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11.5 The Gilded Age and Progressive Era

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  • The main goal of the Populist Party was to:
    Represent the interests of farmers and laborers
    Promote the interests of industrialists
    Support unregulated business expansion
    End Progressive reforms
  • Which event led to major workplace safety reforms in the early 20th century?
    The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
    The Haymarket Affair
    The Pullman Strike
    The Homestead Strike
  • What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)?
    To legalize monopolies
    To break up trusts/monopolies that restricted competition
    To regulate child labor
    To limit the power of labor unions
  • The term "New Immigrants" refers to those who arrived from:
    Latin America and Canada
    Northern and Western Europe
    Southern and Eastern Europe
    Africa and Asia
  • What was the main goal of the temperance movement?
    More immigration restrictions
    Women’s suffrage
    Expansion of factory jobs
    Prohibition of alcohol
  • The Social Gospel movement emphasized:
    That laissez-faire policies would help the poor
    The importance of business over religion
    That wealth was a sign of divine favor
    The Christian responsibility to address social problems
  • Who founded the Hull House to help immigrants and the urban poor?
    Susan B. Anthony
    Carrie Chapman Catt
    Ida B. Wells
    Jane Addams
  • What was the goal of the 19th Amendment?
    Women’s suffrage
    Ending child labor
    Direct election of senators
    Prohibition of alcohol
  • The term “trust-busting” refers to:
    Helping political machines gain power
    Creating government-run businesses
    Breaking up monopolies that reduced competition
    Supporting trusts to encourage economic growth
  • Which of the following best describes the main goal of Progressive political reforms like the initiative, referendum, and recall?
    To make the government more responsive to the people
    To limit voter participation
    To expand the power of political machines
    To give businesses more power over laws
  • What was the primary goal of the Progressive movement?
    Reducing government intervention in business
    Addressing social/political issues caused by Gilded Age
    Expanding U.S. territory
    Supporting laissez-faire economics
  • Which industrialist is most associated with the expansion of the steel industry in the Gilded Age?
    Cornelius Vanderbilt
    J.P. Morgan
    John D. Rockefeller
    Andrew Carnegie
  • What was the impact of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
    It declared Jim Crow laws unconstitutional
    It legalized racial segregation under “separate but equal”
    It expanded voting rights for African Americans
    It ended segregation in the South
  • What was the main goal of muckrakers?
    To promote unrestricted immigration
    To advocate for laissez-faire policies
    To support monopolies
    To expose corruption and social injustices
  • The main purpose of the Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883) was to:
    Support the influence of political machines
    Reform government hiring by requiring merit-based exams
    Expand the spoils system
    Increase presidential power over the government
  • The term “political machine” refers to:
    A reform movement in urban politics
    A system of checks and balances
    A group that controlled local government through corruption
    A new type of factory equipment
  • Which president is most associated with the Square Deal and trust-busting?
    William McKinley
    Herbert Hoover
    Theodore Roosevelt
    Woodrow Wilson
  • The term “robber barons” was used to describe some Gilded Age businessmen because they:
    Paid workers high wages
    Used unethical practices to eliminate competition
    Encouraged competition and innovation
    Supported government regulation of business
  • Which reformer is known for leading the fight against lynching?
    Ida B. Wells
    Carrie Nation
    Susan B. Anthony
    Margaret Sanger
  • What was a major effect of the assembly line, introduced by Henry Ford?
    Encouraged monopolies in the automobile industry
    Decreased industrial production
    Increased efficiency and reduced production costs
    Limited job opportunities for factory workers
  • Why did labor unions such as the American Federation of Labor (AFL) form?
    To promote big business
    To oppose industrialization
    To eliminate government intervention
    To improve wages, hours, and working conditions for workers
  • The 16th Amendment allowed for:
    Direct election of senators
    Women’s suffrage
    Prohibition of alcohol
    A federal income tax
  • What was a significant impact of the Progressive Era reforms?
    Immigration to the U.S. stopped
    Government took a more active role in regulating the economy
    State governments lost all control over laws
    Large corporations became more powerful
  • Jacob Riis’ book How the Other Half Lives focused on:
    The corruption of politicians
    The benefits of capitalism
    The struggles of farmers
    The problems faced by urban poor and immigrants
  • The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) was significant because it:
    Led to increased economic opportunities for immigrants
    The first major restriction on immigration in U.S. history
    Provided citizenship to Chinese immigrants
    Encouraged more immigration from Asia
  • The purpose of literacy tests and poll taxes in the South was to:
    Increase voter participation
    Ensure voters were well-informed
    Prevent African Americans from voting
    Promote Progressive-era political reforms
  • The purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887) was to:
    Limit the power of unions
    Promote free trade between states
    Allow government ownership of railroads
    Regulate railroads and prevent unfair business practices
  • Which African American leader advocated for immediate civil rights and co-founded the NAACP?
    Booker T. Washington
    W.E.B. Du Bois
    Frederick Douglass
    Marcus Garvey
  • Which of the following best describes laissez-faire economics?
    Government should regulate business for fair competition
    Businesses should be owned by the government
    Workers should set economic policies
    Government should not interfere in the economy
  • What did the 17th Amendment change about the U.S. Senate?
    It increased the number of senators per state
    It established the direct election of senators
    It gave senators the power to override presidential vetoes
    It allowed senators to serve unlimited terms
  • What was the significance of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle?
    All of the above
    It resulted in the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act
    It exposed the poor working conditions of factory workers
    It led to reforms in labor laws
  • The Federal Reserve System was created to:
    Limit government control of the economy
    Support monopolies and big businesses
    Regulate the banking industry and control money supply
    Prevent immigrants from entering the country
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