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4.3_Chemical Reactions / 4.4 The Building Blocks ...

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  • Why is carbon so versatile?
    It cannot bond with hydrogen
    It forms no stable compounds
    It can bond with itself and many other atoms
    It only forms single bonds
  • Which law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed?
    Law of Conservation of Matter
    Law of Thermodynamics
    Newton’s Law of Motion
    Theory of Relativity
  • What are reactions that release energy called?
    Enzymatic reactions
    Endothermic reactions
    Mechanical reactions
    Exothermic reactions
  • What affects enzyme activity?
    Temperature and pH
    Size and color
    Light and sound
    Gravity and speed
  • What protein carries oxygen in blood?
    Amylase
    Insulin
    Keratin
    Hemoglobin
  • What are macromolecules?
    Small single atoms
    Large molecules made of smaller molecules
    Only gases
    Only simple sugars
  • What are substances formed in a chemical reaction called?
    Mixtures
    Products
    Compounds
    Reactants
  • Where do biochemical reactions occur?
    Inside cells
    In rocks
    In gases
    Outside cells
  • What is a monomer?
    A sugar only
    Small unit that makes up a polymer
    A protein
    A large molecule
  • How many bonds can carbon form?
    Two
    Three
    Five
    Four
  • What are substances that start a chemical reaction called?
    Reactants
    Products
    Elements
    Compounds
  • What element is the chemical backbone of life?
    Carbon
    Nitrogen
    Hydrogen
    Oxygen
  • Which type of change forms a new substance?
    Mixture
    Chemical change
    Phase change
    Physical change
  • What are polysaccharides?
    Single sugar units
    Proteins made of amino acids
    Chains of many sugar molecules
    Fats with double bonds
  • What enzyme breaks maltose into glucose?
    Pepsin
    Maltase
    Amylase
    Lipase
  • What are proteins made of?
    Nucleotides
    Amino acids
    Monosaccharides
    Fatty acids
  • What is a biochemical reaction?
    A nuclear reaction
    A chemical reaction inside living cells
    A mechanical process
    A physical reaction outside cells
  • What does DNA store?
    Proteins
    Genetic information
    Energy
    Fat
  • What is the function of lipids?
    DNA storage
    Long-term energy storage
    Short-term energy
    Protein production
  • What are endothermic reactions in organisms called?
    Catabolic reactions
    Anabolic reactions
    Neutral reactions
    Exothermic reactions
  • What are enzymes?
    Biological catalysts that speed up reactions
    Acids in the stomach
    Energy sources in cells
    Chemicals that slow down reactions
  • What enzyme breaks starch into maltose?
    Cellulase
    Protease
    Lipase
    Amylase
  • What are reactions that absorb energy called?
    Physical reactions
    Endothermic reactions
    Catabolic reactions
    Exothermic reactions
  • What is the main function of carbohydrates?
    Short-term energy for living things
    Building cell membranes
    Transporting oxygen
    Storing genetic code
  • What is organic chemistry?
    The study of gases
    The study of metals
    The study of carbon-based molecules
    The study of rocks
  • What are the two types of nucleic acids?
    ATP and ADP
    Glucose and starch
    DNA and RNA
    Carbon and nitrogen
  • What is the general equation for an exothermic reaction?
    Energy → Products + Reactants
    Products → Reactants + Energy
    Reactants + Energy → Products
    Reactants → Products + Energy
  • What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
    Nucleotides
    Fatty acids
    Sugars
    Amino acids
  • Why are enzymes vital for life?
    They cool the body
    They help reactions occur fast enough to sustain life
    They store energy
    They remove carbon dioxide
  • What are the two main types of fatty acids?
    Saturated and unsaturated
    Hydrogenated and oxidized
    Monomers and polymers
    Simple and complex
  • What are organic compounds?
    Compounds mainly found in living things
    Compounds with metals
    Compounds without carbon
    Mixtures of elements
  • How do enzymes speed up reactions?
    They remove products
    They add more reactants
    They lower activation energy
    They increase temperature
  • What happens during a chemical reaction?
    Atoms are rearranged to form new substances
    Only physical changes occur
    Energy is destroyed
    Atoms disappear
  • What is cellulose?
    Polymer that makes up plant cell walls
    Fat molecule in humans
    Energy molecule in animals
    Protein in blood
  • What are exothermic reactions in organisms called?
    Metabolic reactions
    Anabolic reactions
    Catabolic reactions
    Neutral reactions
  • What is activation energy?
    Total energy in products
    Energy released after a reaction
    Energy stored in bonds
    Energy needed to start a reaction
  • What happens if enzymes lose their shape?
    They make new enzymes
    They become denatured and stop working
    They change into products
    They work faster forever
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