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11.2 USHG - Building a Nation

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  • The case Marbury v. Madison established
    Voting rights for all citizens
    Presidential control over courts
    The principle of judicial review
    Congressional approval of treaties
  • Hamilton’s financial plan included
    Cutting all taxes
    Creating a national bank and paying off debts
    Removing tariffs
    Ending foreign trade
  • Judicial review is the power to
    Enforce laws
    Pass amendments
    Create state courts
    Declare laws unconstitutional
  • The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions claimed states could
    Cancel federal laws they found unconstitutional
    Replace Congress with local governments
    Ban all federal courts
    Join foreign alliances
  • The system of checks and balances allows
    Each branch to limit the others’ power
    The president to serve for life
    Congress to elect the president
    State courts to pass federal laws
  • Hamilton supported a national bank to
    Raise income taxes
    Eliminate paper currency
    Fund British industries
    Manage national debt and create stability
  • The First Amendment includes rights such as
    A lawyer in civil cases
    Speech, press, religion, and assembly
    Voting and jury trials
    Land ownership and privacy
  • The Constitutional Convention was originally called to
    Draft a national bill of rights
    Plan westward expansion
    Elect the first Supreme Court
    Revise the Articles of Confederation
  • The Great Compromise solved a dispute over
    Trade with foreign nations
    Executive power limits
    State military control
    Representation in Congress
  • The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to
    Help elect the president
    End disagreements over taxes
    Expand powers of Congress
    Protect individual freedoms from government abuse
  • The Judiciary Act of 1789 helped
    Pass the Bill of Rights
    Draft the Constitution
    Set up the federal court system
    End military rule
  • Popular sovereignty is the idea that
    The president can overrule voters
    Congress controls elections
    Government gets its power from the people
    States must approve all laws
  • The Three-Fifths Compromise dealt with
    Election of senators
    Counting enslaved people in the population
    Religious freedom
    Interstate commerce
  • The Alien and Sedition Acts were seen as a threat to
    Free speech and press rights
    Election results
    Trade agreements
    State military power
  • One major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was that it
    Created a strong executive branch
    Gave the president too much power
    Lacked a national army or power to tax
    Abolished all state governments
  • Federalism is best defined as
    Shared power between state and federal levels
    Military rule of states
    Rule by a monarchy
    A direct democracy
  • Compared to the Articles, the Constitution
    Banned the Electoral College
    Removed all federal courts
    Abolished state governments
    Gave Congress power to tax and regulate trade
  • The “elastic clause” in the Constitution allows Congress to
    Make necessary laws for its duties
    Appoint judges
    Override vetoes
    Elect the president
  • Jefferson opposed the bank because he believed it
    Gave power to local farmers
    Took control from the states
    Was not allowed by the Constitution
    Would raise food prices
  • Limited government means that
    Government powers are restricted by law
    All federal laws are permanent
    The president chooses state governors
    Only one branch of government has power
  • The disagreements between Hamilton and Jefferson led to
    The end of Congress
    The formation of political parties
    New state constitutions
    A new Bill of Rights
  • Anti-Federalists were most concerned about
    The lack of a bill of rights in the Constitution
    Popular election of senators
    Creating a strong national army
    The expansion of state militias
  • Washington’s cabinet was created to
    Lead the Senate
    Organize political parties
    Advise the president on major issues
    Control state elections
  • The Electoral College was created to
    Compromise between popular and legislative selection
    Elect Supreme Court justices
    Let Congress choose governors
    Prevent elections entirely
  • Washington set a precedent by
    Leaving office after two terms
    Declaring war on France
    Refusing to use a cabinet
    Ending political debates
  • In his Farewell Address, Washington warned against
    Expansion into the West
    Immigration from Asia
    Trade with Europe
    Political parties and permanent alliances
  • The Proclamation of Neutrality said that the U.S. would
    Fight alongside France
    Stay out of European wars
    Only support Britain
    End all foreign trade
  • The Whiskey Rebellion showed that
    The federal government could enforce laws
    Taxes were illegal
    States were stronger than the nation
    Farmers controlled Congress
  • Shays’ Rebellion highlighted
    Problems with a weak federal government
    Need to ban political parties
    Support for British taxes
    Growth in overseas trade
  • Separation of powers means
    Only Congress enforces laws
    States control the army
    Powers are divided among branches
    The president makes all laws
  • A key problem for the early U.S. was
    Balancing state and national power
    Building factories in cities
    Creating new colonies
    Expanding slavery to the North
  • The Fourth Amendment protects against
    Double jeopardy
    Denial of a speedy trial
    Quartering troops in homes
    Unreasonable searches and seizures
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