickness
    Coat color
    Fertility
    Attitude
  • Which accessory organ is the largest gland in the body and produces bile that acts on fats?
    Liver
    Spleen
    Gallbladder
    Pancreas
  • 33. Marbling refers to:
    Bone density
    Fat under skin
    External fat
    Fat in lean muscle
  • 37. Oral reasons must be:
    Accurate and organized
    Based on opinions only
    Longer than 5 minutes
    Delivered with no eye contact
  • What is the oval sac-like structure in the avian digestive system that stores and softens feed?
    Proventriculus
    Gizzard
    Cloaca
    Crop
  • 28. WW in EPDs stands for:
    Weaning weight
    Wool weight
    Width of withers
    Winter weight
  • 14. Broilers make up what percent of total poultry sales?
    33%
    10%
    95%
    67%
  • A male animal is producing viable sperm, but collected semen shows poor sperm viability and poor motility. A defect in which accessory gland is the MOST likely cause, as it produces fluids that protect and transport sperm?
    Cowper's gland
    Seminal vesicles
    Testicles
    Epididymis
  • 32. Temperament of a companion animal should match:
    Feeding schedule
    Owner expectations
    Coat color
    Breed stereotypes only
  • What is the last stage of parturition, which, if not expelled, can cause the mother to become sick?
    The fetus
    The first water bag
    The placenta and other membranes (afterbirth)
    The second water bag
  • Which acid is secreted in the abomasum to stop the action of salivary amylase?
    Pepsin
    Hydrochloric acid
    Gastric lipase
    Trypsin
  • 13. What involves inserting foreign genes into an organism?
    Clipping
    Transgenics
    Enrichment
    Hormone therapy
  • 12. Dairy feed records show:
    Total days open
    Average daily gain
    Daily feed costs per cwt of milk
    Pedigree value
  • What element of speech preparation is concerned with special events such as banquets or leadership conferences?
    Purpose
    Audience
    Body
    Occasion
  • 26. Rations that provide nutrients for storage not used in other functions are:
    Maintenance rations
    Fattening rations
    Work rations
    Growth rations
  • What year did the FFA and NFA merge?
    1969
    1971
    1928
    1965
  • What specialist creates rations for animals based on their individual nutritional needs?
    Veterinarian
    Nutritionist
    Zoologist
    Animal breeder
  • What is the term for the surgical removal of testicles in a male animal?
    Castration
    Parturition
    Farrowing
    Spaying
  • What is the general term for the act of giving birth?
    Kindling
    Gestation
    Lactation
    Parturition
  • Who wrote Robert's Rules of Order?
    Henry M. Robert
    Thomas Jefferson
    Abraham Lincoln
    George Washington
  • 30. One reason to cull an animal is:
    Poor reproductive efficiency
    Calm behavior
    Good muscle
    Fast growth
  • 35. Pork usually has only two quality grades:
    Prime and Choice
    Standard and Select
    Acceptable and Utility
    None
  • What is the FFA motto?
    We Believe in the Future of Agriculture
    Learning to Do, Doing to Learn, Earning to Live, Living to Serve
    Dedication, Education, and Application
    Premier Leadership, Personal Growth, Career Success
  • A commercial layer hen operation is providing a diet composed mainly of corn and other cereal grains. These ingredients are primarily supplying the hen with what major nutrient for energy?
    Proteins
    Minerals
    Carbohydrates
    Vitamins
  • 14. Average market hog weight is:
    1300 pounds
    125 pounds
    75 pounds
    270 pounds
  • A zookeeper is monitoring a pregnant cat (Felis catus) that is actively going through the process of giving birth. What specific term will the zookeeper use to document this event in their log?
    Kidding
    Kindling
    Queening
    Calving
  • What factor regarding farmland is becoming increasingly limited?
    Farmland availability
    Market hog weights
    Water quality
    Prices of grain
  • 13. Reproductive history includes:
    Slaughter weight
    Carcass grade
    Conception rate and calving interval
    Udder texture
  • 25. The ration containing the highest levels of protein, minerals, and vitamins is the:
    Growth ration
    Maintenance ration
    Reproduction ration
    Fattening ration
  • 28. Maine **** cats are known for:
    Hairlessness
    Being the smallest breed
    Short tails
    Large size
  • What is farm consolidation?
    Only dairy farms expanding
    Government purchasing farmland
    Larger farms acquiring land from smaller farms
    Smaller farms dividing land
  • What phrase must a member use to state a motion?
    “I recommend…”
    “I propose…”
    “I move…”
    “I suggest…”
  • 27. Pet food manufacturing generates how much annually?
    $1.2 million
    $7 million
    $100,000
    $32.3 billion
  • What is the term for the period of time that milk is secreted by the mammary glands?
    Farrowing
    Lactation
    Ovulation
    Gestation
  • Which representative informs veterinary professionals about new and improved pharmaceutical products?
    Pharmaceutical sales representative
    Financial analyst
    Business manager
    Pet insurance agent
  • 19. Pedigree refers to:
    Animal ancestry
    Growth rate
    Coat pattern
    Market weight
  • Which part of the oviduct is responsible for receiving the yolk and is the site where the egg is fertilized?
    Infundibulum
    Magnum
    Uterus
    Isthmus
  • Which innovation signals health concerns in cats?
    Ozone litter
    Glow-dust pellets
    PrettyLitter
    Sand crystals
  • 23. Ideal backfat at the 10th rib is:
    0.2 inch
    0.8 inch
    1.6 inches
    2.0 inches
  • What is the liquid secreted by glands that contains water, mucus, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes?
    Chyme
    Bile
    Bolus
    Gastric juice
  • 23. Rations high in energy and protein to increase body size are:
    Fattening rations
    Reproduction rations
    Work rations
    Growth rations
  • The duodenum, jejunum, and ileum are the three sections of which digestive organ?
    Small intestine
    Esophagus
    Cecum
    Large intestine
  • 21. The total economic impact of the U.S. pet industry is:
    $15 million
    Exactly $50 billion
    Over $221 billion
    Under $10 billion
  • What is the name of the organ on the wall of the cloaca that deposits sperm into the hen’s reproductive tract?
    Vas deferens
    Papilla
    Uterus
    Testicle
  • 19. The most common broiler cross is:
    Cornish × White Plymouth Rock
    Brahma × Silkie
    Jersey Giant × Orpington
    Rhode Island Red × Leghorn
  • 31. Cats need approximately twice as much ___ as dogs.
    Vitamins
    Water
    Carbohydrates
    Protein
  • 28. Veterinary services generate how much annually?
    $21.0 billion
    $100 billion
    $2 million
    $500,000
  • 1. Food animal products account for what portion of total annual agricultural cash receipts?
    Over half
    Less than 10%
    Exactly one-third
    Declining each year
  • Which female organ is the site of estrogen and progesterone hormone production?
    Oviduct
    Uterus
    Ovaries
    Vagina
  • Which specialist trains animals for obedience, performance, riding, security, or assisting people with disabilities?
    Groomer
    Veterinarian
    Animal trainer
    Animal behaviorist
  • Which officer keeps accurate minutes and sits beside the ear of corn?
    Sentinel
    Reporter
    Secretary
    Treasurer
  • Which oval-shaped muscular organ in birds crushes and mixes feed, and contains grit and gravel?
    Beak
    Proventriculus
    Crop
    Gizzard
  • A veterinarian assists with a difficult birth and finds the fetus is presenting hips first, rather than front feet and nose. According to the material, what is the correct classification for this situation?
    A sign that gestation was too long.
    Abnormal presentation that could cause severe problems.
    Normal presentation for this stage of birth.
    The result of a premature birth, which is usually harmless.
  • A main motion requires what kind of vote for adoption?
    Two-thirds vote
    Majority vote
    Unanimous vote
    Simple vote
  • 25. Sperm morphology checks for:
    Smell
    Color
    Age
    Abnormalities
  • How many amendments can be considered at a time?
    Three
    Two
    Four
    Only one
  • 34. Companion birds primarily prefer diets of:
    Roughage hay
    High-fat milk replacers
    Meat scraps
    Cereal grains or oil seeds
  • 39. The brisket is found:
    Between the front legs
    Top of the head
    Back of the animal
    Rear leg
  • Which part of the oviduct is where the shell membrane is applied and the shape of the egg is determined?
    Infundibulum
    Uterus
    Magnum
    Isthmus
  • Mindfulness is explained as what two concepts?
    Interpersonal and self-awareness
    Informed ideas and effective solutions
    Directing efforts and delivering results
    New ideas and novel solutions
  • 34. Highest USDA beef quality grade is:
    Utility
    Prime
    Select
    Standard
  • 12. Breeding animals are selected mostly for:
    Color alone
    Market weight only
    Finish alone
    Conformation and structural soundness
  • A newborn calf is nursing on milk. While the calf is young and primarily on a liquid diet, which stomach compartment is the only functional portion for enzymatic digestion?
    Reticulum
    Rumen
    Omasum
    Abomasum
  • 24. Sperm motility measures:
    Color
    Size
    Forward movement
    Number
  • A veterinarian is called because a dog, 48 hours after whelping, is showing signs of illness. The illness is confirmed to be due to the afterbirth not being expelled. Which stage of parturition was incomplete?
    The contraction of the uterus muscles.
    The breaking of the second water bag.
    The expulsion of the placenta and other membranes.
    The release of the egg cell from the ovary.
  • When were females admitted into the FFA?
    1965
    1969
    1928
    1971
  • A critical factor in the last portion of incubation is increased humidity. What is the purpose of this increase?
    To soften the shell so the chick can break through it.
    To help the yolk sac draw into the body.
    To rotate the egg more easily.
    To initiate embryo development.
  • What is the process where the egg cell is released from the ovary?
    Oogenesis
    Ovulation
    Spermatogenesis
    Fertilization
  • Which organ serves little to no function for most ruminant animals?
    Abomasum
    Large intestine
    Small intestine
    Cecum
  • What is a key reason hybrid “designer breeds” are bred?
    To achieve desirable characteristics
    To increase wild traits
    To remove breed standards
    To reduce pet ownership
  • 8. The American Landrace hog is known for:
    Black body with white belt
    Red body and drooped ears
    Long body and large lopped ears
    Erect ears and white color
  • Which exotic animal is commonly sought but often illegal?
    Non-domesticated canines
    Turkeys
    Dairy cattle
    Domestic rabbits
  • 6. Dairy farms in the U.S. are mostly:
    State-operated
    Family-owned
    Large corporations
    Nonprofit entities
  • Which durable skill focuses on "improvement and aspiration"?
    Fortitude
    Growth Mindset
    Critical Thinking
    Character
  • What is the surgical procedure for the removal of the female reproductive organs?
    Spaying
    Castration
    Calving
    Kindling
  • Which specialist selects and breeds animals to produce offspring with desired characteristics?
    Farmer/rancher
    Animal waste management technician
    Animal breeder
    Nutritionist
  • In the FFA Sample Order of Business, what happens immediately after the Call to Order?
    Report from standing committees
    New business
    Treasurer’s report
    Reading/approval of minutes from previous meeting
  • The act of giving birth in rabbits is known as:
    Kindling
    Farrowing
    Kidding
    Lambing
  • 24. Terrier breeds are known for:
    Draft work
    Retrieving birds
    Hunting vermin
    Herding livestock
  • When making a motion, which person states the question on the motion?
    The member making the motion
    The chair
    The Secretary
    The member seconding the motion
  • How many taps of the gavel are used to call the meeting to order?
    Three taps
    One tap
    Two taps
    Four taps
  • 15. Unused carbohydrates in the animal body are stored as:
    Water
    Protein
    Minerals
    Fat
  • What is the total amount and kind of feed that an animal is provided during a 24-hour period?
    Nutrient
    Ration
    Diet
    Supplement
  • Which specialist provides guidance for financial planning, analysis, and projection for animal-related companies?
    Veterinarian
    Financial analyst
    Animal trainer
    Business manager
  • 18. Which device provides electric signals to control animals?
    Electronic collar
    Halter
    Identification tag
    Kennel gate
  • Which professional educates students about agriculture, food, and natural resources?
    Cooperative extension agent
    Animal behaviorist
    Animal trainer
    Agricultural education teacher
  • 6. Holstein cattle are best known for:
    Highest milk production
    High butterfat milk
    Red coloring
    Small frame size
  • Which occupational category uses technical skills to produce animals and animal-related products?
    Social services professionals
    Education, communication, and information specialists
    Managers and financial specialists
    Animal production specialists
  • What specialist studies a variety of animal species and may work in zoos or governmental agencies?
    Nutritionist
    Veterinarian
    Zoologist
    Life support engineer
  • What are the two official colors of the FFA?
    National blue and corn gold
    Forest green and sun yellow
    Sky blue and dirt brown
    American red and navy blue
  • What type of species are wolves categorized as in the pet trend list?
    Companion animals
    Aquaculture species
    Exotic animals
    Livestock
  • 11. Production records measure:
    Feed conversion ratio
    Number of calves born
    Pounds of milk, fat, and protein
    Amount of time grazing
  • What consumer trend has decreased in recent years?
    Fish consumption
    Organic product interest
    Fluid milk consumption
    Poultry consumption
  • What terms are used to describe those assembled as voting delegates in a business meeting?
    Committee, Federation, Region
    Assembly, body, floor, and house
    Chair, President, Secretary
    Agenda, minutes, motion
  • What are carbohydrates chemically composed of?
    Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
    Carbon and nitrogen
    Sulfur, phosphorus, and iron
    Nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon
  • 20. Declawing is a physical alteration associated with ________.
    Cats
    Goats
    Poultry
    Horses
  • Which durable skill is defined by "new ideas and novel solutions"?
    Character
    Creativity
    Collaboration
    Communication
  • 4. Feed and water that an animal receives daily is called its:
    Concentrate
    Ration
    Diet
    Supplement
  • For most animals, how long after breeding is generally recommended for the most accurate pregnancy detection via ultrasound or palpation?
    30 to 40 days
    10 to 15 days
    50 to 60 days
    1 to 5 days
  • What is the typical incubation period for a chicken egg?
    16 days
    33 days
    21 days
    28 days
  • What type of animals have stomachs that are divided into multiple chambers and digest large amounts of roughages?
    Ruminants
    Avian species
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Monogastric animals
  • Which occupational category uses communication skills and technical expertise to perform services and provide information?
    Social services professionals
    Marketing, merchandising, and sales representatives
    Education, communication, and information specialists
    Animal production specialists
  • 17. Soybean meal and cottonseed meal are examples of:
    Plant protein sources
    Energy supplements
    Vitamin sources
    Mineral sources
  • Which non-ruminant animals have a developed cecum that contains bacteria to break down roughage?
    Monogastric animals
    Hind-gut fermenters
    Ruminants
    Avian species
  • Which ration meets the basic nutrient requirements to keep vital body processes functioning?
    Maintenance ration
    Production ration
    Reproduction ration
    Growth ration
  • What is the primary site of egg (ovum) production (oogenesis) in the female reproductive system?
    Cervix
    Uterus
    Oviduct
    Ovaries
  • What is the highest level of the FFA structure?
    Federation
    North Carolina Association
    National FFA Organization
    Region
  • The act of giving birth in cattle is known as:
    Kindling
    Kidding
    Calving
    Lambing
  • Which motion is used to present a new item of business for consideration?
    Previous Question
    Main motion
    Adjourn
    Amendment
  • 20. Ideal swine market animals are:
    Well-muscled and balanced
    Lacking finish
    Shallow-bodied
    Narrow-chested
  • The motion for the Previous Question requires what kind of vote?
    Unanimous vote
    2/3 majority vote
    Majority vote
    Plurality vote
  • A speech that is written and learned prior to presenting is classified as what type of speech?
    Informative
    Prepared
    Extemporaneous
    Persuasive
  • What process involves shining a light through an egg to examine the embryo for a dark spot and development of blood vessels?
    Palpation
    Incubation
    Candling
    Rotation
  • 15. What is subtherapeutic antibiotic use?
    Removing all antibiotics
    Natural feeding strategies
    Low doses for growth or prevention
    Treating sick animals only
  • 34. Individual notes describe:
    An animal’s best or worst traits
    The judge’s clothing
    The feed type used
    Background music
  • The motion to amend requires what kind of vote for adoption?
    Simple vote
    Majority vote
    Unanimous vote
    Two-thirds vote
  • Which tube connects the infundibulum to the uterus and is the specific site of fertilization?
    Oviduct (Fallopian tube)
    Vas deferens
    Urethra
    Cervix
  • Fluency, sincerity, emphasis, and directness are components of what presentation skill?
    Voice
    Stage presence
    Power of expression
    General effect
  • Which ration requires increased amounts of fats and carbohydrates to supply extra energy for physical activity?
    Work ration
    Production ration
    Reproduction ration
    Growth ration
  • 27. Productive layers have:
    Bright, round eyes
    Strong yellow beaks
    Darkened eyelids
    No bleaching
  • A pig (omnivore) and a goat (herbivore) are being fed. If the pig is fed a diet comprised primarily of concentrates, what type of feed ingredient will primarily make up the goat's diet?
    Fats and oils
    Animal-based proteins
    Synthetic nitrogen sources
    Roughages
  • Which officer informs and reports events and sits beside the American flag?
    Reporter
    Vice President
    Sentinel
    President
  • 11. The primary source of energy in livestock feeds is:
    Carbohydrates
    Minerals
    Vitamins
    Water
  • 3. Bulls should be selected for producing calves with:
    High birth weights
    Low weaning weights
    High weaning/yearling weights
    Poor muscling
  • 25. What percent of households own fish?
    1%
    12%
    55%
    2%
  • 31. The Dutch rabbit is known for:
    All-white fur
    Very long hair
    Its unique color belt pattern
    Blue eyes only
  • What do the Agriculture Education and FFA words on the emblem symbolize?
    Freedom and wisdom
    The combination of learning and leadership
    Common agricultural interest and unity
    Opportunity and progress
  • What is the typical incubation period for a duck egg?
    28 days
    33 days
    21 days
    16 days
  • 11. Which practice involves creating genetically identical animals?
    Dehorning
    Cloning
    Tail docking
    Declawing
  • What is the term for a small mass of feed once swallowed in animals?
    Gastric juice
    Villi
    Chyme
    Bolus
  • 27. BW in EPDs stands for:
    Balanced weight
    Body width
    Back weight
    Birth weight
  • Informed ideas and effective solutions is the definition of which durable skill?
    Critical Thinking
    Mindfulness
    Leadership
    Metacognition
  • Which ration contains the largest amount of protein, minerals, and vitamins to support gestation and parturition?
    Fattening ration
    Work ration
    Reproduction ration
    Maintenance ration
  • Which specialist designs and creates enclosures for animals in captivity that support their natural habitat?
    Zoologist
    Animal breeder
    Nutritionist
    Life support engineer
  • What are the trace organic compounds that help regulate many body functions and are designated by letters like A, D, and K?
    Vitamins
    Minerals
    Amino acids
    Enzymes
  • The durable skill of Metacognition is defined as what?
    Improvement and aspiration
    Self-understanding and personal management
    Constitution and inspiration
    Interpersonal and self-awareness
  • If the muscular tissue in a male's scrotum fails to respond to a decrease in ambient temperature, what is the primary risk to the reproductive function?
    Testosterone production will cease completely.
    The testicles will remain too low, which can negatively affect sperm production.
    The penis will be unable to retract inside the sheath.
    The urethra will not be properly neutralized by the Cowper’s gland.
  • Which specialist studies the way animals behave and tries to determine what causes certain types of behavior?
    Animal trainer
    Nutritionist
    Animal behaviorist
    Zoologist
  • 23. Tail docking is performed on which species?
    Fish only
    Horses only
    Poultry only
    Cattle, dogs, sheep, swine
  • What is one result of urbanization in agriculture?
    Higher beef consumption
    Increased farm operators
    Loss of agricultural land
    More small farms
  • What are the four components of Voice when presenting a speech?
    Appearance, poise, attitude, posture
    Fluency, sincerity, emphasis, directness
    Interesting, understandable, convincing, pleasing
    Pitch quality, articulation, pronunciation, force
  • A horse owner decides to switch their animal to a high-roughage diet of hay. Which digestive structure, large in this hind-gut fermenter, is primarily responsible for breaking down this roughage using microbial action?
    Stomach
    Gizzard
    Cecum
    Abomasum
  • The interior lining of which ruminant stomach section is described as resembling carpet?
    Abomasum
    Rumen
    Omasum
    Reticulum
  • 5. Animals that eat only plant-based diets are:
    Omnivores
    Carnivores
    Insectivores
    Herbivores
  • What is the function of the cervix?
    To produce egg cells (ova)
    To create a barrier between the developing fetus and the exterior of the body
    To receive the penis during copulation
    To store mature sperm cells
  • 3. Which industry provides the largest share of total U.S. agricultural cash receipts?
    Goats
    Dairy
    Poultry
    Beef cattle
  • 36. Acceptable pork has meat that is:
    Greenish
    Pale and soft
    Reddish-pink and firm
    Extremely fatty
  • 29. Persian cats are a breed known for:
    Long hair and popularity
    Being hairless
    Triangular head shape
    Blue eyes only
  • What is the list of items prepared prior to the meeting date to be discussed or handled during the meeting?
    Minutes
    Treasurer’s report
    Agenda
    Order of business
  • Which ration is fed to provide for the storage of nutrients not used for maintenance, growth, or other functions?
    Fattening ration
    Reproduction ration
    Work ration
    Maintenance ration
  • 23. Scrotal circumference measurement indicates:
    Meat quality
    Fertility
    Breed
    Weight
  • 2. Traits visible in the head and general appearance describe:
    Balance
    Breed character
    Frame size
    Muscle
  • 9. Larger-framed animals are usually perceived as yielding more:
    Wool
    Meat or milk
    Hair
    Organs
  • 7. Replacement heifers should have which temperament?
    Aggressive behavior
    Nervous and flighty
    Quiet disposition
    Easily stressed
  • 36. Mature females often have:
    Masculine heads
    More evident mammary glands
    Extra neck muscle
    Less bone structure
  • What is the age at which animals reach sexual maturity and are able to reproduce called?
    Puberty
    Ovulation
    Gestation
    Parturition
  • What is the process of simple molecules passing through cell membranes of the lining in the small intestine into the blood?
    Digestion
    Peristalsis
    Absorption
    Rumination
  • Which motion is used to bring a lapse in parliamentary procedure to the chair’s attention?
    Previous Question
    Point of Order
    Division of Assembly
    Adjourn
  • How many taps of the gavel signal all members to stand in unison?
    Three taps
    A series of taps
    One tap
    Two taps
  • If a hen's left oviduct is damaged at the magnum segment, which part of the egg would be incorrectly formed or missing when the egg is laid?
    The shell membrane and shape
    The calcified shell and pigment
    The thick albumen (egg white)
    The yolk and site of fertilization
  • What enzyme is contained in monogastric saliva to help change some starch to maltose?
    Salivary amylase
    Gastric lipase
    Trypsin
    Pepsin
  • In which voting method are members asked to stand or raise their hands?
    Roll call
    Ballot
    Voice
    Rising
  • 7. Despite fewer dairy operations, total milk production:
    Has increased per operation
    Is unstable
    Is entirely imported
    Has disappeared
  • 33. Visual observation notes include:
    Judge’s preference
    Weather conditions
    Feed type
    Identification notes
  • Which officer sits beside the plow and coordinates committee work?
    President
    Vice President
    Sentinel
    Treasurer
  • Which occupational category provides preventive and therapeutic medical treatment to animals?
    Scientists, engineers, and related specialists
    Education, communication, and information specialists
    Animal production specialists
    Medical specialists
  • Which motion is used to request/require a counted vote?
    Previous Question
    Adjourn
    Division of Assembly
    Point of Order
  • What phrase describes meat produced without antibiotics?
    Cage-free
    Antibiotic-free
    Steroid-free
    Low-protein
  • 35. Fish tend to eat more when:
    Oxygen is low
    Water is cold
    Water temperature increases
    Light is reduced
  • Which officer welcomes members and guests and assists the President in maintaining order?
    Reporter
    Chaplain
    Treasurer
    Sentinel
  • The act of giving birth in dogs is known as:
    Whelping
    Farrowing
    Kindling
    Lambing
  • 38. Beef Yield Grade 1 animals have:
    Highest fat waste
    Poor firmness
    Lowest muscling
    Least fat waste
  • 30. A desirable trait in companion animal parents is:
    Frequent seizures
    No history of genetic disorders
    Chronic joint problems
    Unpredictable temperament
  • 3. Most producers and researchers believe in ________.
    Eliminating all animal agriculture
    Animal rights
    Animal welfare
    Replacing all animals with robotics
  • A high-performance ranch horse has an extremely rigorous work schedule. Which change is MOST critical to make to its ration to supply the extra energy needed to perform its tasks?
    Increase the water content by over 80%.
    Decrease the crude fiber levels below 18%.
    Feed only roughages and no concentrates.
    Increase the amounts of fats and carbohydrates.
  • Before semen is transported through the urethra, the Cowper's gland secretes a fluid. What is the primary purpose of this fluid?
    To filter all fluid flowing through the urethra.
    To store the mature sperm cells before ejaculation.
    To produce the majority of the fluid volume for transport.
    To clean and neutralize the urethra, making it safe for the sperm.
  • Which agent sells and manages insurance policies for pets and assists owners in filing claims?
    Pet insurance agent
    Financial analyst
    Business manager
    Pharmaceutical sales representative
  • What professional examines and provides care to sick, injured, or orphaned wildlife to return them to the wild?
    Wildlife rehabilitator
    Veterinary technician
    Veterinarian
    Animal welfare officer
  • What is the hormone that increases to cause the uterus muscles to contract at the start of parturition?
    Testosterone
    Estrogen
    Progesterone
    Insulin
  • 9. What law addresses care for animals used in biomedical research?
    Animal Welfare Act
    Veterinary Research Act
    Animal Protection Initiative
    Health Research Extension Act
  • The act of giving birth in swine is known as:
    Farrowing
    Whelping
    Calving
    Queening
  • Information exchange and management is the key focus of which durable skill?
    Leadership
    Fortitude
    Communication
    Creativity
  • Which basic part of a speech is intended to grab the attention of your audience?
    Body
    Introduction
    Main Point
    Conclusion
  • Which officer enforces the law to protect animals through intervention and education?
    Kennel attendant
    Groomer
    Animal welfare officer
    Conservation officer
  • If the President is not presiding, what is the proper address for the person presiding?
    The Sentinel
    Mr./Madam/Mx. Chairman or Chairperson
    Mr./Madam/Mx. President
    The Floor
  • What does the gavel represent or symbolize for the presiding officer?
    Respect
    Authority
    Power
    Order
  • What assists the chapter in setting goals and developing plans and steps to reach those goals?
    Officer and Committee Positions
    Program of Activities (POA)
    Opening and Closing Ceremony
    FFA Mission Statement
  • 2. Increased future demand for U.S. animal products will mainly come from:
    School lunch programs
    Exports
    State fairs
    Domestic production
  • A veterinarian is asked to confirm pregnancy in a mare only 18 days after breeding. Which method, though not ideal for accuracy at this time, offers the best chance for the earliest possible detection?
    Palpation for the fetus via a physical exam.
    Blood test looking for pregnancy-specific hormones.
    Ultrasound to detect the fetus in the uterus.
    Waiting until 40 days for optimal accuracy.
  • Which durable skill involves "teamwork and connection"?
    Metacognition
    Collaboration
    Growth Mindset
    Critical Thinking
  • Which motion is used to close the meeting?
    Previous Question
    Amendment
    Main motion
    Adjourn
  • 24. Producing healthy animals results in ________.
    Reduced medical expenses
    Lower productivity
    More welfare violations
    Higher stress levels
  • 9. Accurate and reliable records help dairy producers:
    Reduce milk production
    Increase pigmentation loss
    Make sound management decisions
    Choose animals randomly
  • 11. Pork exports average how many pounds per year?
    Under 1 million
    100,000
    500 million
    Over 7 billion
  • 22. A ration that meets only the basic needs of the animal is a:
    Maintenance ration
    Production ration
    Growth ration
    Work ration
  • What trend reflects consumer desire for minimal chemical input?
    No added hormones
    High-starch diets
    Enriched soil
    Imported feed
  • When preparing a speech, a specific reason like explaining a new technology relates to the speech's what?
    Outline
    Occasion
    Audience
    Purpose
  • A feed company is developing a supplement to maximize the absorption of simple molecules like amino acids and sugars. They should focus on increasing the surface area and efficiency of which structure in the small intestine?
    Cloaca
    Villi
    Cecum
    Papillae of the Omasum
  • 1. Cows should produce calves with what characteristic to reduce calving issues?
    Low birth weight
    High birth weight
    No birth weight requirement
    Random birth weights
  • 6. Animals like cats and ferrets that eat animal-based diets are:
    Omnivores
    Herbivores
    Carnivores
    Ruminants
  • Which chamber of the ruminant stomach is the primary site for microbial fermentation?
    Rumen
    Omasum
    Abomasum
    Reticulum
  • What nutrient provides 2–2.25 times the energy value of carbohydrates?
    Water
    Fats and oils
    Minerals
    Proteins
  • 29. Swine and poultry diets are composed mostly of:
    Concentrates
    Roughages
    Minerals
    Silage
  • 4. Decisions about welfare laws should be based on ________.
    Social media trends
    Public opinion polls
    Celebrity endorsements
    Scientific information
  • 10. Hampshire swine are identified by:
    Solid white body
    Red body and erect ears
    Long drooped ears
    Black body with a white belt
  • The rule that only one motion is allowed on the floor at one time helps the group focus on what?
    One item at a time
    Courtesy to everyone
    The will of the minority
    The next agenda item
  • What single-celled organisms are found in the rumen and reticulum and aid in digestion?
    Enzymes
    Microbes
    Amino acids
    Villi
  • What is the process of forcing feed back up the esophagus to be chewed further, also known as "chewing the cud"?
    Rumination
    Peristalsis
    Absorption
    Prehension
  • What is a single feed component that helps support the life of an animal?
    Diet
    Ration
    Nutrient
    Supplement
  • 12. Suffolk sheep are primarily used for:
    Meat
    Guard animals
    Dairy
    Wool
  • 20. Broad Breasted White turkeys are known for being:
    Largest domestic turkey breed
    Wild bird crosses
    Black in color
    Smallest turkey breed
  • 2. The Hereford breed is recognized by its:
    Hump and loose skin
    Black coat
    Red body with a white face
    All-white body
  • What are the organic catalyst substances that speed up the digestive process?
    Amino acids
    Enzymes
    Villi
    Microbes
  • What degree generally requires additional specialization of two or more years and can result in a dissertation?
    Doctoral degree
    Master’s degree
    Bachelor’s degree
    Associate degree
  • How many main motions can be on the floor or before the group at the same time?
    Three
    Only one
    Four
    Two
  • What type of development continues to convert farmland?
    Federal conservation projects
    Increased livestock herds
    Commercial and residential development
    Agricultural expansion
  • What item is inserted into the reticulum to prevent Hardware Disease?
    A large piece of roughage
    Antibiotics
    A small magnet
    A plastic shield
  • Which part of the male anatomy consists of tissue that holds the testicles and epididymis and raises or lowers them in response to temperature?
    Sheath
    Scrotum
    Prostate gland
    Vas deferens
  • Which age group is increasing pet ownership?
    Younger generations
    Middle-aged farmers
    Elderly only
    Children under age five
  • Which method of voting extends anonymity?
    Roll call
    Rising
    Ballot
    Voice
  • 15. Evenly balanced quarters and well-placed teats indicate:
    Poor milking ability
    Abnormal teats
    Low milk quality
    High-quality udder structure
  • The act of giving birth in goats is known as:
    Queening
    Calving
    Kidding
    Whelping
  • 17. White Leghorns are best known for:
    Laying white eggs
    Meat production
    Black plumage
    Brown egg production
  • What licensed medical professional treats, cures, and prevents illness and injury in animals?
    Wildlife rehabilitator
    Veterinary technician
    Kennel attendant
    Veterinarian
  • 39. Pork yield grades consider factors such as:
    Hair color
    Hoof size
    Tail length
    LEA, HCW, backfat
  • A chicken egg is being candled on Day 12 of incubation. According to the development stages, which feature should the observer expect to be visible or fully formed?
    The chick is performing internal and external pip.
    Toe nails are visible and toes are fully formed.
    The yolk sac is drawn into the body cavity.
    Only some tissue development is visible.
  • What is considered the earliest method used to detect pregnancy by looking for hormones or proteins?
    Blood tests
    Ultrasound
    Palpation
    X-ray imaging
  • What process in ruminants brings the bolus from the stomach back to the mouth for rechewing?
    Prehension
    Forward peristalsis
    Reverse peristalsis
    Absorption
  • 31. Immature animals failing criteria typically become:
    Show animals
    Market animals
    Pets
    Breeding stock
  • Which occupational category performs research to improve the competitive position of the animal industry?
    Social services professionals
    Medical specialists
    Managers and financial specialists
    Scientists, engineers, and related specialists
  • What is the name of the book that serves as the basis for parliamentary law?
    Robert’s Rules of Order
    The By-law Handbook
    Order of Business
    Parliamentary Authority
  • Which supplement is increasingly used for pet health?
    Asphalt additives
    Probiotics
    Synthetic leather
    Human athletic supplements
  • Which product category is increasing in consumer demand?
    Organic products
    Genetically modified feed
    Low-protein meats
    Imported dairy
  • What is the process of breaking feed down into simple substances that can be absorbed by the body?
    Prehension
    Absorption
    Rumination
    Digestion
  • 11. Balance means body parts:
    Are the same size
    Are heavily muscled
    Blend attractively
    Grow at the same rate
  • 1. Conformation refers to the arrangement of:
    Bone and body tissue
    Internal organs
    Coat color
    Fat only
  • What is the term for when more than half of those voting vote on the same side?
    Majority vote
    Two-thirds vote
    Roll call vote
    Plurality vote
  • Which factor affecting embryo development initiates the process?
    Temperature
    Candling
    Humidity
    Rotation of egg
  • 27. Animals needing extra energy for activity require increased:
    Water
    Minerals
    Vitamins
    Fats and carbohydrates
  • What is the term for the first milk produced after birth that contains antibodies for offspring immunity?
    Afterbirth
    Colostrum
    Lactation
    Gestation
  • A breeder is preparing a female animal for breeding to improve her conception rate. Which ration should be fed, as it contains the largest amount of protein, minerals, and vitamins compared to other rations?
    Fattening ration
    Maintenance ration
    Work ration
    Reproduction ration
  • What is the term for feed ingredients with crude fiber levels under 18%?
    Forages
    Roughages
    Supplements
    Concentrates
  • What is the term for involuntary muscular contractions that create wave-like movements to move canal contents?
    Peristalsis
    Absorption
    Prehension
    Rumination
  • Which food animal product consumption is declining?
    Beef
    Eggs
    Fish
    Poultry
  • Where does the embryo of an avian species develop?
    Inside the uterus
    Inside the cloaca
    Inside the oviduct
    Outside of the body, inside a calcified eggshell
  • What is the general term for delivering content to an audience, as described in the text?
    Stage Presence
    Communication
    Public speaking
    Power of Expression
  • 5. Why is assessing animal well-being difficult?
    Animals cannot feel stress
    All animals behave the same
    Welfare is not measurable
    No universally accepted measures
  • 35. Castrated males are distinguished by:
    Heat cycles
    Large neck crest
    Presence of a sheath
    Very muscular build
  • 22. Hot-iron branding is used primarily for ________.
    Reproduction
    Identification
    Weight gain
    Health treatment