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11.5 The Gilded Age and Progressive Era

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  • Which president is most associated with the Square Deal and trust-busting?
    Herbert Hoover
    Woodrow Wilson
    Theodore Roosevelt
    William McKinley
  • The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) was significant because it:
    Encouraged more immigration from Asia
    Led to increased economic opportunities for immigrants
    Provided citizenship to Chinese immigrants
    The first major restriction on immigration in U.S. history
  • What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)?
    To regulate child labor
    To limit the power of labor unions
    To break up trusts/monopolies that restricted competition
    To legalize monopolies
  • The main purpose of the Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883) was to:
    Expand the spoils system
    Support the influence of political machines
    Increase presidential power over the government
    Reform government hiring by requiring merit-based exams
  • The Social Gospel movement emphasized:
    That wealth was a sign of divine favor
    The importance of business over religion
    That laissez-faire policies would help the poor
    The Christian responsibility to address social problems
  • What was the impact of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
    It legalized racial segregation under “separate but equal”
    It ended segregation in the South
    It expanded voting rights for African Americans
    It declared Jim Crow laws unconstitutional
  • Which event led to major workplace safety reforms in the early 20th century?
    The Haymarket Affair
    The Pullman Strike
    The Homestead Strike
    The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
  • What was a significant impact of the Progressive Era reforms?
    Immigration to the U.S. stopped
    Large corporations became more powerful
    State governments lost all control over laws
    Government took a more active role in regulating the economy
  • What did the 17th Amendment change about the U.S. Senate?
    It gave senators the power to override presidential vetoes
    It increased the number of senators per state
    It allowed senators to serve unlimited terms
    It established the direct election of senators
  • What was the main goal of the temperance movement?
    Women’s suffrage
    Expansion of factory jobs
    More immigration restrictions
    Prohibition of alcohol
  • What was the goal of the 19th Amendment?
    Ending child labor
    Direct election of senators
    Prohibition of alcohol
    Women’s suffrage
  • The purpose of literacy tests and poll taxes in the South was to:
    Ensure voters were well-informed
    Prevent African Americans from voting
    Promote Progressive-era political reforms
    Increase voter participation
  • The 16th Amendment allowed for:
    Women’s suffrage
    A federal income tax
    Direct election of senators
    Prohibition of alcohol
  • The term “political machine” refers to:
    A new type of factory equipment
    A group that controlled local government through corruption
    A reform movement in urban politics
    A system of checks and balances
  • Who founded the Hull House to help immigrants and the urban poor?
    Susan B. Anthony
    Carrie Chapman Catt
    Jane Addams
    Ida B. Wells
  • Jacob Riis’ book How the Other Half Lives focused on:
    The problems faced by urban poor and immigrants
    The struggles of farmers
    The corruption of politicians
    The benefits of capitalism
  • Which industrialist is most associated with the expansion of the steel industry in the Gilded Age?
    Cornelius Vanderbilt
    John D. Rockefeller
    J.P. Morgan
    Andrew Carnegie
  • The term "New Immigrants" refers to those who arrived from:
    Northern and Western Europe
    Africa and Asia
    Southern and Eastern Europe
    Latin America and Canada
  • Which reformer is known for leading the fight against lynching?
    Margaret Sanger
    Ida B. Wells
    Carrie Nation
    Susan B. Anthony
  • The purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887) was to:
    Regulate railroads and prevent unfair business practices
    Promote free trade between states
    Limit the power of unions
    Allow government ownership of railroads
  • What was the main goal of muckrakers?
    To support monopolies
    To expose corruption and social injustices
    To advocate for laissez-faire policies
    To promote unrestricted immigration
  • Why did labor unions such as the American Federation of Labor (AFL) form?
    To eliminate government intervention
    To promote big business
    To oppose industrialization
    To improve wages, hours, and working conditions for workers
  • Which of the following best describes laissez-faire economics?
    Businesses should be owned by the government
    Government should regulate business for fair competition
    Workers should set economic policies
    Government should not interfere in the economy
  • What was a major effect of the assembly line, introduced by Henry Ford?
    Decreased industrial production
    Increased efficiency and reduced production costs
    Limited job opportunities for factory workers
    Encouraged monopolies in the automobile industry
  • The Federal Reserve System was created to:
    Support monopolies and big businesses
    Regulate the banking industry and control money supply
    Limit government control of the economy
    Prevent immigrants from entering the country
  • Which African American leader advocated for immediate civil rights and co-founded the NAACP?
    Frederick Douglass
    W.E.B. Du Bois
    Booker T. Washington
    Marcus Garvey
  • What was the significance of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle?
    All of the above
    It exposed the poor working conditions of factory workers
    It led to reforms in labor laws
    It resulted in the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act
  • The main goal of the Populist Party was to:
    End Progressive reforms
    Support unregulated business expansion
    Promote the interests of industrialists
    Represent the interests of farmers and laborers
  • What was the primary goal of the Progressive movement?
    Addressing social/political issues caused by Gilded Age
    Reducing government intervention in business
    Supporting laissez-faire economics
    Expanding U.S. territory
  • The term “trust-busting” refers to:
    Supporting trusts to encourage economic growth
    Breaking up monopolies that reduced competition
    Creating government-run businesses
    Helping political machines gain power
  • The term “robber barons” was used to describe some Gilded Age businessmen because they:
    Encouraged competition and innovation
    Paid workers high wages
    Supported government regulation of business
    Used unethical practices to eliminate competition
  • Which of the following best describes the main goal of Progressive political reforms like the initiative, referendum, and recall?
    To limit voter participation
    To give businesses more power over laws
    To make the government more responsive to the people
    To expand the power of political machines
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