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Chemistry and the Big Bang

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  • How does the presence of large amounts of helium in the universe support the Big Bang Theory?
    Large amounts of helium provide evidence that the universe was really hot.
  • In basic terms, describe the Big Bang Theory.
    The universe is expanding and cooling.
  • How is atomic mass determined?
    Bottom # on the periodic table; Top number for nuclear notation; add protons and neutrons
  • Define dependent variable.
    The factor that is being measured.
  • How is a compound different from a molecule?
    A compound combines atoms from 2 or more DIFFERENT elements, whereas a molecule combines 2 or more atoms from ONE or more elements.
  • What is cosmic soup?
    At the beginning of the universe, it was too hot for matter to form, so protons, neutrons, and electrons were a mixture called "cosmic soup."
  • How is the charge of an atom determined?
    atomic # - # e- or # p+ - # e-
  • Which type of stars burn through their fuel more quickly?
    massive stars
  • When did the universe begin?
    13.7 billion years ago
  • Where are each of the subatomic particles found in an atom?
    p+ and n found in nucleus; e- found in cloud around nucleus
  • What is a galaxy?
    A large formation of stars surrounding a black hole.
  • Based on the following chemical equation, list the reactants: A + B --> C + D
    A, B
  • What is an isotope? Give an example.
    Atom with a different number of neutrons. C-14
  • What is the charge of C-14?
    0
  • When does H fusion occur during a star's life cycle?
    protostar/ main sequence stage
  • What are the three subatomic particles and their respective charges?
    proton (+), neutron (neutral), electron (-)
  • How are the atoms in a chemical reaction changed?
    rearranged
  • What makes up a solar system?
    Star and anything orbiting around it
  • When did the solar system form?
    4.6 billion years ago
  • Where is the independent variable found on a graph?
    X axis
  • Which type of stars are the hottest?
    massive stars
  • When does He fusion occur during a star's life cycle?
    red giant/ red supergiant phase
  • How does the red shift of light support the Big Bang Theory?
    The red shift provides evidence for the expansion of the universe.
  • After a supernova for a super massive star, what is the next phase?
    black hole
  • During which phase of an average star's life cycle would you find more nitrogen atoms? How do you know?
    black dwarf; the star has cooled, so fusion of larger atoms can occur
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