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11.2 USHG - Building a Nation

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  • Federalism is best defined as
    Military rule of states
    Rule by a monarchy
    Shared power between state and federal levels
    A direct democracy
  • The Great Compromise solved a dispute over
    State military control
    Trade with foreign nations
    Executive power limits
    Representation in Congress
  • The Constitutional Convention was originally called to
    Elect the first Supreme Court
    Plan westward expansion
    Revise the Articles of Confederation
    Draft a national bill of rights
  • The Fourth Amendment protects against
    Quartering troops in homes
    Unreasonable searches and seizures
    Denial of a speedy trial
    Double jeopardy
  • Shays’ Rebellion highlighted
    Growth in overseas trade
    Problems with a weak federal government
    Need to ban political parties
    Support for British taxes
  • The Three-Fifths Compromise dealt with
    Interstate commerce
    Counting enslaved people in the population
    Election of senators
    Religious freedom
  • The Whiskey Rebellion showed that
    States were stronger than the nation
    The federal government could enforce laws
    Taxes were illegal
    Farmers controlled Congress
  • Washington set a precedent by
    Ending political debates
    Leaving office after two terms
    Declaring war on France
    Refusing to use a cabinet
  • The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to
    Help elect the president
    Expand powers of Congress
    Protect individual freedoms from government abuse
    End disagreements over taxes
  • The “elastic clause” in the Constitution allows Congress to
    Appoint judges
    Make necessary laws for its duties
    Elect the president
    Override vetoes
  • Compared to the Articles, the Constitution
    Gave Congress power to tax and regulate trade
    Banned the Electoral College
    Removed all federal courts
    Abolished state governments
  • Washington’s cabinet was created to
    Advise the president on major issues
    Organize political parties
    Lead the Senate
    Control state elections
  • A key problem for the early U.S. was
    Creating new colonies
    Balancing state and national power
    Building factories in cities
    Expanding slavery to the North
  • Judicial review is the power to
    Declare laws unconstitutional
    Create state courts
    Enforce laws
    Pass amendments
  • The system of checks and balances allows
    The president to serve for life
    State courts to pass federal laws
    Each branch to limit the others’ power
    Congress to elect the president
  • The disagreements between Hamilton and Jefferson led to
    New state constitutions
    A new Bill of Rights
    The end of Congress
    The formation of political parties
  • One major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was that it
    Abolished all state governments
    Gave the president too much power
    Lacked a national army or power to tax
    Created a strong executive branch
  • The case Marbury v. Madison established
    Presidential control over courts
    The principle of judicial review
    Congressional approval of treaties
    Voting rights for all citizens
  • Hamilton’s financial plan included
    Creating a national bank and paying off debts
    Cutting all taxes
    Ending foreign trade
    Removing tariffs
  • The Proclamation of Neutrality said that the U.S. would
    End all foreign trade
    Fight alongside France
    Stay out of European wars
    Only support Britain
  • Popular sovereignty is the idea that
    Congress controls elections
    States must approve all laws
    Government gets its power from the people
    The president can overrule voters
  • Separation of powers means
    Powers are divided among branches
    The president makes all laws
    States control the army
    Only Congress enforces laws
  • The Alien and Sedition Acts were seen as a threat to
    Free speech and press rights
    Election results
    Trade agreements
    State military power
  • The Judiciary Act of 1789 helped
    Pass the Bill of Rights
    Draft the Constitution
    End military rule
    Set up the federal court system
  • The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions claimed states could
    Ban all federal courts
    Join foreign alliances
    Cancel federal laws they found unconstitutional
    Replace Congress with local governments
  • Anti-Federalists were most concerned about
    Popular election of senators
    The lack of a bill of rights in the Constitution
    Creating a strong national army
    The expansion of state militias
  • In his Farewell Address, Washington warned against
    Expansion into the West
    Political parties and permanent alliances
    Immigration from Asia
    Trade with Europe
  • Hamilton supported a national bank to
    Fund British industries
    Manage national debt and create stability
    Raise income taxes
    Eliminate paper currency
  • The Electoral College was created to
    Elect Supreme Court justices
    Let Congress choose governors
    Compromise between popular and legislative selection
    Prevent elections entirely
  • Jefferson opposed the bank because he believed it
    Gave power to local farmers
    Would raise food prices
    Took control from the states
    Was not allowed by the Constitution
  • Limited government means that
    Government powers are restricted by law
    The president chooses state governors
    All federal laws are permanent
    Only one branch of government has power
  • The First Amendment includes rights such as
    Voting and jury trials
    Land ownership and privacy
    Speech, press, religion, and assembly
    A lawyer in civil cases
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