T or F: When learning a list of items, most people have the hardest time recalling the items from the middle of the list.
True
T or F: If the right side of the brain is damaged, people lose their ability to understand jokes, irony, sarcasm, implications, and other nuances of language.
True
T or F: Research has shown that creativity is inherited and cannot be learned.
False
T or F: Many college students become depressed because they have high aspirations and little prior experience with failure.
True
T or F: To qualify as repression, forgetting must be unconscious.
True
T or F: The three small bones of the middle ear are called the auditory ossicles.
True
T or F: Computer simulations and expert systems provide good examples of artificial intelligence
True
T or F: As you are walking down a dark street, you hear a noise directly behind you, and you immediately dart off the sidewalk because of the activation of your amygdala.
True
T or F: The central nervous system is composed of the autonomic and somatic system
False
T or F: Because of the halo effect, a person who is likable or physically attractive may be rated more mature, intelligent, or mentally healthy than she or he actually is.
True
T or F: Authoritarian parents tend to control their children's behavior through discipline strategies known as management techniques.
False
T or F: Culture-fair intelligence tests have been shown to be entirely free of cultural influences.
False
T or F: Procedural memories are more easily forgotten than are episodic memories.
False
T or F: In Bandura’s classic Bo-Bo doll experiment, most of the children imitated all of the models, whether live, filmed, or cartoon.
True
T or F: Children who are born blind display the same basic emotional expressions in the same way sighted people do
True
T or F: An effective way to break mental sets is to frame the problem as narrowly as possible.
False
T or F: When a gene is recessive, it must be paired with a second gene of the same type before its effect will be expressed
True
T or F: Gender differences refer to biological characteristics, while sex differences refer to psychological and social factors.
False
T or F: Life changes, both good and bad, can increase one's susceptibility to accidents or illness.
True
T or F: Stress is almost always harmful and must be avoided at all costs.
False
T or F: When psychologists attribute development to nurture, they are referring to the effects of heredity
False
T or F: Everyone experiences some altered state of consciousness every day.
True
T or F: Having partial memories is a common occurrence for most people.
True
T or F: Very few cultures or religions recognize and accept alterations of consciousness.
False
T or F: Large doses of alcohol suppress orgasms in women and erections in men
True
T or F: Current guidelines suggest that toilet training goes most smoothly when it begins between 18 and 24 months of age
True
T or F: The id resides only in the unconscious level of awareness.
True
T or F: As little as 30 minutes of total exercise per day, even if it occurs in short 10- to 20-minute sessions, can improve mood and energy and relieve stress.
True
T or F: Classifying people into two or three types is more informative than rating people on a list of traits.
False
T or F: The reticular formation does not fully mature until adolescence, which may be why children have such short attention spans.
True
T or F: In the DSM-5, hoarding disorder is classified under obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
True
T or F: The current diagnostic manual for classifying psychopathology is called the Uniform Code of Psychopathology (UPC).
False
T or F: In the A-B-C analysis of rational-emotive behavior therapy, the letters stand for action, behavior, and catharsis
False
T or F: Night terrors and sleepwalking occur during REM sleep.
False
T or F: According to Freud, the ego is the part of the personality that is made up of innate biological instincts and urges, and is self-serving, impulsive, and irrational.
False
T or F: People who experience the horror of terrorist attacks at a distance, such as viewing it on television, cannot really be traumatized by these events.
False
T or F: The lowest needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of motives could be accurately described as growth needs.
False
T or F: Needs for power, affiliation, approval, status, security, and achievement are referred to as learned motives.
True
T or F: If you are asked, “Which direction do you turn the hot-water handle in your kitchen to shut off the water?” you would most likely use kinesthetic images to answer this question
True
T or F: Selective attention determines what information moves from sensory memory into short-term memory.
True
T or F: Overly permissive parents tend to have children who are resilient and who use positive coping skills
False
T or F: According to Freud, repressed memories, motives, and conflicts remain active in the personality and cause some people to develop rigid ego defenses and compulsive, self-defeating behavior
True
T or F: Compared to discovery learning, learning by rote tends to produce a better understanding of new problems.
True
T or F: Problems arising before adulthood, such as autism, are termed neurocognitive disorders.
False
T or F: An intersexual person has ambiguous sexual anatomy.
True
T or F: In the absence of testosterone, the embryo will develop female organs and genitals, regardless of genetic sex.
True
T or F: Good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness would be to move one’s head as little as possible and fixate on a distant immobile object.
True
T or F: When our attention is narrowly focused, we may experience inattentional blindness.
True
T or F: Frequent spankings tend to decrease aggression and reduce problem behaviors.
False
T or F: Victor Frankl based his logotherapy on experiences he had as a prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp
True
T or F: Munchausen syndrome and Munchausen by proxy syndrome are types of dissociative disorders
False
T or F: Repetitious stimuli shown in television commercials tend to be so boring that they fail in capturing our attention
False
T or F: Masturbation is an expression of immaturity and low self-esteem and can lead to sterility.
False
T or F: Guilt is one of the eight basic emotions described by Plutchik.
False
T or F: East Asians tend to have a relatively narrow focus of attention, while European Americans have a broader focus of attention.
False
T or F: Alcohol is classified as a stimulant, while nicotine is classified as a depressant.
False
T or F: By using tokens, positive responses can be immediately rewarded
True
T or F: During modeling, once a new response is tried, normal reinforcement or feedback determines whether it will be repeated thereafter
True
T or F: If Margie studies her college course in order to get good grades and praise from her parents, she would be described as being intrinsically motivated.
False
T or F: When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, one’s salivation, digestion, and production of tears are inhibited.
True
T or F: In client-centered therapy, clients determine what will be discussed during each session and must actively seek to solve their own problems.
True
T or F: Concentrative meditation is more difficult to attain than mindfulness meditation.
False
T or F: Once personality traits are identified, they can be used to predict future behavior.
False
T or F: The proper order of events required for classical conditioning to occur is CS---US---UR.
True
T or F: Very few criminal trials end with a verdict of not guilty by reason of insanity.
True
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