Study

Autoimmunity an hypersensitivity

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  • Natural immunity provides immediate and specific defense.
    False, Natural (innate) immunity is fast but not antigen-specific.
  • Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system succeeds to distinguish between self and non-self.
    False, Autoimmunity arises from the immune system mistakenly attacking its own tissues.
  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity is mediated by T-lymphocytes.
    True
  • Serum sickness typically develops 1-2 weeks after exposure to a drug or antiserum.
    True
  • The most common allergen causing allergic contact dermatitis worldwide is nickel.
    True
  • Inhaled corticosteroids are used cautiously in TB because they suppress local lung immunity.
    True, they may allow latent TB to reactivate and worsen infections.
  • Breast milk provides natural active immunity to infants.
    False, Breast milk provides **natural passive immunity** through IgA antibodies.
  • Cytotoxic hypersensitivity (Type II) is mediated by immune complexes deposited in tissues.
    False : Type II is due to IgG/IgM binding directly to cells; Type III involves immune complex deposition.
  • Immune complex hypersensitivity is classified as Type III.
    True
  • Epinephrine reverses anaphylaxis by bronchodilation, vasoconstriction, and improved cardiac output.
    True, epinephrine acts on α- and β-adrenergic receptors to counteract anaphylaxis.
  • Plasma cells are derived from activated B lymphocytes.
    True, Once activated, B cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies.
  • Antihistamines are absolutely safe for use in all stages of pregnancy.
    False, many antihistamines cross the placenta; some are contraindicated, especially in the first trimester.
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