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Pharmacology Review- Otic, Optho, Skin + Ectopar ...

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  • Which of the following topical antiparasitic agents contain fipronil and (s)-methoprene?
    Frontline Gold
  • Schirmer test measures?
    Tear production
  • Clotrimazole and miconazole are ______ drugs used to treat Malassezia infections in the ear.
    Antifungal drugs
  • Tonometry measures
    Intraocular pressure (IOP)
  • Steroids are contraindicated in the eyes when what is present? Why? Give examples of these steroids.
    Corneal ulcers; delays healing- Prednisolone acetate or Dexamethasone
  • ______ is the most commonly used formamidine in veterinary medicine.
    Amitraz
  • How long between ear and eye medications should you wait?
    5-10 mins. It prevents dilution or inactivation of the drug
  • Topical parasympathomimetics, such as pilocarpine, do what in the eye?
    Constrict pupil (miotic) and reduce intraocular pressure
  • _________ contains fluralaner as its active ingredient, which kills fleas and ticks for up to 12 weeks in the dog.
    Bravecto
  • What is Dermatophytosis more commonly known as?
    Ringworm
  • Sympathomimetics are also known as ______?
    Alpha 2 agonists. These drugs can decreases IOP.
  • What product has the active ingredient imidacloprid and kills adult fleas?
    Advantage II
  • What product has the active ingredient of fipronil and kills fleas, ticks, and lice?
    Frontline
  • What are some important characteristics of this ocular anesthetic: Proparacaine
    Not for long term use! (delays healing), Most need refrigeration, Protect from light
  • What do Ceruminolytic Agents do? (hint: This is an otic drug type)
    Break down earwax (cerumen) to aid cleaning, loosen debris before applying medication (ex: Douxo Micellar solution, Epiklean Ear Cleanser)
  • Is the steriod Prednisone or Prednisolone preferred in cats and animals with liver dysfunction? why?
    Prednisolone is better absorbed and utilized in feline patients and those with liver dysfunction
  • Which of the following kills adult fleas within 30 minutes and can be repeated once daily? (Proprietary name and generic name)
    Capstar (nitenpyram)
  • Mydriatic agents are used to ____ the pupils.
    Mydriasis (dilates pupil)
  • What is Proparacaine (ocular drops) typically used for in vet med?
    An anesthetic. Numbs the eye surface for exams or procedures (e.g., tonometry, foreign body removal)
  • What can veterinary technicians NOT legally do?
    Diagnose, Perform Surgery, Give prognosis, Prescribe or initiate treatment/medication
  • What topical astringent is also known as "Burrow's solution"?
    Aluminum acetate
  • ______________ is classified as an antifungal used in the treatment of dermatophytes and can also be used for the treatment of yeast.
    Miconazole
  • What product has the active ingredient afoxolaner and kills fleas and ticks?
    Nexgard
  • What does AMDUCA stand for?
    Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act
  • What are the five "Rights" of pharmacology?
    Right patient, Right drug, Right dose, Right route, Right time
  • What product has the active ingredient spinosad and kills adult fleas?
    Comfortis, Trifexis
  • What is one of the golden rules regarding application of ear medications?
    Never apply ototoxic medications (e.g. aminoglycosides like gentamicin or neomycin) if the eardrum is ruptured
  • When are corticosteroid preparations used?
    In cases of acute or chronic otitis. They help to reduce the build up of sebaceous and apocrine gland secretion.
  • What is Acute Moist Dermatitis more commonly known as?
    hot spots
  • Which product contains selamectin as its active ingredient and is indicated for the treatment of sarcoptic mange?
    Revolution
  • _____ are used as an insecticide and are highly toxic to cats. Absorption through the skin allows for concentration in nervous tissue; cats are not able to metabolize or breakdown these agents quickly and effectively leading to toxicity.
    Permethrin
  • What are the 3 levels of veterinary supervision?
    Immediate, direct, indirect
  • Ceruminolytic Agents- What do they do and give an example.
    Break down earwax (cerumen) to aid cleaning Loosen debris before applying medication.Ex (Epiklean)
  • ___________ is the active ingredient in Sentinel, which controls flea population by preventing egg development (so does not kill adult fleas).
    Lufenuron
  • Cyclosporine (Trade Name: Optimmune) is an antibiotic used in treatment of what?
    KCS (Keratoconjunctivitis), aka Dry Eye
  • Topical sympathomimetics, such as epinephrine, do what in the eye?
    Reduce aqueous humor production or increase outflow
  • _________ has been developed for the treatment of Otodectes spp. a. Chloramphenicol b. enrofloxacin c. optimmune d. acarexx
    B. enrofloxacin ( this is an antibiotic used to treat ear infections caused by Otodectes mites)
  • Parasympathomimetics also known as miotics, are used to what?
    Mitotics are drugs that constrict the pupil.
  • The removal of excess keratin and loosening and exfoliation of the outer layer of the skin is called
    keratolytic
  • _____________ is the active ingredient in Nexgard.
    Afoxolaner
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