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Waves

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  • A prism can be used to split white light into the colours that make it up. What is this process called??
    Refraction or dispersion
  • What type of wave is a Radio wave?
    Transverse
  • What property of a wave is labelled on this diagram?
    Amplitude
  • What type of waves are used to see the bones inside a patient?
    X-ray, Transverse
  • How can you use a strobe light to measure the frequency of a wave on a string?
    Set the strobe frequency so that the wave on the string appears to be still. The frequency of the strobe will now match the frequency of the wave.
  • What type of waves are used to create thermal images?
    Infra red, Transverse
  • What process causes a mirage (illusion of water on the road)?
    Refraction
  • We orbit the Sun at a distance of about 150 million km. Light moves at 300,000 kilometers/second. How long does it take for light to reach the Earth from the sun.
    500s or 8mins 20s
  • What is is called when sunlight refracts through water droplets and is dispersed into a spectrum?
    A rainbow
  • Which type of wave can travel through a vacuum?
    Transverse
  • How does a CAT scan create a 3D image of a patient?
    X-rays are used to create an image of a "slice" of the patient. Multiple image slices are stacked like a loaf of bread to create a 3D image.
  • Why would a nurse leave the room whilst the patient has an x-ray?
    To reduce the dose of ionising radiation the nurse receives.
  • When measuring the angle of incidence of light crossing a boundary, what imaginary line must you draw on your diagram?
    The "normal" line (a line at 90o to the boundary where the light crosses the boundary)
  • What is the angle between the particle oscillation and the energy propagation of a transverse wave?
    90o or perpendicular
  • When trying to find the wave speed of a water wave you have created in a ripple tank, what 2 quantities do you need to know?
    Frequency and wavelength (or Distance travelled and time)
  • Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is used for Wifi?
    Microwaves
  • Why is ionising radiation dangerous?
    Ionising radiation can damage, kill or cause cells to mutate (potentially becoming cancerous)
  • Define the frequency of a wave
    The number of complete waves which pass a point every second.
  • If the angle of incidence of light hitting a mirror is 43o, what will be the angle of reflection?
    43o
  • What is the angle between the particle oscillation and the energy propagation of a longitudinal wave?
    0o or parallel
  • Can sound travel through space (a vacuum)?
    No
  • What property of a wave is labelled on this diagram?
    Wavelength
  • What is the equation that links frequency with time period?
    f = 1/T or T = 1/f
  • Which parts of the Electromagnetic spectrum are ionising?
    UV, X-ray and Gamma rays
  • What word describes the movement of energy from one place to another.
    Propagate
  • What type of wave is a water wave?
    Transverse
  • What is the equation used to calculate wave velocity?
    Velocity = frequency x wavelength. Or speed = distance / time
  • Why might a hospital worker wear a dosimeter at work?
    If they work with ionising radiation, the dosimeter monitors the dose of radiation they receive.
  • When measuring the angle of incidence and refraction, how and where should you draw the normal line?
    At the point where the wave crosses the boundary, at 90o to the boundary.
  • How is radiotherapy different to a CAT scan?
    Radiotherapy is a treatment, a CAT scan produces an image for diagnosis.
  • What type of wave is a soundwave?
    Longitudinal
  • When a wave reflects from a surface, what is the link between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?
    Both angles are the same
  • When light cross a boundary from air to glass (fast to slower speed), will it bend towards or away from the normal line?
    Towards (the angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence)
  • How is a fluoroscope different to an x-ray you would have to check for a broken arm.
    The fluoroscope uses a fluorescent screen to create a real time (moving) image.
  • What type of wave is ultrasound?
    Longitudinal
  • Why would a patient need to consume a barium meal if they were having an x-ray to examine their intestine?
    These areas of the body cannot normally be seen on x-ray images unless coated in a white liquid called barium contrast.
  • What type of wave is light?
    Transverse
  • What type of wave is a "Mexican wave"?
    Transverse, the supporters oscillate at 90o to the wave propagation
  • What type of waves do bats use to navigate in the dark?
    Ultrasound, Longitudinal
  • What is the speed of light?
    300,000,000 m/s 3x10^8 m/s
  • What type of waves are used to communicate with satellites?
    Microwaves, Transverse
  • What is transferred by a wave?
    Energy
  • When a wave crosses a boundary and changes speed, it can change direction. What is this process called?
    Refraction
  • When measuring something small, but that repeats many times (such as the wavelength of a water wave), how can you increase the accuracy of your measurement?
    Measure multiple and then divide by the number you measured (e.g. measure 10 wavelengths and then divide by 10)
  • What word describes back and forth movement about a point?
    Oscillate or Vibrate
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