5. A schema is best described as: A) A bias in visual perception B) A mental framework that organizes information C) A visual illusion D) A temporary emotional response
B) A mental framework that organizes information
Perception and sensation mean the same thing. ✅ True / ❌ False
❌ False – Sensation is biological input; perception is interpretation.
Top-down processing uses previous experience to interpret new information. ✅ True / ❌ False
✅ True
1. What is the main difference between sensation and perception? A) Sensation is psychological, perception is biological B) Sensation involves raw sensory input, perception involves interpretation C) Both are identical processes D) Sensati
B) Sensation involves raw sensory input, perception involves interpretation
Closure allows the mind to fill in missing information to form complete images. ✅ True / ❌ False
✅ True
8. The closure principle suggests that: A) We group similar objects together B) We complete incomplete figures mentally C) We focus only on differences between objects D) We perceive depth in images
B) We complete incomplete figures mentally
Proximity refers to the grouping of elements that are far apart. ✅ True / ❌ False
❌ False – It refers to grouping elements that are close together.
4. When you read a new word for the first time, which type of processing are you using? A) Top-down processing B) Sideways processing C) Bottom-up processing D) Emotional processing
B) Sideways processing
Gestalt psychology emphasizes perception as an organized whole. ✅ True / ❌ False
✅ True
Bottom-up processing is influenced mainly by prior knowledge. ✅ True / ❌ False
❌ False – It is driven by external sensory input.
2. Which of the following correctly represents the three steps of sensation? A) Transmission → Transduction → Reception B) Reception → Transmission → Transduction C) Reception → Transduction → Transmission
C) Reception → Transduction → Transmission
3. Bottom-up processing refers to: A) Perceiving information based on prior knowledge and expectations B) Perceiving information based purely on external sensory input C) Ignoring sensory data and relying on emotions
B) Perceiving information based purely on external sensory input C) Ignoring sensory data and relying on emotions
The principle of similarity states that items different in shape or color are grouped together. ✅ True / ❌ False
❌ False – Similar items are grouped together.
6. What is a perceptual set? A) The ability to perceive all sensory input accurately B) The readiness to perceive something in a particular way C) A type of Gestalt principle D) A form of sensory adaptation
B) The readiness to perceive something in a particular way
10. When we see an object as distinct from its background, we are demonstrating which principle? A) Proximity B) Similarity C) Figure & Ground D) Closure
C) Figure & Ground
Transduction converts a physical stimulus into a neural signal. ✅ True / ❌ False
✅ True
Perceptual sets influence what we expect to see. ✅ True / ❌ False
✅ True
7. According to Gestalt psychology, we tend to perceive: A) Isolated parts instead of the whole B) The world as random and disconnected C) Organized patterns and wholes D) Only what we expect based on memory
C) Organized patterns and wholes
Schemas and perceptual sets always help us perceive the world accurately.✅ True / ❌ False – They can also cause biases.
❌ False – They can also cause biases.
9. Which Gestalt principle explains why we see nearby objects as belonging together? A) Proximity B) Similarity C) Closure D) Figure and Ground
D) Figure and Ground
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