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11.2 USHG - Building a Nation

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  • Compared to the Articles, the Constitution
    Abolished state governments
    Removed all federal courts
    Gave Congress power to tax and regulate trade
    Banned the Electoral College
  • The Alien and Sedition Acts were seen as a threat to
    Election results
    Free speech and press rights
    State military power
    Trade agreements
  • Separation of powers means
    Powers are divided among branches
    Only Congress enforces laws
    States control the army
    The president makes all laws
  • Washington’s cabinet was created to
    Lead the Senate
    Organize political parties
    Control state elections
    Advise the president on major issues
  • The Fourth Amendment protects against
    Double jeopardy
    Unreasonable searches and seizures
    Denial of a speedy trial
    Quartering troops in homes
  • Limited government means that
    Only one branch of government has power
    Government powers are restricted by law
    The president chooses state governors
    All federal laws are permanent
  • Hamilton supported a national bank to
    Raise income taxes
    Fund British industries
    Manage national debt and create stability
    Eliminate paper currency
  • Judicial review is the power to
    Declare laws unconstitutional
    Enforce laws
    Pass amendments
    Create state courts
  • One major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was that it
    Lacked a national army or power to tax
    Created a strong executive branch
    Abolished all state governments
    Gave the president too much power
  • The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions claimed states could
    Ban all federal courts
    Replace Congress with local governments
    Join foreign alliances
    Cancel federal laws they found unconstitutional
  • Jefferson opposed the bank because he believed it
    Would raise food prices
    Took control from the states
    Was not allowed by the Constitution
    Gave power to local farmers
  • Popular sovereignty is the idea that
    The president can overrule voters
    Government gets its power from the people
    States must approve all laws
    Congress controls elections
  • The system of checks and balances allows
    State courts to pass federal laws
    The president to serve for life
    Each branch to limit the others’ power
    Congress to elect the president
  • Anti-Federalists were most concerned about
    Popular election of senators
    Creating a strong national army
    The expansion of state militias
    The lack of a bill of rights in the Constitution
  • The Whiskey Rebellion showed that
    Taxes were illegal
    States were stronger than the nation
    Farmers controlled Congress
    The federal government could enforce laws
  • The “elastic clause” in the Constitution allows Congress to
    Override vetoes
    Elect the president
    Make necessary laws for its duties
    Appoint judges
  • The Judiciary Act of 1789 helped
    End military rule
    Pass the Bill of Rights
    Set up the federal court system
    Draft the Constitution
  • The disagreements between Hamilton and Jefferson led to
    The end of Congress
    New state constitutions
    A new Bill of Rights
    The formation of political parties
  • The case Marbury v. Madison established
    Congressional approval of treaties
    Presidential control over courts
    Voting rights for all citizens
    The principle of judicial review
  • In his Farewell Address, Washington warned against
    Trade with Europe
    Expansion into the West
    Immigration from Asia
    Political parties and permanent alliances
  • The Three-Fifths Compromise dealt with
    Counting enslaved people in the population
    Religious freedom
    Interstate commerce
    Election of senators
  • Washington set a precedent by
    Refusing to use a cabinet
    Leaving office after two terms
    Ending political debates
    Declaring war on France
  • The Electoral College was created to
    Let Congress choose governors
    Compromise between popular and legislative selection
    Elect Supreme Court justices
    Prevent elections entirely
  • The Proclamation of Neutrality said that the U.S. would
    End all foreign trade
    Stay out of European wars
    Fight alongside France
    Only support Britain
  • Shays’ Rebellion highlighted
    Support for British taxes
    Problems with a weak federal government
    Need to ban political parties
    Growth in overseas trade
  • Federalism is best defined as
    Military rule of states
    Rule by a monarchy
    Shared power between state and federal levels
    A direct democracy
  • The Great Compromise solved a dispute over
    Executive power limits
    Trade with foreign nations
    State military control
    Representation in Congress
  • The Constitutional Convention was originally called to
    Draft a national bill of rights
    Plan westward expansion
    Revise the Articles of Confederation
    Elect the first Supreme Court
  • A key problem for the early U.S. was
    Balancing state and national power
    Expanding slavery to the North
    Creating new colonies
    Building factories in cities
  • Hamilton’s financial plan included
    Ending foreign trade
    Creating a national bank and paying off debts
    Cutting all taxes
    Removing tariffs
  • The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to
    Expand powers of Congress
    End disagreements over taxes
    Protect individual freedoms from government abuse
    Help elect the president
  • The First Amendment includes rights such as
    Speech, press, religion, and assembly
    A lawyer in civil cases
    Land ownership and privacy
    Voting and jury trials
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