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Period 5 Test Review #2

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  • What was the primary purpose of the Wilmot Proviso?
    To ban slavery in territories acquired from Mexico.
  • What role did women play during the Civil War?
    They served as nurses, took over businesses and farms, and supported war efforts on both sides.
  • Why was the Election of 1860 significant?
    Abraham Lincoln’s election prompted Southern states to secede, fearing he would end slavery.
  • How did the Civil War impact federal power?
    It strengthened federal authority over states, particularly in issues of secession and civil rights.
  • What were the effects of the Civil War on the Southern economy?
    The war devastated the South’s economy, destroyed infrastructure, and ended slavery as an institution.
  • What did the Homestead Act of 1862 do?
    It granted 160 acres of free land to settlers willing to farm and improve it for five years.
  • What was the significance of the Battle of Gettysburg?
    It was a turning point in the Civil War, stopping Confederate advances into the North.
  • What was the significance of John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry?
    It increased tensions between North and South as he attempted to start a slave rebellion.
  • Why was the Union victory at Vicksburg significant?
    It gave the Union control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy in two.
  • What was the Dred Scott decision?
    The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved persons were property, not citizens, and that Congress could not regulate slavery in territories.
  • What was the purpose of the Morrill Land-Grant Act?
    To provide federal land for the establishment of colleges specializing in agriculture and mechanics.
  • What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?
    To free slaves in Confederate-held territories and shift the Union's focus to ending slavery.
  • What was the impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
    It repealed the Missouri Compromise, allowed popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska, and led to violence in "Bleeding Kansas."
  • What was the significance of the Compromise of 1850?
    It strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act and allowed California to enter as a free state.
  • What did the Gettysburg Address emphasize?
    National unity, the sacrifice of soldiers, and the principles of equality and democracy.
  • What role did African Americans play in the Civil War?
    They served in the Union Army after the Emancipation Proclamation and contributed to the abolitionist cause.
  • What was the purpose of the 13th Amendment?
    To abolish slavery in the United States.
  • What was the significance of Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address?
    He called for reconciliation and healing after the war, emphasizing “malice toward none.”
  • What were the major advantages of the Union during the Civil War?
    The Union had greater industrial capacity, a larger population, and better transportation infrastructure.
  • What were the key points of the Confederate strategy during the Civil War?
    To defend Southern territory, gain international recognition, and outlast the Union’s will to fight.
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