the pattern of rhyming lines; named using the letters of the alphabet (for example, AABBAABB)
rhyme scheme
A text structure in which information is conveyed as an issue or a problem of concern and solution(s) are explained.
problem/solution
What are the 4 ways authors create and develop their characters and the characters' perspectives?
dialogue, actions, thoughts, and feelings
Errors found in the reasoning of an argument; invalid arguments or flawed points that undermine or weaken the argument
fallacies (ad hominem, hasty generalization, slippery slope, etc.)
The process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment
logical reasoning
What is the reason an author wrote the passage called?
author's purpose
A type of reasoning that begins with one specific observation and applies to a broad conclusion; (example: The bakery across the street always has a line out the door. Therefore, the bakery sells delicious treats.)
inductive reasoning
the repetition of the vowel sound across words within the lines of the poem (beginning-middle-end)
assonance
the rhyming of the words at the end of the line; words with the same ending sounds
end rhyme
The distance between the left and right edges of a line in poetry
A text structure in which the similarities and/or differences of two or more people, things, concepts, or ideas are presented.
compare/contrast
When one stanza ends and another begins
stanza break
A question asked with no expectation of an answer (example: "Do I look like I was born yesterday?" or "What's the point of studying if I know I'll fail?")
rhetorical question
Source-based information including facts, figures, and details used to support the writer’s ideas (statistics, quotes, support, charts, etc.)
evidence
An appeal to credibility, trustworthiness, ethics, or moral principles
ethos
A type of reasoning that uses a given fact or set of facts to deduce other facts; follows a pattern, “if this is true, then this is also true”; (example: Whales are mammals. A beluga is a type of whale. Therefore, a beluga is a mammal.)
deductive reasoning
A brief and indirect reference to a well-known or famous person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance (example: You don’t have to be Albert Einstein to understand poetry.)
allusion
How much time do you have on the FAST Reading test?
ALL DAY
Simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, allusion, alliteration, and idiom are all examples of...
figurative language
A type of reasoning that begins with a pattern to infer information or make decisions; (example: The traffic is busy outside of Gotha Middle School every weekday at 9AM, so school must start soon.)
abductive reasoning
Words or phrases that are repeated
repetition
Opposite ideas near each for effect using parallel structure (example: United we stand; divided we fall.)
antithesis
What is the author's attitude toward the topic called?
author's perspective
What is a tool or strategy you can use on the FAST Reading test to help you be more successful?
highlighter, choice eliminator, scroll to the paragraph and re-read, double-check before moving to next passage, use extra time if needed
a typical character, setting, situation, or symbol that recurs in different versions of a story; a common element in many stories
archetype
Calling something a new name; a word or phrase for one thing that is used to refer to another thing in order to show they are similar
metaphor
Words near each other that start with the same sound; repetition of initial (beginning) sounds in two or more nearby words
alliteration
A text structure in which facts, events, or details are presented in the order in which they occurred in time.
chronological order
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