What body system is a complex network that coordinates all functions?
Nervous
What are tiny, thin-walled vessels that exchange oxygen and waste products?
Capillaries
Which muscles in the muscular system are voluntary?
Skeletal
What is the organ that produces hormones aiding with digestion?
Pancreas
What glad in the brain produces melatonin, aiding with sleep?
Pineal
What system is responsible for moving blood around the body?
Cardiovascular
What are the divisions of the skeletal system?
Axial and appendicular
What does bone marrow do within the bones?
Blood cell production
What secrete sweat and sebum?
Glands
What is the organ that filters blood and removes old red blood cells?
Spleen
What part of the skeletal system is flexible connective tissue cushioning joints?
Cartilage
What system is the body's outermost protective layer?
Integumentary
What is the network of organs that facilitates gas exchange?
Respiratory system
What are the muscular contractions that move food through digestion?
Peristalsis
What does the autonomic nervous system control?
Breathing, heart rate, digestion.
What is the process that physically breaks down food through chewing?
Mechanical digestion
Biological system for creating new life.
Reproductive
What is the nervous system doing when it processes thoughts and emotions?
Cognition
What is it called when the body takes in food and liquids?
Ingestion
What organ produces digestive enzymes?
Pancreas
What does the peripheral nervous system do?
It connects the rest of the body to the CNS.
What is the colorless fluid that contains white blood cells?
Lymph
What structures protect the central nervous system?
Skull and vertebral column
What system contains a network of glands and organs that produce hormones?
Endocrine
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
Fluid balance, immune defense, fat absorption
Which muscles are involuntary and found in your digestive tract and the walls of your veins?
Smooth
What does the somatic nervous system control?
Walking and talking.
What does the endocrine system manage by regulating and storing energy?
Metabolism
What do the muscles contribute to through involuntary contractions we call shivering?
Heat production
Which muscles are involuntary and responsible for circulating blood and pumping the heart?
Cardiac
What is it called when the body breaks food down into smaller molecules?
Digestion
What are the four tiny glands on the thyroid that control calcium levels in the blood?
Parathyroid
What is the complex system that breaks down food into nutrients?
Digestive
What structure located in the brain controls the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
What do sweat glands do in addition to releasing water and salt?
Waste Excretion
What is the portion of circulation that involves the movement of blood?
Pulmonary
What is it called when the body eliminates waste products?
Excretion
What is the primary function of the central nervous system?
Sending and receiving information.
What is the fluid medium that carries oxygen?
Blood
What protects the tips of the fingers and toes?
Nails
What are the small bean-shaped organs that filter fluid and trap pathogens?
Lymph nodes
What are the spongy organs where gas exchange occurs?
Lungs
What are sensory receptors in the skin that detect stimuli?
Nerves
What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system?
Somatic and Autonomic
What is the gland where t-cells mature?
Thymus
What does the skeletal system provide for the body with its rigid framework?
Support
The skeletal system facilitates what by working together with the muscular system?
Movement
What is the passageway for air?
Pharynx
What system filters blood to remove waste?
Urinary
What is responsible for the production of sound, sometimes called the voicebox?
Larynx
What is the muscular system's primary function?
Movement
What is constantly adjusted by micro movements made by the muscular system?
Posture
Emotional responses are part of which function regulated by the endocrine system?
Mood
What are vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart?
Veins
What does the endocrine system regulate by controlling processes like the menstrual cycle?
Reproduction
What is the portion of circulation that involves the movement of blood between the rest of the body?
Systemic
The body has how many layers of skin?
Three
What organ produces bile for digesting fat?
Liver
Tube that carries urine out if the body.
Urethra
What is the opening where waste is eliminated from the body?
Anus
What are vessels that carry oxygen to the rest of the body?
Arteries
Provides a place for the fertilized egg to rest and grow.
Uterus
Which parts of the respiratory system warm, filter, and humidify incoming air?
Nose and nasal cavity
What system works with the immune system to maintain fluid balance?
Lymphatic
What part of the skeletal system is living tissue forming its rigid framework?
Bones
What is the basic key function of the skeletal system?
Support and shape
What part of the integumentary system provides insulation for the skin?
Hair
What is the integumentary system's primary function?
It acts as a physical barrier.
Tendons offer what to the skeletal system by connecting muscles to bones?
Joint stability
What does the integumentary system offer against viruses, radiation, and injury?
Protection
What is the network throughout the body that carries fluid?
Lymphatic vessels
What system is the body's internal support structure?
Skeletal
What is the cardiovascular system's number one primary function?
Transporting oxygen
What supports and protects neurons?
Glial cells
What does the integumentary system maintain by preventing fluid loss or by sweating?
Fluid Balance
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Central and Peripheral
What are chemical messengers released and synapses?
Neurotransmitters
Slender tubes from kidneys to bladder.
Ureters
What are the lymphatic tissues at the back of the throat that trap germs?
Tonsils
What does the endocrine system regulate by producing hormones throughout the life cycle?
Growth and Development
Where is stool formed?
Large intestine
What is the process that uses enzymes and acids to break down food?
Chemical digestion
Receive the egg.
Fallopian tube
What does the skeletal system offer the brain, heart, and lungs?
Protection
What does the integumentary system regulate by sweating?
Temperature
What is the tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach?
Esophagus
What connective tissues attach bones to muscles?
Tendons
Sperm in males, ova in females.
Gamete production
Two bean-shaped organs that filter blood and remove waste.
Kidneys
What glands on the kidneys regulating the stress response?
Adrenal
What endocrine structure produces hormones in the brain that regulate other endocrine glands?
Pituitary gland
What are the fibrous bands that connect bones to one another?
Ligaments
What is the largest organ in the body?
The skin.
Your skull and rib cage belong to which part of your skeleton?
Axial
What is it called when nutrients are moved from the stomach into the bloodstream?
Absorption
What are the muscles that contract and relax to change the volume of the chest cavity?
Diaphragm and intercostals.
What do the bones offer by maintaining calcium levels?
Mineral Storage
What is it called when the nervous system maintains a stable internal environment?
Homeostasis
What are nerve cells that transmit electrical impulses?
Neurons
How does the nervous system facilitate sensory perception?
Receiving and interpreting information.
What propels blood throughout the body?
Heart
The bones in your arms and legs belong to which part of your skeleton?
Appendicular
What is the general name for the organs that produce hormones for reproduction?
Gonads
How does the nervous system facilitate communication in the body?
Sends and receives information.
What glad in the neck regulates metabolism and growth?
Thyroid
Hollow, muscular sac that stores urine.
Bladder
Fight-or-flight is is coordinated by the endocrine system as part of which function?
Stress response
Filter blood to remove metabolic garbage.
Waste Removal
What system enables movement, maintains posture, and circulates blood?
Muscular
What does the muscular system maintain by contracting the cardiac muscles?
Circulation
Where does digestion begin?
In the mouth
What are the tubes that carry air from the larynx to the lungs?
Trachea and bronchi
What organ stores and concentrates bile?
Gallbladder
How does the nervous system achieve motor control?
Coordinating movement.
How many muscles in the muscular system?
650
What does the integumentary system synthesize when it is exposed to sunlight?
Vitamin D
Regulate body's water, ion, and electrolyte levels.
Fluid balance
What are the tiny thin-walled air sacs where oxygen is diffused into capillaries?
Alveoli
These produce sperm.
Testes
What is the primary site of nutrient absorption?
Small intestine