Without mauri (life force), mana cannot flow into a person or object - mauri provides the energy that allows mana to exist.
Why is Cultural Property often problematic when appropriated?
It's often something the minority group has been discriminated against for, yet the majority group can use it without facing that discrimination.
Why is consultation important in cultural appreciation?
It shows respect for the originating culture and ensures proper understanding and appropriate use of cultural elements.
Why might a rāhui be placed on an area?
Because the area is considered tapu (sacred/restricted) and people need to be prohibited from entering to respect its sacred nature.
What does 'mauri' mean?
Life force
What is the Cultural Integrity Scorecard used for?
To help decide on the cultural integrity of examples by measuring whether something is appropriation or appreciation on a scale.
What does 'taonga' mean in Māori culture?
Treasured possessions in Māori culture, including both tangible (physical) and intangible (non-physical) things that are socially or culturally valuable.
What does 'noa' mean?
Unrestricted, normal, common
What is the third 'P' in the 3 P's of Cultural Appropriation?
Profit
What is a pepeha and why is it important?
A way of introducing yourself that includes ancestral connections to land, water, and people - it's important because it establishes identity and relationships
What role does understanding play in cultural appreciation?
It ensures respectful engagement and helps distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate use of cultural elements.
What is meant by 'genuine intentions' in cultural appreciation?
Having sincere, respectful motives for engaging with another culture rather than doing it for superficial or exploitative reasons.
What is the first 'P' in the 3 P's of Cultural Appropriation?
Cultural Property
What does 'tikanga' refer to in the context of the Cultural Integrity Scorecard?
Cultural practices and customs that should be respected and followed when engaging with Māori culture.
What is the second 'P' in the 3 P's of Cultural Appropriation?
Power and Privilege
What makes the Power and Privilege aspect particularly unfair?
The majority group has the power to pick and choose aspects of minority culture without fear of the discrimination that the minority group faces.
In the Lorde example, why was her Te Reo Māori EP considered appreciation rather than appropriation?
She gave all profits to Māori-led organizations, worked with Māori language experts, and paid cultural advisors to ensure proper use.
Give an example of how someone could culturally appreciate haka.
Learning about its cultural significance, seeking permission and guidance from Māori teachers, performing only when appropriate, and showing understanding
How do the 3 P's work together in cultural appropriation?
They combine to create a situation where cultural property is taken without permission, used by those with privilege who don't face discrimination
Who are 'Tāngata Moana'?
People of the Pacific, Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, Polynesian islands.
What does 'tapu' mean?
Sacred, restricted, set apart
Define cultural appreciation.
The respectful and informed engagement with elements of another culture.
Who are 'Tāngata Tiriti'?
People of the Treaty - Pākeha (European ancestry) and Tauiwi (more recent immigrants).
Name three characteristics of cultural appropriation.
Taking something out of context, not giving appropriate credit, not understanding its significance (also: using for profit, making fun of/trivializing).
Name three characteristics of cultural appreciation.
Using something in correct context, understanding the culture, being respectful in interactions (also: consultation/seeking permission, genuine intentions).
How can someone avoid taking cultural elements 'out of context'?
By learning about the proper meaning, significance, and appropriate circumstances for using cultural elements.
How can the Cultural Integrity Scorecard help in making decisions about cultural use?
It provides a framework to evaluate whether cultural use is appropriate or inappropriate
How does the Profit aspect continue oppression?
It continues the economic oppression and disadvantage of that culture by making money without understanding or benefiting the originating culture.
How did Lorde uphold the mauri of Te Reo Māori according to the example?
By paying experts to help her and working with Māori language and cultural advisors who translated her songs correctly.
What does 'mana' mean?
Dignity, authority, power, and prestige.
Who are 'Tāngata Whenua'?
People of Māori ancestry - Indigenous, native, First Nations people of Aotearoa.
What makes the difference between someone being told their cultural food is "gross" versus it being sold in expensive restaurants?
It demonstrates power and privilege - the minority group faces discrimination while the majority group can profit from the same cultural element.
If someone uses Māori designs on clothing without permission and sells them for profit, which of the 3 P's does this violate?
All three - Cultural Property (using Māori designs), Power and Privilege (majority group using minority culture), and Profit (making money without permission)
Define cultural appropriation.
The unacknowledged or inappropriate adoption of elements of one culture by members of another culture.
Why is it problematic when majority cultures profit from minority cultural practices?
It continues economic oppression by taking financial benefit away from the originating culture while often not understanding or respecting the culture
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