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Classifying:
→ This sentence divides things into groups or categories.
Example:
Loud noises can trigger a dog to bark.
Payment
Money or something of value given in return for goods or services.
Example:
In ancient times, people paid with cowrie shells instead of coins.
Example:
Turning art into items to sell is a way to commodify it.
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Example:
“As economist Maynard Keynes said, ‘Ideas shape the course of history.’”
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Do you think contactless payments are safer or riskier than traditional methods?
👉 Why do you feel that way?
Example:
“There are two types of money: commodity and fiat.”
Understanding these roles helps you
follow the logic and purpose of the text more clearly.
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Condition:
→ This sentence shows a “if–then” situation, explaining what happens under certain conditions.
Sumer
One of the world’s first civilizations, located in what is now southern Iraq. Region of Ancient Mesopotamia
✅
In short:
Judgement
The ability to make good decisions or opinions.
Defining:
→ This sentence gives a definition. It tells what something is.
Example:
After eating at the restaurant, the waiter gave us the bill.
How do you usually pay for small items like snacks or drinks?
👉 Why do you prefer that method?
Cowrie Shells
Small sea shells that were once used as money in many parts of the world.
Have you ever used a gift card or store voucher?
👉 How did you feel about using it?
Example:
“Sumerian tokens were an early form of money.”
Each sentence in a paragraph serves a specific role —
to define, classify, quote, report, show cause/effect, state a condition, or name something.
TOPIC
“Understanding the Function of Sentences.”
Naming:
→ This sentence simply identifies or names something.
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New
Vocabulary
Transactions
Exchanges where people buy, sell, or trade something.
Example:
A book is tangible- an idea is not.
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If you could design a new way of paying for things in the future, what would it be like?
👉 How would it make life easier for people?
Cause–Effect:
→ This sentence explains a reason or result (why something happens).
Example:
“According to archeologists, the first money was Sumerian tokens.”
Bill 💵
👉 A piece of paper that shows how much money you must pay for something (like at a restaurant or for electricity).
Example:
Having a store nearby is a convenience.
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In your opinion, is it better to budget money with cash envelopes or by tracking card expenses?
👉 Why do you think that method works better?
Signify
To mean or show something.
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Quoting:
→ This sentence uses someone’s exact words to support a point.
Example:
The teacher praised her student’s good judgement in choosing a project.
NEW
VOCABULARY
Can you remember a time when you couldn’t pay because you didn’t have the right payment method?
👉 How did you solve the problem?
This reading skill helps you figure out why a sentence is written — what its purpose or function is in the text.
Knowing this helps you understand how information is organized and how ideas connect.
Example:
A bank underwrites (guarantees) a loan.
Here are the
examples and their meanings:
Example:
She used her credit card to buy a new jacket online.
Policy
A plan of action or set of rules made by a person, company, or government.
Example:
A stable bridge is safe to cross.
Do you think online shopping has changed the way people pay for things?
👉 How has it changed your habits, if at all?
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Example:
The bearer of a ticket is the person who has it and can use it.
Bearer
A person who carries or holds something.
When you travel, do you prefer to carry local cash or rely on cards?
👉 Why do you make that choice?
Example:
The movie is essentially about friendship.
Stable
Not likely to change or fall apart- steady and secure.
Example:
Sumer had some of the earliest cities and writing systems.
Essentially
Basically or most importantly.
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Example:
“The first universal credit card was the Diners Club card.”
Example:
You make a payment when you buy a ticket.
Example:
Buying a snack at a store is a transaction.
Commodify
To turn something into a product that can be bought or sold.
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Example:
A red light can signify “stop” on the road.
Example:
“Today’s money has value because a government says that it does.”
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Trigger
To cause something to start or happen.
Reporting:
→ This sentence shares information from a source or expert.
Convenience
Something that makes life easier or quicker.
How do advertisements or promotions influence your decision on how to pay?
👉 Can you give an example?
Credit Card 💳
👉 A plastic card from a bank that lets you buy things now and pay for them later.
Example:
“If you heat gold, it melts easily, making it ideal for creating coins.”
Tangible
Something you can touch or physically feel.
Example:
The school has a policy about wearing uniforms.
Have you ever received change in coins that you didn’t like carrying?
👉 How did you handle the situation?
Underwrites
Promises to support or guarantee something, especially financially.