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Modal and phrasal modals

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  • Workers ___ wear helmets at all times on this site.
    Have to
  • You ___ drink more water, it’s good for your health.
    Should
  • She ___ run very fast when she was younger.
    Could
  • Students ___ bring their ID cards to the exam.
    Have to
  • She failed the exam. She ___ (1) studied harder, and she ___ (2) wasted so much time watching TV.
    should have / shouldn’t have
  • Peter looks very happy. He ___ (1) received good news, or he ___ (2) passed his driving test.
    must have / might have
  • The museum was closed yesterday. We ___ (1) entered without permission, and we ___ (2) waited until it opened instead.
    could / should have
  • When I was a child, I ___ climb trees easily.
    Could
  • You ___ use your phone in the library. It’s forbidden
    Can’t
  • The lights are off and nobody is answering the phone. They ___ (1) gone out, or they ___ (2) be sleeping.
    Could have/might
  • Yesterday, Mark didn’t come to class. He ___ (1) been sick, or he ___ (2) overslept. Both are possible explanations.
    Might/may
  • The meeting was important. We ___ (1) arrived on time, but the traffic was terrible. At least we ___ (2) called to explain.
    should have / could have