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MEGA AS PHILOSOPHY REVISION

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  • What is “the case of Sue” and what does it show?
    The case of a 5-year-old girl being raped and murdered by her mother’s boyfriend.
  • Who is the proponent of the ontological argument?
    Anselm.
  • What is meant by “greatest possible being”?
    the God of classical theism.
    The best being that could possibly be in existence
  • What is moral evil?
    Moral evil is evil caused by human commission or omission which causes suffering.
  • What is transiency?
    Something that only lasts for a short time – mystical/religious experiences being fleeting and hard to remember.
  • What is the “first cause” argument?
    The idea that everything must have a cause
    so the universe must have been caused by God.
  • What is passivity?
    Losing control to a more powerful being during a mystical/religious experience.
  • What is a noetic experience?
    An experience that is made clear by logical
    intellectual thought.
  • What does “ineffability” mean?
    Concepts that cannot be expressed in words – God’s nature is thought to be ineffable.
  • What is the basic premise of the ontological argument?
    and this means that he must exist.
    That God is by definition the greatest possible being
  • What is an example from the world that is evidence of it being designed?
    A bird is perfectly designed to be able to fly.
  • What is the “vale of soul-making”?
    The world/the place where our souls are made up to the content of God.
  • Who does the King in the parable represent?
    Jesus/God.
  • Who is the proponent of the cosmological argument?
    Thomas Aquinas.
  • Name 2 scholars that agree with the free will defence?
    Richard Swinburne and Alvin Plantinga.
  • What is the role of evil in the “vale of soul-making”?
    Evil makes us better people
  • Who put forward the “vale of soul-making”?
    John Hick.
  • What is the criticism of the ontological argument from Guanilo?
    but that does not mean that it exists.
    I can imagine a perfect island
  • Name a scholar who agrees with process thought?
    David Griffin/A.N. Whitehead.
  • Why does evil pose a problem for religious believers?
    It questions the characteristics of God (is he all-loving
  • Name one weakness of the free will defence?
    Weakness: does not explain natural evil.
  • What is the essential premise of the free will defence?
    Evil is caused by human free will.
  • What is natural evil?
    Natural evil is evil not caused by humans but still causes widespread suffering.
  • What is a conversion experience?
    An experience which absolutely convinces someone that a greater being exists.
  • What is contingency?
    The idea that everything must rely on something else in order to exist.
  • What is a numinous experience?
    A feeling of awe and wonder which leads you to believe in the existence of a greater being.
  • Who is the proponent of the design/teleological argument?
    William Paley.
  • Who advocated the evidential problem of evil?
    William Rowe.
  • What is a soul-making theodicy?
    The idea that all people are working towards becoming better and evil is instrumental in making people better.
  • What is a theodicy?
    A theodicy justifies the existence of God in the face of evil.
  • How is the logical problem of evil solved by process thought?
    God is not omnipotent
    so he cannot stop evil.
  • What is the watch analogy?
    you would still know it had a designer. This is like the world.
    If one found a watch on the floor and had never seen one
  • Who wrote the Parable of the King and the Maiden?
    Soren Kierkegaard.
  • What is the Inconsistent Triad?
    a set of three statements where logically one must be wrong
  • Name one strength of the free will defence?
    Strength: solves the logical problem.
  • Name one scholar who advocated the logical problem of evil?
    David Hume/Epicurus/J.L. Mackie.
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