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8th Grade Midterm Review

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  • Solute particles in a solution are too small to block __________.
    dust
    sound
    mass
    light
  • Simple distillation separates substances by different __________ points.
    mass
    boiling
    compound
    melting
  • A __________ is used to disperse white light into a spectrum.
    filter
    mirror
    compound
    prism
  • What makes a substance a 'pure element'?
    It is always a gas
    It is chemically bonded to other elements
    It has only one type of atom
    It contains many types of atoms
  • What happens when light passes through a prism?
    Speeds up
    Reflects one way
    Separates into colors
    Disappears
  • Normal in reflection refers to:
    Standard light measure
    Imaginary line perpendicular to surface
    Typical path
    Average light behavior
  • Which element is found in table salt?
    Sodium
    Magnesium
    Potassium
    Calcium
  • The periodic table is arranged by increasing __________ number.
    mass
    sound
    atomic
    charge
  • Which element is a metal?
    Chlorine
    Helium
    Oxygen
    Iron
  • What is an atom?
    Bending of light between media
    Light bouncing off a surface
    Smallest unit of an element
    Transparent mixture of solute and solvent
  • XRF spectrometers detect __________, not compound vibrations.
    compound
    sugar
    sound
    elements
  • The __________ of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
    angle
    compound
    curve
    mass
  • Which element is used in toothpaste?
    Helium
    Fluorine
    Neon
    Carbon
  • Iron filings can be separated using a __________.
    vibration
    mass
    filter
    magnet
  • What is the importance of the periodic table in chemistry?
    It organizes daily schedules
    It shows energy usage
    It helps predict element properties
    It arranges foods by size
  • A __________ is a type of mixture, not a compound.
    solution
    compound
    sugar
    vibration
  • What is distillation?
    Light bouncing off a surface
    Used to separate mixtures by boiling point
    Transparent mixture
    Detects elements by their fluorescent signature
  • What causes light to bend between materials?
    Magnetic fields
    Temperature changes
    Electrical charges
    Density changes
  • Why does a prism show a rainbow when light passes through it?
    Due to chemical reactions
    Due to light refraction and dispersion
    Because of magnetic waves
    Because of mirror reflection
  • A __________ contains more than one element chemically bonded.
    element
    mixture
    compound
    sound
  • Light __________ as it moves between transparent materials.
    absorbs
    refracts
    blocks
    reflects
  • Which best describes how light travels through different materials?
    Slowest in air
    Fastest in a vacuum
    Fastest in water
    Same speed everywhere
  • __________ is used to study how light interacts with matter.
    mass
    spectroscopy
    reflection
    sound
  • Evaporation and __________ are ways to separate salt from salt water.
    compound
    mass
    crystallization
    freezing
  • Who created the first version of the periodic table?
    Bohr
    Newton
    Einstein
    Mendeleev
  • How do IR spectrometers help scientists analyze compounds?
    By counting atoms
    By measuring infrared absorption patterns
    By analyzing magnetic fields
    By detecting light reflection
  • What is an XRF Spectrometer?
    Measures how compounds absorb infrared light
    Separates light into a spectrum
    Transparent mixture of solute and solvent
    Detects elements by their fluorescent signature
  • An element is a pure substance made up of atoms of the same _____.
    sound
    mass
    vibration
    kind
  • Why does a straw appear bent when placed in water?
    Optical illusion
    Light changes speed and direction
    The straw is flexible
    The water warps the straw
  • What are two common ways mixtures can be separated?
    Evaporation and combustion
    Filtration and distillation
    Melting and freezing
    Boiling and condensing
  • A __________ surface causes diffuse reflection.
    rough
    smooth
    compound
    filter
  • IR spectrometers detect how compounds absorb __________ light.
    infrared
    sound
    vibration
    mass
  • Diffuse reflection occurs when light hits:
    Rough surface
    Transparent surface
    Smooth surface
    Flat surface
  • How do eyeglasses use refraction to help people see clearly?
    They reflect light off the lenses
    They block excess light
    They use colored filters
    They bend light to focus it on the retina
  • When light hits a mirror, the rays and normal line:
    Form triangle
    Are random
    Cancel out
    Lie in same plane
  • __________ energy causes particles to move faster.
    heat
    thermal
    vibration
    sound
  • The __________ is the line perpendicular to a surface in light studies.
    line
    normal
    mass
    vibration
  • According to the laws of reflection, the angle of incidence is always:
    Less than the angle of reflection
    Unrelated
    Greater than the angle of reflection
    Equal to the angle of reflection
  • Refraction enables the creation of:
    Glasses, microscopes, cameras
    Blocks tech devices
    Nothing practical
    Underwater goggles only
  • What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?
    Oy
    Ox
    Om
    O
  • What best describes a mixture?
    Cannot separate
    One kind of atom
    Fixed element ratio
    Not chemically bonded
  • What tool is used to identify elements in unknown substances?
    Spectacles
    Prism
    XRF Spectrometer
    Microscope
  • What is a mixture?
    Used to separate mixtures by boiling point
    Made of more than one kind of atom chemically bonded
    Combination of substances not chemically bonded
    Smallest unit of an element
  • What is a compound?
    Bending of light between media
    Combination of substances not chemically bonded
    Transparent mixture
    Made of more than one kind of atom chemically bonded
  • A compound has different __________ than the elements that form it.
    mass
    vibration
    properties
    sound
  • What is refraction?
    Transparent mixture
    Combination of substances not chemically bonded
    Light bouncing off a surface
    Bending of light between media
  • What is a solution?
    Used to separate mixtures by boiling point
    A transparent mixture of solute and solvent
    Combination of substances not chemically bonded
    Smallest unit of an element
  • What is a prism?
    Light bouncing off a surface
    Smallest unit of an element
    Detects elements by their fluorescent signature
    Separates light into a spectrum of colors
  • Which is a compound?
    Hydrogen
    Oxygen
    Carbon
    Water
  • When light hits a surface and bounces back in a predictable pattern, this phenomenon is called:
    Absorption
    Diffraction
    Reflection
    Transmission
  • In a mixture of iron and sulfur, the substances are not _________ bonded.
    mass
    chemically
    sugar
    vibration
  • Light that bends is an example of __________.
    refraction
    vibration
    reflection
    absorption
  • What does the periodic table organize?
    Machines
    Cells
    Elements
    Foods
  • What is the smallest unit of an element?
    Molecule
    Neutron
    Atom
    Proton
  • The greater the change in light speed, the:
    No change
    Light stops
    Less bending
    More bending
  • What is reflection?
    Light bouncing off a surface
    Smallest unit of an element
    Used to separate mixtures by boiling point
    Detects elements by their fluorescent signature
  • What is an IR Spectrometer?
    Combination of substances not chemically bonded
    Used to separate mixtures by boiling point
    Measures how compounds absorb infrared light
    Smallest unit of an element
  • Explain why light bends when it moves from air to water.
    Because light changes speed in different materials
    Due to magnetic forces
    Because light is absorbed by water
    Because water is reflective
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