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Diseases and Immune System

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  • A non spreading tumour is called what?
    Benign
  • What cells are produced to kill pathogens?
    White blood cells
  • What is a non infectious disease
    A disease not caused by pathogens and not contagious
  • Which lifestyle related disease features high blood sugar?
    Type 2 diabetes
  • Genetic disorders are caused by mutations in what?
    DNA or chromosomes
  • Babies receive antibodies from placenta or breast milk what is this called?
    Natural passive immunity
  • What proteins bind to matching antigens like a key in a lock?
    Antibodies
  • Excessive alcohol can cause failure of which organ?
    Liver
  • Which condition is linked to high energy intake and low activity?
    Obesity
  • What response brings extra white blood cells to an infected area?
    Inflammation
  • Name one possible form of a vaccine?
    Dead pathogen, Live but non virulent pathogen, mRNA, Weakened or inactive toxin
  • Vaccination is an example of which immunity?
    Acquired active immunity
  • Is the third line specific or non specific?
    Specific
  • How many lines of defence does the immune system have?
    Three
  • Giving a person antigens to stimulate immunity is called what?
    Vaccination
  • Why do vaccines give immunity without illness?
    They make the body produce antibodies without infection
  • If no antibodies exist how long may it take to make new ones?
    Up to a week
  • What structures around eyes nose and ears help catch particles?
    Hairs
  • What is the main job of the immune system?
    Protect the body from foreign invaders
  • Environmental factors like toxins or radiation can lead to what?
    Disease
  • What white blood cells engulf and digest pathogens?
    Phagocytes
  • What is the process of engulfing and destroying pathogens called?
    Phagocytosis
  • Is the second line specific or non specific?
    Non specific
  • A spreading invasive tumour is called what?
    Malignant
  • What do we call faulty cells that keep dividing?
    Tumours
  • Why are breaks in the skin risky?
    They allow entry for pathogens
  • What chemical markers help immune cells recognise self from non self?
    Antigens
  • What second line response raises body temperature to hinder pathogens?
    Fever
  • Which second line process prevents further infection through wounds?
    Blood clotting
  • Do viruses have a protective coat that helps them move through barriers?
    Yes
  • Which cause category includes poor lifestyle choices?
    Diet and lifestyle
  • What wet linings trap pathogens at body openings?
    Mucous membranes
  • Are non infectious diseases always harmless
    No
  • Smoking greatly increases the risk of what class of disease?
    Cancers
  • Which disease is caused by lack of vitamin C?
    Scurvy
  • What is the main physical barrier in the first line?
    Skin
  • If a mutation occurs in eggs or sperm can it be passed to children?
    Yes
  • Which second line process increases blood supply and causes swelling?
    Inflammation
  • What type of immunity occurs when you make your own antibodies after infection?
    Natural active immunity
  • What nickname describes the second line response after entry?
    Seek and destroy
  • Can you catch a non infectious disease from someone?
    No
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