Study

Chapter 4

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  • Puberty
    The stage at which a young person develops secondary sex characteristics.
  • Stressor
    Something that causes stress.
  • Chemical Dependency
    A disease related to substance abuse in which a person experiences negative physical, mental, and emotional effects related to drug use but continues to use the
  • Social Anxiety Disorder
    A disorder in which a person has excessive anxiety about social situations.
  • Postpartum Depression
    Depression experienced after the birth of a child.
  • Person-centered care
    Care that emphasizes the individuality of the person who needs care and revolves around that person’s preferences, choices, and dignity.
  • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
    A mental health disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event or series of events.
  • Stress
    The state of being frightened, excited, confused, in danger, or irritated.
  • Chickenpox
    A highly contagious, viral illness that was once very common among children; the varicella-zoster vaccine has greatly reduced the number of cases of this illnes
  • Holistic Care
    A type of care that involves caring for the whole person—including the person’s physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs.
  • Substance Abuse
    The repeated use of legal or illegal substances in a way that is harmful to oneself or others.
  • Mental Health
    The normal functioning of emotional and intellectual capabilities.
  • Major depressive disorder/depression:
    A type of depressive disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite, as well as other symptoms;
  • Hallucination
    A false or distorted sensory perception.
  • Phobia
    An intense, irrational fear of or anxiety about an object, place, or situation.
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
    A developmental disability that causes differences in a person’s social interactions and communication.
  • Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
    A condition in which babies stop breathing and die for no known reason while asleep.
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
    A disorder characterized by recurring intrusive behavior or thoughts that cause anxiety or stress.
  • Spina Bifida
    A developmental disability caused when part of the backbone is not well developed a birth; literally means split spine.
  • Bulimia
    An eating disorder in which a person eats large amounts of foods or very fattening foods, and then eliminates the food by vomiting, using laxatives, or exercisi
  • Psychosocial Needs
    Needs that involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and spirituality.
  • Anxiety
    Uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition.
  • Physiological Needs
    Needs that relate to the processes and activities that keep living things alive.
  • Bipolar Disorder
    A mental health disorder that causes a person to swing from periods of deep depression (a depressive episode) to periods of extreme activity (a manic episode).
  • Defense Mechanism
    An unconscious behavior used to release tension or cope with stress.
  • Grief
    Deep distress or sorrow over a loss.
  • Down syndrome
    A developmental disability that occurs when an extra number 21 chromosome is present; can cause different degrees of intellectual disability and physical sympto
  • Cerebral Palsy
    A developmental disability caused by brain damage while in the uterus or during birth; can cause both physical and mental disabilities.
  • Leukemia
    A form of cancer in which the body’s white blood cells are unable to fight disease.
  • Schizophrenia
    A type of psychotic disorder that causes problems with thinking, communication, and the ability to manage emotions, make decisions, and understand reality.
  • Intellectual disability
    The most common developmental disability; people with intellectual disability develop at a below-average rate and have below-average mental functioning.
  • Menopause
    The end of menstruation; occurs when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 months.
  • Anorexia
    An eating disorder in which a person does not eat or exercises excessively to lose weight.
  • Hospice care
    Holistic, compassionate care given to people who have approximately six months or less to live.
  • Developmental disability
    Disability that is present at birth or emerges during childhood, up to age 22, and restricts physical and/or mental ability.
  • Premature
    Term used to describe babies who are born before 37 weeks’ gestation (more than three weeks before the due date).
  • Terminal illness
    A disease or condition that will eventually cause death.
  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
    An anxiety disorder that is characterized by chronic anxiety and worry, even when there is no cause for these feelings.
  • Delusion
    A persistent false belief.
  • Chronic
    In relation to an illness, long-term or long-lasting, requiring ongoing management of symptoms.
  • Panic Disorder
    Disorder characterized by a person having regular panic attacks or living with chronic anxiety about having another attack.