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Earth's History & Fossils

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  • What is the fourth step of fossilization?
    It gets found/discovered.
  • What species made up the Mesozoic Era?
    dinosaurs
  • Fossils in which minerals replace all or part of an organism are what type of fossil?
    PETRIFIED FOSSIL
  • A vertebrate with scaly skin that lays eggs with tough leathery shells, such as snakes and lizards
    REPTILE
  • A slug in the desert left its trail on the sand. Sediment covered this trail over time. Which type of fossil will form?
    trace fossil
  • What type of fossil provides evidence of the activities/behavior of ancient organisms?
    TRACE FOSSIL
  • What is the second step of fossilization?
    The organism gets covered/buried in sediment.
  • According to the fossil record, where were the oldest organisms on Earth first found?
    The ocean
  • Any animal without a backbone
    INVERTEBRATE
  • One of the units of geologic time into which geologists further divide eras are called
    PERIODS
  • Fossils give clues about how the environments were like in the past. Where was coal found that indicated its climate was once much warmer before?
    Antarctica
  • In geologic time, periods are further broken down into...
    EPOCHS
  • A vertebrate that lives part of its life on land and part of its life in water is called
    AMPHIBIAN
  • How many steps did we learn it takes for a fossil to form?
    4
  • An organism that no longer exists is
    EXTINCT
  • A scientist who studies fossils is called
    PALEONTOLOGIST
  • What type of rock do fossils form in?
    SEDIMENTARY ROCK
  • What type of fossil leaves a hollow area in sediment in the shape of an organism?
    MOLD
  • What type of fossil is an extremely thin coating of carbon on rock?
    CARBON FILM
  • What is the third step of fossilization?
    The organism hardens/turns to stone.
  • Why must scientists be careful when digging and handling fossils?
    They are fragile and can be broken easily.
  • What parts of an organism become fossilized?
    The harder parts of an organism, like skull, teeth, shells.
  • A warm-blooded vertebrate that has fur and produces milk for their young are called
    MAMMAL
  • What are 3 ways that a preserved remain can form?
    FROZEN, TAR, AMBER
  • One of the 3 long units of geologic time between the Precambrian and the present time
    ERA
  • What theory did Charles Darwin hypothesize?
    EVOLUTION
  • What species made up most of the Cenozoic Era?
    mammals
  • What is the black, sticky substance in which organisms may get stuck in and later become a preserved remain?
    TAR
  • What is the first step of fossilization?
    An organism dies.
  • What is ONE of the two most common types of fossils?
    Mold or cast
  • What must happen in order for an era to end and another era to begin?
    There must be a mass extinction of the dominant species.
  • Animals such as dogs and giraffes are animals with a backbone. Because they have a backbone, they are called
    VERTEBRATE
  • What species of animals made up the Paleozoic Era?
    Underwater Invertebrates
  • Preserved remains or traces of living things are called
    FOSSILS
  • Name the 3 eras in Earth's history.
    Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
  • What type of fossil is a 3D copy of the shape of an organism?
    CAST
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