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11.5 The Gilded Age and Progressive Era

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  • What was the main goal of the temperance movement?
    Expansion of factory jobs
    More immigration restrictions
    Women’s suffrage
    Prohibition of alcohol
  • The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) was significant because it:
    Encouraged more immigration from Asia
    Led to increased economic opportunities for immigrants
    The first major restriction on immigration in U.S. history
    Provided citizenship to Chinese immigrants
  • The term “trust-busting” refers to:
    Creating government-run businesses
    Supporting trusts to encourage economic growth
    Breaking up monopolies that reduced competition
    Helping political machines gain power
  • Which event led to major workplace safety reforms in the early 20th century?
    The Pullman Strike
    The Homestead Strike
    The Haymarket Affair
    The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
  • Which African American leader advocated for immediate civil rights and co-founded the NAACP?
    W.E.B. Du Bois
    Marcus Garvey
    Frederick Douglass
    Booker T. Washington
  • What was a significant impact of the Progressive Era reforms?
    Large corporations became more powerful
    State governments lost all control over laws
    Immigration to the U.S. stopped
    Government took a more active role in regulating the economy
  • Who founded the Hull House to help immigrants and the urban poor?
    Jane Addams
    Susan B. Anthony
    Carrie Chapman Catt
    Ida B. Wells
  • What was the goal of the 19th Amendment?
    Direct election of senators
    Prohibition of alcohol
    Women’s suffrage
    Ending child labor
  • What was a major effect of the assembly line, introduced by Henry Ford?
    Encouraged monopolies in the automobile industry
    Decreased industrial production
    Increased efficiency and reduced production costs
    Limited job opportunities for factory workers
  • The term “robber barons” was used to describe some Gilded Age businessmen because they:
    Encouraged competition and innovation
    Paid workers high wages
    Used unethical practices to eliminate competition
    Supported government regulation of business
  • The term “political machine” refers to:
    A group that controlled local government through corruption
    A new type of factory equipment
    A system of checks and balances
    A reform movement in urban politics
  • Jacob Riis’ book How the Other Half Lives focused on:
    The corruption of politicians
    The struggles of farmers
    The benefits of capitalism
    The problems faced by urban poor and immigrants
  • Which industrialist is most associated with the expansion of the steel industry in the Gilded Age?
    J.P. Morgan
    Cornelius Vanderbilt
    Andrew Carnegie
    John D. Rockefeller
  • The purpose of literacy tests and poll taxes in the South was to:
    Prevent African Americans from voting
    Ensure voters were well-informed
    Promote Progressive-era political reforms
    Increase voter participation
  • Why did labor unions such as the American Federation of Labor (AFL) form?
    To oppose industrialization
    To eliminate government intervention
    To improve wages, hours, and working conditions for workers
    To promote big business
  • The main goal of the Populist Party was to:
    Represent the interests of farmers and laborers
    Support unregulated business expansion
    Promote the interests of industrialists
    End Progressive reforms
  • The 16th Amendment allowed for:
    Women’s suffrage
    A federal income tax
    Direct election of senators
    Prohibition of alcohol
  • What was the significance of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle?
    All of the above
    It resulted in the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act
    It led to reforms in labor laws
    It exposed the poor working conditions of factory workers
  • What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)?
    To legalize monopolies
    To break up trusts/monopolies that restricted competition
    To regulate child labor
    To limit the power of labor unions
  • What did the 17th Amendment change about the U.S. Senate?
    It increased the number of senators per state
    It gave senators the power to override presidential vetoes
    It established the direct election of senators
    It allowed senators to serve unlimited terms
  • What was the impact of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
    It legalized racial segregation under “separate but equal”
    It declared Jim Crow laws unconstitutional
    It expanded voting rights for African Americans
    It ended segregation in the South
  • Which of the following best describes laissez-faire economics?
    Workers should set economic policies
    Government should not interfere in the economy
    Businesses should be owned by the government
    Government should regulate business for fair competition
  • The purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887) was to:
    Allow government ownership of railroads
    Promote free trade between states
    Limit the power of unions
    Regulate railroads and prevent unfair business practices
  • Which reformer is known for leading the fight against lynching?
    Margaret Sanger
    Susan B. Anthony
    Carrie Nation
    Ida B. Wells
  • The Social Gospel movement emphasized:
    That wealth was a sign of divine favor
    That laissez-faire policies would help the poor
    The Christian responsibility to address social problems
    The importance of business over religion
  • What was the primary goal of the Progressive movement?
    Expanding U.S. territory
    Reducing government intervention in business
    Addressing social/political issues caused by Gilded Age
    Supporting laissez-faire economics
  • The term "New Immigrants" refers to those who arrived from:
    Northern and Western Europe
    Africa and Asia
    Southern and Eastern Europe
    Latin America and Canada
  • What was the main goal of muckrakers?
    To expose corruption and social injustices
    To support monopolies
    To promote unrestricted immigration
    To advocate for laissez-faire policies
  • Which of the following best describes the main goal of Progressive political reforms like the initiative, referendum, and recall?
    To give businesses more power over laws
    To make the government more responsive to the people
    To limit voter participation
    To expand the power of political machines
  • The Federal Reserve System was created to:
    Regulate the banking industry and control money supply
    Prevent immigrants from entering the country
    Limit government control of the economy
    Support monopolies and big businesses
  • The main purpose of the Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883) was to:
    Support the influence of political machines
    Increase presidential power over the government
    Expand the spoils system
    Reform government hiring by requiring merit-based exams
  • Which president is most associated with the Square Deal and trust-busting?
    William McKinley
    Theodore Roosevelt
    Herbert Hoover
    Woodrow Wilson
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