Classifying:
→ This sentence divides things into groups or categories.
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Example:
She used her credit card to buy a new jacket online.
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New
Vocabulary
Example:
“Today’s money has value because a government says that it does.”
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Bill 💵
👉 A piece of paper that shows how much money you must pay for something (like at a restaurant or for electricity).
Can you remember a time when you couldn’t pay because you didn’t have the right payment method?
👉 How did you solve the problem?
Example:
“As economist Maynard Keynes said, ‘Ideas shape the course of history.’”
Example:
Having a store nearby is a convenience.
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Example:
“If you heat gold, it melts easily, making it ideal for creating coins.”
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Example:
“Sumerian tokens were an early form of money.”
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Stable
Not likely to change or fall apart- steady and secure.
In your opinion, is it better to budget money with cash envelopes or by tracking card expenses?
👉 Why do you think that method works better?
Reporting:
→ This sentence shares information from a source or expert.
Signify
To mean or show something.
Example:
After eating at the restaurant, the waiter gave us the bill.
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TOPIC
“Understanding the Function of Sentences.”
Have you ever used a gift card or store voucher?
👉 How did you feel about using it?
How do you usually pay for small items like snacks or drinks?
👉 Why do you prefer that method?
Trigger
To cause something to start or happen.
Example:
A stable bridge is safe to cross.
Example:
“The first universal credit card was the Diners Club card.”
Example:
Turning art into items to sell is a way to commodify it.
Transactions
Exchanges where people buy, sell, or trade something.
Tangible
Something you can touch or physically feel.
When you travel, do you prefer to carry local cash or rely on cards?
👉 Why do you make that choice?
Naming:
→ This sentence simply identifies or names something.
Do you think online shopping has changed the way people pay for things?
👉 How has it changed your habits, if at all?
Policy
A plan of action or set of rules made by a person, company, or government.
Example:
Buying a snack at a store is a transaction.
Bearer
A person who carries or holds something.
Example:
In ancient times, people paid with cowrie shells instead of coins.
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Example:
The bearer of a ticket is the person who has it and can use it.
Condition:
→ This sentence shows a “if–then” situation, explaining what happens under certain conditions.
Example:
The movie is essentially about friendship.
Example:
The school has a policy about wearing uniforms.
Here are the
examples and their meanings:
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Payment
Money or something of value given in return for goods or services.
Example:
“There are two types of money: commodity and fiat.”
Commodify
To turn something into a product that can be bought or sold.
✅
In short:
Cause–Effect:
→ This sentence explains a reason or result (why something happens).
Judgement
The ability to make good decisions or opinions.
Example:
The teacher praised her student’s good judgement in choosing a project.
Example:
A bank underwrites (guarantees) a loan.
Example:
A red light can signify “stop” on the road.
Example:
“According to archeologists, the first money was Sumerian tokens.”
If you could design a new way of paying for things in the future, what would it be like?
👉 How would it make life easier for people?
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Cowrie Shells
Small sea shells that were once used as money in many parts of the world.
Underwrites
Promises to support or guarantee something, especially financially.
Credit Card 💳
👉 A plastic card from a bank that lets you buy things now and pay for them later.
Example:
You make a payment when you buy a ticket.
Quoting:
→ This sentence uses someone’s exact words to support a point.
Example:
Sumer had some of the earliest cities and writing systems.
Do you think contactless payments are safer or riskier than traditional methods?
👉 Why do you feel that way?
Example:
Loud noises can trigger a dog to bark.
NEW
VOCABULARY
Understanding these roles helps you
follow the logic and purpose of the text more clearly.
How do advertisements or promotions influence your decision on how to pay?
👉 Can you give an example?
Convenience
Something that makes life easier or quicker.
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This reading skill helps you figure out why a sentence is written — what its purpose or function is in the text.
Knowing this helps you understand how information is organized and how ideas connect.
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Have you ever received change in coins that you didn’t like carrying?
👉 How did you handle the situation?
Each sentence in a paragraph serves a specific role —
to define, classify, quote, report, show cause/effect, state a condition, or name something.
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Essentially
Basically or most importantly.
Defining:
→ This sentence gives a definition. It tells what something is.
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Sumer
One of the world’s first civilizations, located in what is now southern Iraq. Region of Ancient Mesopotamia
Example:
A book is tangible- an idea is not.
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