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modals for certainty and possibility

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  • He can´t / mustn´t / didn´t have been to Moscow, because he doesn´t have a Russian visa in his passport.
    can´t
  • His case felt very heavy. I think he ____ have picked up the wrong one at the airport.
    may / might / could
  • It ____ be far now. We´ve been driving for hours.
    can´t
  • Let´s eat out tonight. I _____ have time to go to the supermarket today.
    might not / may not
  • Mum says we _____ be able to afford those mountain bikes after all, even though they are quite expensive.
    may / might
  • He´s just been successful in getting a place on a postgraduate course, so he might / could / must be very academic.
    must
  • She´s not here yet. She ____ be stuck in traffic.
    might / may / could
  • It can´t / mustn´t / might be John over there, he´s already moved to Canada.
    can´t
  • You must / might / may be tired - you haven´t been to bed for two days!
    must
  • It ____ be easy for him, looking after three kids on his own.
    can´t
  • Don´t wait up for me because I ____ not be back until after midnight.
    might / may
  • He ____ have lost his wallet - I saw him holding it at the supermarket checkout.
    can´t
  • He´s won four Olympic gold medals, so he _________ be highly talented.
    must
  • I absolutely love these earrings! you ___ chosen a better present for me.
    couldn´t have
  • She ______ have calmed down before starting the talk, because her delivery was perfect.
    must
  • He´s not answering. He ______ be in class.
    might / may / could
  • They _____ challenge you over this topic, you never know.
    could
  • This _____ be her house. I can see her car in the garage.
    must
  • Come inside and get warm. You ____ be freezing out there!
    must
  • If there is time, I _____comment later.
    might / may
  • She _____ know about the complaint. She´s promoted him to team leader.
    can´t
  • My phone isn´t in my bag. I _____ left it at school. That´s the only place it could be.
    must have
  • She must / will / may have revised very well, because her exam results were outstanding.
    must
  • Someone was ringing. It _____ ____ been my brother - he promised to call.
    must have
  • You ______ be hungry, you just had dinner.
    can´t / couldn´t
  • In the future I _____ ask you to lend me some money.
    may / might
  • I was amazed by her performance. She couldn´t / can´t / mustn´t have spoken more convincingly in the debate.
    couldn´t
  • You´d better book, otherwise you _____be sure to get a seat.
    can´t
  • He would never have said that to you. You ____have heard him properly.
    can´t
  • We _____ go on holiday after all, if we save enough money in time.
    might / may
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