What scale is used to measure earthquake intensity?
Richter Scale
Name all 7 of the landform regions
Western Cordillera, Interior Plains, Innuitian Mountains, Hudson Bay/Arctic Lowlands, Great Lakes St Lawrence Lowllands, Canadian Shield, Appalachian Mountains
What are the layers of the earth?
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
What is the explanation for how tectonic plates move?
Convection currents
In what landform region can we find the oldest rocks?
Canadian Shield
What are the four different geographic perspectives?
social, economic, environmental, and political
What was Pangea, and why does it no longer exist?
One large supercontinent. It split apart because of plate tectonics and continental drift.
What were the three big pieces of evidence that helped scientists realize the theory of plate tectonics?
1. The continents fit together like a puzzle. 2. Similar fossils found on different continents 3. Similar rocks/ages found on separated continents
What is sediment, and how is it formed?
Weathering and eroding of rock into sand, pebbles, and dust.
How are igneous rocks formed?
From cooled lava/magma
What is the average temperature AND total amount of precipitation for the month of October in this image?
11 degrees, 90mm
What are some characteristics of the Western Cordillera
tall rugged mountains, snow-capped, trees, rivers, lakes
In what landform region are you most likely to see a polar bear?
Hudson Bay/Arctic Lowlands
Explain how a sedimentary rock forms.
sediments compacted over time eventually are under enough pressure to form rock
What are the three ways tectonic plates can interact? ie. what are the three different types of plate boundaries?
divergent, convergent, and slip fault
What landform region is Hamilton in?
Great Lakes St. Lawrence Lowlands
A magnitude 6 earthquake is how much more powerful than a magnitude 4 earthquake?
100x more powerful
St. John's NewFoundland and Portugal sit at roughly the same latitude, but Portugal is much warmer than St. John's. What LOWERN factor can help explain this? John's
Ocean Currents
Explain how a tsunami can form?
tectonic plates collide underwater causing an earthquake which releases energy into the ocean and causes a massive wave
Explain how elevation affects the climate of a region.
More height=colder because there are less air molecules available to trap heat
Water takes longer to heat up and cool down than air. It also holds on to its heat for a long time. How does this affect the climate in a region?
Summer's don't get as hot, and winters don't get as cold. Water acts as a moderator of temperature and climate.
Explain how Relief affects the climate of a region.
As air moves over a mountain range, the air cools, condenses, and releases it's moisture. On the opposite side of the mountain, the conditions are dryer
Explain 3 ways in which sedimentary rock can transform into something else.
1. eroded back into sediments 2. under heat and pressure can become metamorphic 3. can melt and cool into igneous
Why does it get colder the further you get from the equator?
The sun's energy is less direct, therefore it's colder
What types of natural disasters can be found along plate boundaries?
volcanoes, and earth quakes