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Eratosthenes, Doppler and Priestly

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  • Which country did Eratosthenes live in?
    Ancient Greece (in Egypt at the Library of Alexandria)
  • What assumption did Eratosthenes make about the Sun’s rays?
    That they arrive at Earth parallel to each other
  • What everyday example demonstrates the Doppler effect?
    An ambulance siren changing pitch as it passes
  • How did Priestley discover oxygen?
    By heating mercury oxide with sunlight
  • What tool did Eratosthenes mainly use to make his calculations?
    A gnomon or stick for measuring shadows
  • What gas did Priestley discover?
    Oxygen
  • What did Priestley use to test his gas samples?
    Candles and animals (like mice)
  • What is Eratosthenes famous for measuring?
    Earth’s circumference
  • How did Eratosthenes measure Earth’s size?
    By comparing shadows at two locations
  • What effect did Priestley notice when mice breathed oxygen?
    They lived longer and were more active
  • What does the Doppler effect help astronomers measure?
    Whether stars and galaxies are moving toward or away from us
  • What happens to light from stars moving away from Earth?
    It becomes red-shifted
  • What scientific idea is Doppler known for?
    The Doppler effect
  • What happens to sound waves when something moves toward you?
    The waves compress and frequency increases
  • What important process did Priestley discover with plants?
    Plants release oxygen
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