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Exam 4

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  • A client with myocardial infarction has been transferred from a coronary care unit to a general medical unit with cardiac monitoring via telemetry. A nurse plans to allow for which of the following client activities?
    Strict bed rest for at least 24 HRS to prevent falls
    Ad lib activities because client is being monitored
    Allowing him to move from bed to chair freely
    Bathroom privileges and self-care activities
  • Which medication will increase contractility?
    digoxin
    atorvastatin
    lisnopril
    losartan
  • What are the two symptoms Audrey advised are in both right and left sided heart failure?
    Tachycardia and Fatigue
  • The patient has a core body temperature of 38.7 C. The RN recognizes that this may decrease the patients
    Contractility
    Preload
    Afterload
  • A nurse notes 2+ bilateral edema in the lower extremities of a client with myocardial infarction who was admitted two (2) days ago. The nurse would plan to do which of the following next?
    Order daily weights starting the following morning
    Review the intake and output records for the last two days
    Request a sodium restriction of 1g/day from the physician
    Change the diuretic administration from morning to evening
  • An 8 year old boy is taking Digoxin. The nurse knows she should hold this medication if his pulse is
    <65
    <60
    <90
    <75
  • To evaluate a client’s condition following cardiac catheterization, the nurse will palpate the pulse:
    Above the catheter site
    Distal to the catheter insertion
    At the insertion site
    In all extremities
  • What are normal BUN/Creatinine levels?
    Bun: 6-20 Creatinine: 0.6-1.3
  • How much of a difference between apical-radial pulse may indicate a deficit?
    >5
    >2
    >3
    >4
  • A nurse is assessing the blood pressure of a client diagnosed with primary hypertension. The nurse ensures accurate measurement by avoiding which of the following?
    Using cuff that encircles at-least 80% of the limb
    Take blood pressure within 15 min after caffeine ingestion
    Seat client with arm bared, supported, and at heart level
    Measure BP after pt has been sitting quietly for 5 min
  • The physician’s order says to administered Lasix 40 mg IV twice a day. The patient has the following morning labs: Na+ 148, BNP 900, K+ 2.0, and BUN 10. Which of the following is a nursing priority?
    Hold the dose and notify the physician about the potassium
    Notify the physician of the BNP level
    Administer the Lasix as ordered
    Assess the patient for edema
  • IV drug use may put patient at risk for:
    PDA
    VSD
    MI
    IE
  • Which one of these medications is considered an angiotensin-converting enzyme?
    amlodipine
    lisinopril
    atorvastatin
    losartan
  • In order to prevent the development of tolerance, the nurse instructs the patient to:
    Use the patch only during acute angina episodes only
    Apply the nitroglycerin patch every other day
    Switch to SL nitro when BP elevates to >140 mm HG
    Apply the nitroglycerin patch for no more than 14HR/day
  • Nurse on the cardiac unit knows, sudden withdrawal of which medication could be dangerous?
    mononitrate
    lisinopril
    metoprolol
    atorvastatin
  • Which of the following instructions should be included in the discharge teaching for a patient discharged with a transdermal nitroglycerin patch?
    Apply the patch to the same site each day for absoprtion
    Apply the patch to a non-fatty area of the upper torso/arms
    If you get a headache, remove the patch for 4HRS & reapply
    If you get chest pain apply a second patch next to first one
  • Which of the following types of pain is most characteristic of angina?
    Tightness
    Knifelike
    Shooting
    Sharp
  • What is the normal range for BNP (B-type Natriuretic Peptide) levels?
    <100 pg/mL
  • The physician refers the client with unstable angina for a cardiac catheterization. The nurse explains to the client that this procedure is being used in this specific case to:
    Assess the extent of atrial blockage
    Open and dilate blocked coronary arteries
    Bypass obstructed vessels
    Assess the functional adequacy of valves and heart muscle
  • If patient is on digoxin, and his serum K levels are currently showing at 5.6mEq/L it could
    Enhance digoxin effects
    Inhibit digoxin effects
    Does not effect the medication
    Cause digoxin toxicity
  • During an echocardiogram an LVEF is measured to assess the amount of cardiac output. Which percentage is considered within normal range?
    68%
    57%
    75%
    49%
  • Hypertension is known as the silent killer. This phrase is associated with the fact that hypertension often goes undetected until symptoms of other system failures occur. This may occur in the form of:
    Liver disease
    Pulmonary Disease
    Myocardial infarction
    Cerebrovascular accident
  • Patient has crushing chest pain that radiates to his shoulder and left arm. The admitting diagnosis is acute MI. Orders are oxygen by NC at 4L/minute, blood work, chest X-ray, an ECG, and two (2) mg of morphine IV. The nurse should FIRST:
    Administer the morphine
    Obtain a 12-lead ECG
    Obtain the lab work
    Order the chest x-ray
  • Patient exhibits proper understanding of medication administration when he stated he will stop taking Viagra with which medication?
    isosorbide mononitrate
    morphine
    atorvastatin
    nitroglycerin
  • Which one of these medications can cause visual disturbances with (yellow/green halos)?
    digoxin
    furosemide
    lisinopril
    isosorbide mononitrate
  • Which of the following symptoms should the nurse teach the client with unstable angina to report immediately to her physician?
    Pain during mowing the lawn
    A change in the pattern of her pain
    Pain while resting
    A pain during sex
  • When auscultating heart sounds, the student nurse remembers Audrey teaching her about APETA, what does that stand for?
    Aortic, Pulmonary, Erks, Tricuspid, Apex
  • Which of the following parameters is the major determinant of diastolic blood pressure?
    Vascular resistance
    Renal function
    Cardiac output
    Baroreceptors
  • One hour after administering IV furosemide (Lasix) to a client with heart failure, a short burst of ventricular tachycardia appears on the cardiac monitor. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse suspect?
    Hypernatremia
    Hyperkalemia
    Hypermagnnesemia
    Hypokalemia
  • This diagnostic test is considered the "Gold Standard" for diagnosing AMI?
    Cardiac troponin
    12 Lead EKG
    Chest x-ray
    Echocardiogram
  • The patient was diagnosed with left sided heart failure, but now is exhibiting dyspnea and cough with frothy blood tinged sputum. This may be indicative of:
    MI
    Angina
    Pulmonary Edema
    Acute Coronary Syndrome
  • You're providing diet discharge teaching to a patient with a history of heart failure. Which of the following statements made by the patient represents they understood the diet teaching?
    I will limit my consumption of frozen meals
    I will limit my sodium intake to 5-6 grams a day.
    I will be sure to incorporate canned vegetables and fish
    Glad I can still eat sandwiches because I love bologna
  • Patient on the cardiac unit is complaining of an "annoying dry cough" since he started his new medication. Which medication may be causing this issue?
    atorvastatin
    lisinopril
    amlodipine
    losartan
  • Which of the following terms describes the resistance against which the ventricle must expel blood?
    Afterload
    Preload
    Cardiac Output
    Overload
  • Which position should patient be lying during Echocardiogram?
    Trendelenburg/legs elevated
    Right-side lying
    High Fowlers, feet dangling
    Left-side lying
  • OPQRST abbreviation stands for what?
    Onset, Precipitating events, Quality, Radiating, Severity, Time