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Biology Chapter 12 Review

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  • Instance where the alleles for a trait are different.
    heterozygous
  • True or False: Meiosis produces genetically identical daughter cells
    True
    False
  • The physical expression of a trait.
    phenotype
  • In a monohybrid cross, how many traits are being crossed?
    3
    2
    4
    1
  • Chromosomes where genes are arranged in the same order.
    homologous chromosomes
  • Sex Cells; e.g. sperm & egg.
    gametes
  • A fertilized cell; i.e. the union of sperm and egg.
    zygote
  • During which phase of meiosis does the crossing over of homologous chromosomes take place?
    telophase I
    anaphase I
    prophase I
    metaphase I
  • Which of the following is NOT a reason why Mendel chose to study pea plants?
    he could control the traits that he wanted to use
    He could easily remove the female parts of the plant
    all of these
    He could use pollen from another type of pea plant
  • Body cells are considered to be
    none of these
    diploid
    polyploid
    haploid
  • Which of the following genotypes would represent a homozygous recessive individual?
    gG
    Gg
    gg
    GG
  • Which of the following genotypes would exhibit the dominant phenotype?
    gg
    Gg
    GG
    both GG and Gg
  • If you would cross a homozygous dominant individual with a heterozygous individual, what would be the phenotypic ratio of the possible offspring?
    100% would show the recessive trait
    50% would show dominant, 50% would show recessive
    100% would show the dominant trait
    25% would show dominant, 75% would show recessive
  • Half of the set of the chromosomes.
    haploid
  • Which phase of Meiosis impacts genetic variation the most?
    Metaphase I
    Telophase I
    Prophase I
    none of these
  • Human blood type is controlled by which complex pattern of inheritance?
    incomplete dominance
    multiple alleles
    polygenic inhertiance
  • A(n) ___________ is an offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait.
    allele
    hybrid
    all of these
    mutant
  • The allele combination an organism contains.
    genotype
  • Spotted coat color would be an example of a trait that follows which complex pattern of inheritance?
    polygenic inhertiance
    codominance
    incomplete dominance
    multiple alleles
  • The exchange of genetic material that occurs in prophase I.
    crossing over
  • Specific characteristics that are inherited.
    traits
  • All gametes are considered to be _______________.
    all of these
    diploid
    polyploid
    haploid
  • In a dihybrid cross, how many traits are being crossed?
    3
    1
    2
    4
  • Which of the following is an example of a gamete?
    brain cell
    none of these
    sperm cell
    liver cell
  • Mitosis is the division of ______________ and Meiosis is the division of _______________.
    somatic cells, gametes
    body cells, sex cells
    diploid cells, haploid cells
    all of these
  • Instance where the alleles for a trait are the same.
    homozygous
  • Which of the following best describes the definition of a gene?
    location on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
    an alternate form of a trait
    a characteristic
    none of these
  • The division of sex cells; produces haploid gametes.
    meiosis
  • Which of the following phenotypes would be expressed given the genotype tt?
    the dominant phenotype
    the recessive phenotype
    the heterozygous phenotype
  • Alternate form of a gene; represented by letters.
    alleles
  • Cells produced after meiosis is complete are considered to be ___________.
    diploid
    zygotes
    polyploid
    haploid
  • An instance where a blending of phenotypes occurs in the heterozygous individual is known as ________________.
    multiple alleles
    codominance
    polygenic inheritance
    incomplete dominance
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