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JC - Volcano

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  • What percentage of the world’s active volcanoes are in the Pacific Ring of Fire?
    Contains 75% of the world's active volcanoes.
  • What is a dormant volcano?
    A volcano that has not erupted in the last 10’000 years but may erupt again.
  • What happens when mid-ocean ridges emerge on land?
    When they emerge on land they can form Islands. An example of a volcanic island that has formed is Iceland.
  • Where is the Pacific Ring of Fire located and what is its shape?
    Located in the Pacific Ocean and is a horseshoe shape.
  • What is magma called when it reaches the Earth's surface?
    When the magma reaches the earth’s surface it is known as lava.
  • How can volcanic eruptions cause death?
    Harmful gases released and lava from an eruption can cause the death of animals and people.
  • How is a cone-shaped volcanic mountain formed?
    After many eruptions, layers of lava and ash build up around the vent, creating a cone-shaped mountain.
  • Why do 90% of earthquakes occur in the Pacific Ring of Fire?
    Due to many plate movements in this region, 90% of earthquakes also occur here.
  • How is geothermal energy related to volcanoes?
    Iceland used its location as a volcanic island to harvest geothermal energy.
  • How do volcanic eruptions cause travel disruptions?
    Ash is harmful to aeroplane engines, this can result in travel disruptions.
  • At what rate are the plates at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge moving?
    They are moving at a rate of 2cm a year.
  • What is an extinct volcano?
    A volcano that is never expected to erupt again.
  • How can volcanoes help reduce unemployment?
    Tourism: Reduces unemployment and increases the population of an area.
  • How can volcanic eruptions affect water supplies?
    Contamination of water supply: Debris and ash fall into lakes/rivers.
  • How is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge formed?
    The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is created when the North American and South American plates separate from the Eurasian and African plates respectively.
  • How can volcanic eruptions affect homes and habitats?
    Homes and habitats can be destroyed by lava flow.
  • How do volcanoes help generate income?
    Tourist attractions are often built near volcanoes which results in more income.
  • How do volcanoes contribute to agriculture?
    Fertile soil: Lava and ash are full of nutrients which make the soil fertile, making it more efficient for agriculture.
  • Through what does magma rise from the mantle?
    The magma rises from the mantle through a vent.
  • What does lava form when it cools and hardens?
    The lava cools and hardens to form igneous rock.
  • What happens when two plates collide or separate?
    When two plates collide or separate magma can rise from the mantle to fill the gap in the crust.
  • How are mid-ocean ridges created?
    Mid-ocean ridges are created just like volcanoes only they occur in the ocean.
  • What is an active volcano?
    A volcano that has erupted in the past 10’000 years.
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