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8th Grade Science EOG Review

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  • Any difference in the traits of members of a species
    Variation
  • In Condensation, do particles lose or gain energy?
    particles lose energy
  • What are Aquifers?
    Layers of permeable underground rock saturated with water; an essential source of freshwater. However, once it runs dry in the future, it will require thousands
  • Oil is a _______ source of energy.
    NonRenewable
  • A trait that makes an organism more likely to survive
    Adaptation
  • In an energy pyramid, if producers start with 1000 units of energy, how much energy would the primary consumers have?
    100
  • Atomic number tells?
    The number of protons
  • What do secondary consumers eat?
    Primary consumer
  • Renewable or nonrenewable?
    NonRenewable
  • _____ is an energy source that WILL NOT run out in the future.
    Renewable
  • What is the outermost layer of Earth that is broken into plates?
    Crust
  • Matter cannot be created or destroyed is
    The law of conservation of mass
  • An irreversible change is called _________?
    Chemical change
  • The survival and reproduction of organisms with traits best suited to their environment
    Natural Selection
  • What is groundwater?
    Groundwater is the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock.
  • A tapeworm living inside a human's intestines and absorbing nutrients from the host is an example of
    Parasitism
  • This is an example of what type of use of water? A. agriculture and livestock, B. municipal use, C. Industrial use, D. Domestic use
    Agriculture and livestock- this is irrigation
  • The layer around the Earth where life exists, including land, water, and air.
    Biosphere
  • What is a run-off?
    rain water that moves across the land
  • Renewable or nonrenewable?
    Renewable
  • What do scientists use to learn about the Earth's history?
    fossils, layers of rock
  • What is groundwater?
    Groundwater is the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock.
  • Matter that is made up of the same element throughout is called a _______?
    Pure substance
  • Renewable or nonrenewable?
    Renewable
  • Renewable or nonrenewable?
    Renewable
  • If elements are in the same group on the periodic table you know they have similar...
    properties
  • Charge of protons?
    Positive
  • Nuclear energy is a ________ source of energy.
    NonRenewable
  • What does Potable mean?
    Safe to drink; drinkable.
  • Renewable or nonrenewable?
    NonRenewable
  • In a physical change no new substances are made
    True
  • How do metamorphic rocks form?
    Heat & pressure
  • What is a fossil fuels
    Fuels like coal, crude oil, and natural gas, naturally formed from buried, fossilized dead plants and animals.
  • IT IS THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A LIQUID CHANGE TO A GAS.
    BOILING POINT
  • Give examples of the three states of water and where each is found in the hydrosphere.
    solid (ice), liquid (water), gas (water vapor)
  • Condensation happens before evaporation
    False
  • If grass is eaten by a grasshopper, and the grasshopper is eaten by a bird, who is the primary consumer
    grasshopper
  • A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time.
    Population
  • A mixture where the components of the material can be easily distinguished?
    Heterogeneous mixture
  • The continuous movement of water on the Earth and all of its processes is called the ______
    water cycle or hydrologic cycle
  • A contagious disease caused by pathogens (flu, measles, malaria...)
    Infectious diseases
  • Air is an example of a ___ mixture?
    Homogeneous
  • The role and function of a species has in its environment
    Niche
  • The reverse process of evaporation
    Condensation
  • In a food chain, the hawk that eats a mouse is classified as a
    secondary consumer
  • What has CONSTANT MASS BUT VARIABLE VOLUME AND SHAPE.
    GAS
  • Coal is a ______ sorce of energy
    NonRenewable
  • True or False: Water expands when it freezes
    True
  • What is the relationship between the Sun and the ocean?
    Water absorbs a large amount of heat- it moderates the climate
  • What is Pangea?
    when all the continents where together millions of years ago
  • Water from the oceans is called what?
    salt water
  • Water that is underground in permeable soil and rock's pores and fractures, on top of the layer of impermeable rock, forms when precipitation seeps into the ground.
    Groundwater
  • which is an example of a physical change? A. metal rusting B. Silver tarnishing C. paper burning D. Water boiling
    D water boiling
  • What is the total percentage of fresh water on Earth?
    3%
  • ______ is an energy source that WILL run out in the future.
    NonRenewable
  • where groundwater is stored underground
    aquifer
  • Fossils have been found in ______________________.
    every continent all over the world.
  • What has CONSTANT MASS, VOLUME AND STABLE SHAPE.
    SOLIDS
  • A Reversible change is called a _________?
    Physical change
  • Sun is a _______ source of energy.
    Renewable
  • which is not a characteristic of physical change A. shape B. color C. new substance D. size
    C new substance
  • Wind is a _______ source of energy.
    Renewable
  • This is an example of what negative environmental impact that affects the hydrosphere?
    Contamination/Pollution
  • What is produced in the process of uplift?
    a mountain
  • Which color bug is more likely to survive and reproduce?
    brown
  • The place Where an animal lives is called ______________.
    Habitat
  • What is the percentage of Earth's water that comes from the oceans?
    97%
  • where freshwater meets saltwater and forms brakish water
    an estuary
  • Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
    Along plate boundaries
  • Evidence that Pangea existed? ( give 2)
    Continents fit together like puzzle pieces, fossil evidence that plants, animals cated in different continents
  • GAS TO LIQUID
    CONDENSATION
  • Atomic mass tells?
    The number of protons and neutrons
  • Charge of neutrons?
    Neutral
  • the water cycle is what kind of change?
    physical
  • Something such as bacteria or a virus that causes disease.
    Pathogen
  • large cracks in the earth's crust where earthquakes originate
    faults
  • What is molten rock below earth's surface?
    Magma
  • Vertical column on the periodic table?
    Groups
  • IT HAS GOT MASS AND IT OCCUPIES SPACE.
    MATTER
  • What happens to a living thing that does not adapt?
    They become extinct.
  • What percentage of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next in an energy pyramid?
    10%
  • What is continental drift?
    Theory that the continents move 2-3 cm per year
  • Molecule consists of two or more ____
    Atoms
  • IT IS THE AMOUNT OF MATTER IN A PHYSICAL BODY.
    MASS
  • Transpiration is
    when water evaporates from plants
  • What does the law of superposition tell us
    that rocks layer by age, starting with the oldest at the bottom
  • What did Darwin notice about the beaks of the finches on the Galapagos?
    They were adapted to the food they ate
  • Water that is safe to drink is called _______
    potable water
  • What type of change is glass breaking?
    a physical change
  • Water is a _______ source of energy.
    Renewable
  • Positively charged subatomic particle?
    Proton
  • The rain that falls from clouds is what state of matter?
    liquid
  • Location of electrons?
    Orbitals / Electronic shells
  • A remora fish attaches itself to a shark and feeds on scraps of food. The shark is neither harmed nor benefited by the remora. This is an example of:
    Commensalism
  • The main source of energy on Earth
    The Sun
  • bonus* What property stays the same during physical and chemical change?
    Mass
  • A random change in the DNA that can produce new traits
    Mutation
  • 23. If a large amount of fossil fuel is burned, what will happen to the atmospheric carbon dioxide levels?
    increase
  • A simple living thing that is smaller than bacteria and that can enter your body and make you ill. If your body can protect itself against of it, then you are immune to it.
    Virus
  • A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
    Ecosystem
  • nutrient rich ocean water brought to the surface near land
    upwelling
  • Charge of electrons?
    Negative
  • Symbol of potassium?
    K
  • A fossil found in only one layer is called an __________________.
    index fossil
  • The process that causes clouds to form
    Condensation
  • LIQUID TO GAS
    EVAPORATION
  • Separating a mixture using a strainer is called ____________?
    Filtration
  • T or F? Water can evaporate from plants and trees
    True
  • What is Filtration?
    The action of filtering for separating fluid and particles. For water, filtration indicates the process of removing unwanted pollutants from water, such as bact
  • The role of the sun in the water cycle is _______
    To heat water particles so they can evaporate.
  • Smallest unit of an element?
    Atom
  • If a mutation is beneficial, what will happen to the number of organisms with this new trait over time? (will the number increase or decrease?)
    it will increase
  • what change is squeezing oranges to make orange juice?
    physical
  • How are fossils eventually exposed?
    Weathering or erosion.
  • The effect when the atmosphere traps the heat by radiating the heat back to the Earth, caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gas, causing global warming.
    Greenhouse Effect
  • A group of different animals and plants living together is called a
    Community
  • Changes in the genes of a population over time
    Evolution
  • What is climate change?
    long term shifts in temperature and weather patterns
  • A relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed is called
    Parasitism
  • A tick feeding on a dog's blood is an example of
    Parasitism
  • What two things impact deep ocean currents?
    temperature and salinity
  • Hail is what state of matter?
    is solid
  • What three things cause surface ocean currents?
    wind, temperature and the rotation of the earth
  • Renewable or nonrenewable?
    NonRenewable
  • The ecological process in which fungi break down organic matter
    decomposition
  • In a food chain, what does the arrow represent
    Direction of energy flow
  • Microorganisms (=very small living things) that consist of a single cell, many are harmful
    Bacteria
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