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Imperialism Review

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  • What year did the British purchase the Suez Canal from Egypt?
    In 1875
  • Who was Herbert Spencer and what theory did he promote?
    Herbert Spencer was an Englishman who used Darwin's theory to argue that it was natural for a dominant race to conquer “weaker” people.
  • What was the result of the Berlin Conference?
    It led to the "Scramble for Africa" as European nations began competing to colonize Africa.
  • Why did the British purchase the Suez Canal in 1875?
    To have easy access to Asia and British colonies.
  • Since Britain had political and economic power in northern Africa, what did that cause other European nations to do?
    British power in northern Africa influenced other European imperialist nations to want to set up colonies in Africa
  • What was one of the primary motivations for exploration during Old Imperialism?
    To find new trade routes and new resources.
  • From what year to what year did the French control Indochina?
    From 1887 to 1954.
  • Which country colonized the East Indies, and when did they maintain control until?
    The Dutch colonized the East Indies and held control until 1949.
  • What is nationalism?
    An idea that promotes a strong national identity and that their country is better or more important than others
  • The causes of imperialism are the _________ why countries take over.
    reasons
  • What were two significant conflicts between the British and China during the period of imperialism?
    The Opium Wars and the Boxer Rebellion.
  • During Old Imperialism, did European nations focus on conquering weaker nations?
    No, they focused on finding new trade routes and new resources
  • What did New Imperialism focus on?
    The wave of European nations colonizing Asia and Africa during the 19th century, after the Industrial Revolution.
  • What is new imperialism?
    The policy of extending a country's power and influence over another country..
  • Besides the British, which other nations gained imperialistic control over parts of China?
    The Germans, French, and Russians
  • Did European nations struggle to get cheap labor for factory production?
    No, many people moved to large cities during the Industrial Revolution
  • What was The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885?
    A meeting of European countries to set rules for colonizing Africa
  • How is the theory of Social Darwinism "fuel" that helped imperialism?
    It helped imperialism to spread around the world like wildfire so countries can be the strongest.
  • As more technology was being invented and production increased, what two things did many European nations require?
    More resources and more labor
  • What time period did Old Imperialism cover?
    From the 15th century to the 18th century.
  • What conference set the rules for European nations colonizing Africa?
    The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885.
  • What is a colony in the context of imperialism?
    A location with native people where a group of settlers asserted economic and political control over the people for their parent country.
  • When did the British officially make India part of the British Empire?
    In 1858, after the unsuccessful rebellion by Indian sepoys.
  • Which European nations had taken control of Africa by 1914?
    The British, Germans, French, Belgians, Italians, and Portuguese.
  • What significant change did the British impose in India during their rule?
    They imposed new laws and social reforms.
  • What economic needs drove European nations toward imperialism?
    The need for cheap labor and resources to support their expanding markets and economic growth.
  • What year did the British start colonizing India?
    In 1763
  • What role did Christianity play in the imperialist mindset?
    Many Europeans felt it was their duty to civilize less developed parts of the world and spread Christianity.
  • What was the outcome of the Treaty of Nanking in 1842?
    It gave Hong Kong to the British and opened up Chinese trading ports to them.
  • What technological advantages did Europeans have during the New Imperialism?
    Modern medicine, transportation (such as steamboats), the telegraph for quick communication, and modern weapons (like machine guns).
  • What was the "Scramble for Africa?"
    European nations competing to colonize Africa
  • Which European countries were involved in Old Imperialism?
    Portugal, Spain, England, and France.
  • What significant changes occurred during the Industrial Revolution in Europe?
    New technology was invented to make farming more efficient and allowed for manufacturing and factories to develop.
  • What did European nations call the places they were exploring?
    The New World
  • By what year had multiple European nations taken control of Africa, with the exception of Liberia and Ethiopia?
    By 1914.
  • What important document was created that gave Hong Kong in China to the British, which opened up trading ports to British control?
    The Treaty of Nanking
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