Each 3 bases on mRNA are called codons. Each codon codes for 1 amino acid.
What are the characteristics of the primary level of proteins?
arrangement of amino acids
What is DNA Replication?
DNA copies itself.
Where does Translation occur?
Translation happens in the ribosome.
What are the characteristics of the tertiary level of proteins?
three dimensional shape of proteins
True or False: RNA is a single sided stranded.
True. DNA is double stranded.
What are segments of nucleotides located on the chromosomes that give specific instructions for a single trait?
Genes are segments of nucleotides located on the chromosomes that give specific instructions for a single trait
Translation requires which enzyme?
RNA Polymerase
DNA is often coiled around proteins called what?
DNA is often coiled around proteins called histones.
What is the building block of a protein?
Amino acids are the building blocks of protein
One of the 2 strands of DNA is used as a what strand to create a new strand of mRNA?
Template Strand
In DNAearth, C is married to G and in RNAland C is also married to G. A is married to T in DNAearth, but who is A married to in RNAland?
A is married to U in RNAland
Where does Transcription occur?
Transcription happens in the nucleus
What does DNA helicase do?
DNA Helicase is an (enzyme) unwinds the DNA.
What is an Okazaki Fragment?
are short sequences of DNA nucleotides
What are the characteristics of quaternary level of proteins?
two or more chains of polypeptides
Transcription always starts at a region called what?
Transcription always starts at a region called the promoter.
What is Transcription?
Transcription: DNA ---> mRNA
What is Messenger RNA (mRNA)?
mRNA: It makes a mirror copy of a gene on the DNA strand in the nucleus.
WHy is DNA Replication called semi-conservative?
because one half of the original strand is always saved, or “conserved.”
What is DNA Polymerase?
adds the complementary nucleotides and binds the sugars and phosphates. DNA polymerase travels from the 3’ to the 5’ end. The DNA is called the template strand.
DNA is coiled into strands, called what, which are found in the nucleus of Eukaryotes.
DNA is coiled into strands, called chromosomes, which are found in the nucleus of Eukaryotes.
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