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Phonetics and Phonology

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  • Name one special letter in the Kazakh alphabet that does not exist in Russian.
    і (or ұ, ғ)
  • Which script is the Kazakh alphabet based on?
    The Cyrillic script
  • How are vowels classified based on tongue position?
    Жуан дауыстылар және жіңішке дауыстылар
  • How is the vowel ‘и’ pronounced in the word “қиын” (difficult)?
    As a back vowel
  • Give examples of words with only open vowels.
    орман, өлең, әке, әдеп, бақыт.
  • Which vowels are considered back vowels?
    а, о, ы, у
  • How many vowel sounds are there in the Kazakh language?
    12 (а, ә, о, ө, е, ы, і, ұ, ү, и, э, (у))
  • What happens to the vowels ы, і when the -у suffix is added to a verb?
    Оқы + у = оқу (ы түсіп қалады)
  • How is the vowel ‘у’ pronounced in the word “беру” (giving)?
    As a front vowel
  • Which vowels are considered front vowels?
    ә, ө, і, е, и, э