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Enlightenment Period

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  • The English Civil War challenged the idea that:
    Free markets should regulate society
    Governments should protect life, liberty, and property
    Scientific observation was important
    Kings ruled by divine right and were accountable only to God
  • How did the rise of literacy contribute to the spread of Enlightenment ideas?
    It reduced interest in scientific studies
    It strengthened the power of monarchs
    It allowed only scholars to read classical texts
    It enabled new ideas to reach merchants, artisans, and and parts of the working class
  • Which of the following was a literary impact of liberty during the Enlightenment?
    Decline of novels focusing on individuals
    Praise for the aristocracy’s moral superiority
    Support for rigid class hierarchy
    Growth of political pamphlets calling for reform
  • Which of the following BEST summarizes the social meaning of progress?
    It restricted social mobility
    Knowledge and morality create a more ideal society
    It encouraged nostalgia for medieval values
    It limited the influence of science on education
  • What economic principle did Adam Smith emphasize in The Wealth of Nations?
    Absolute monarchy
    Religious influence on economics
    Government control over trade
    Free markets, competition, and the invisible hand
  • What role did coffeehouses in Britain and salons in France play during the Enlightenment?
    They were centers of debate and discussion
    They were places for religious worship
    They were libraries for storing books
    They were only for the elite to socialize
  • What was John Locke known for in the context of the Enlightenment?
    Explaining natural laws through mathematics
    Writing the Encyclopédie
    People are born with life, liberty, and property
    Developing the principles of modern economics
  • Enlightenment thinkers declared that people have:
    Natural rights
    Supernatural powers
    Duties to obey the king
    Unlimited wealth
  • The use of heroic couplet in Neoclassical poetry primarily reflected which Enlightenment ideal?
    Order, balance, and reason
    Celebration of absolute monarchy
    Emphasis on supernatural elements
    Chaos and freedom of expression
  • Advances in science, trade, and urbanization made people believe that:
    Only the rich deserved progress
    The past was better than the present
    Society was in decline
    Society could continuously improve
  • Characters “symbolizing reason overcoming ignorance” represent:
    The fear of intellectual progress
    The superiority of aristocracy
    The rejection of science
    The triumph of knowledge and rationality
  • What political principle was demonstrated by the Glorious Revolution and the Bill of Rights in England?
    Economic regulation by the church
    Government by divine right
    Absolute monarchy
    Limited government and the rule of law
  • Why was the Enlightenment called the “Age of Reason”?
    Because it began in America
    Because it was a period dominated by kings and monarchs
    Because it focused on religious authority and tradition
    Because reason, science, and knowledge illuminated society and freed it from ignorance, superstition, and oppression
  • Which literary development is directly linked to the idea of liberty?
    Novels started to focus on the individual
    Religious texts became more dominant
    Epic poems glorified the king
    Plays avoided political topics
  • Which literary form became widely used to expose irrationality in society during the Enlightenment?
    Mythological tales
    Epic narratives
    Romantic poetry
    Satire
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