What is two-way immersion?
students from two different language backgrounds (e.g., English speakers and Spanish speakers) are integrated for instruction in both of their native languages
What is scaffolding?
Temporary help
What is Hard CLIL?
a form of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) where the subject matter is taught primarily through the target language, with the content objectives
What are language showers?
short, regular, and repeated sessions where a target language is used to teach a subject
What does 'activating prior knowledge' mean?
Getting learners to produce what they already know
What does HOTS stand for?
Higher Order Thinking Skills
What is content-compatible language?
Less formal, everyday language needed for subjects
What is code switching?
Using first language and target language together
An example of LOTS
recalling, remembering, understanding, and applying information
What does LOTS stand for?
Lower Order Thinking Skills
What is content-obligatory language?
the specific vocabulary, grammatical structures, and functional expressions that learners need to understand and communicate about the subject matter being taug
An example of HOTS
analyzing, synthesizing, evaluating information, and creating new ideas or solutions.