🪨 Marble –
A smooth, shiny rock that can be white or colorful. It is used for statues and floors.
🪨 Basalt –
A dark, heavy rock that forms from lava! 🌋 It is often used to build roads.
This is a uncut diamond.
Chalk is soft—
you can write with it!
🌳 Over time, dead trees and plants become ...
part of the soil!
🪨 Granite –
A hard rock with different colors and sparkly spots. It is used in buildings and countertops.
🪨 Limestone –
A soft rock made from seashells and ocean animals. It is often used to make buildings.
🏜️ Sandy Soil –
Holds very little water and feels rough. 🌵 Desert plants grow well in sandy soil!
🪨 Pumice –
A light rock with tiny holes. It can float on water! It is used to smooth rough skin.
Different Kinds of Soil
Some rocks are made of many minerals.
Others are made of only one mineral.
💧 Clay Soil –
Holds a lot of water and feels slippery. 🌾 Many plants do not grow well in clay soil.
🪨 Obsidian –
A black, shiny rock made from lava. It can be sharp and was used to make ancient tools.
What Are Rocks?
Rocks come in many shapes, sizes, and colors!
💡 Some rocks are ..
soft
💡 What is a mineral?
A mineral is a nonliving thing that comes from the Earth.
💡 Some rocks are ..
hard
🟤 Most soil is brown,
but some can be red, gray, or yellow!
Read Together and Learn
Rondi Davies is a geologist at the American Museum of Natural History.
🔎 Fun Fact:
All rocks are made of minerals!
Granite is hard—
it is used in buildings!
Some rocks are smooth, while others are rough.
If hot carbon cools very quickly, ..
a diamond forms.
Essential Question:
❓ What are rocks and soil?
Some rocks are shiny, while others are dull.
A geologist is a scientist who studies rocks.
Meet Rondi Davies
This is a cut diamond.
Heat and pressure deep inside Earth can change carbon into diamonds.
Rondi studies diamonds and how they were formed. Diamonds are made of carbon.
🌱 Topsoil –
Holds some water and feels crumbly. 🌿 Most plants grow well in topsoil!
If hot carbon cools slowly, graphite forms....
That is the gray tip of your pencil!
What is Soil?
🌱 Soil is made of tiny rock pieces, dead plants, and dead animals.
🪨 Sandstone –
A rough, grainy rock made of tiny sand pieces. It can be red, yellow, or brown.
Different Kinds of Rocks