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Chemistry Fall Semester Review

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  • What is a cation? describe how it is formed
    positive ion; loss of electrons
  • What is the electrical charge of each subatomic particle?
    protons: positive; electrons: negative; neutrons: neutral
  • What makes the noble gases "special"?
    they have a full set of valence electrons and are unreactive because they are stable
  • What is the correct formula for the ionic compound containing: Potassium (K) and Oxygen (O)
    K+1 and O-2 --> K2O
  • What is the oxidation number of all Alkaline Earth metals?
    +2 or 2+
  • Ionic bonds form between...
    2 metals
    metal and nonmetal
    2 nonmetals
    metalloids
  • How many more electrons does oxygen want?
    2
  • Which has the largest atomic radius Magnesium (Mg) or Potassium (K)?
    Potassium (K)
  • What is the only periodic trend that applies to the noble gases?
    Atomic Size
  • If a set of measurements is close together but far from the actual value the are ___.
    precise but not accurate
    accurate and precise
    not accurate or precise
    accurate but not precise
  • What is the largest unit of mass? gram, mg, cg, kg
    kg
  • How many electrons can the 1st energy level hold?
    2
  • Why do atoms in the same family have similar chemical properties?
    same number of valence electrons
  • What does the period tell you about the structure of the atom?
    number of energy levels
  • What is the fundamental force of the universe that holds the atom togehter?
    electromagnetic attraction (force)
  • Which atoms are the exceptions to the octet rule?
    H, He, Li, Be. B, (C)
  • Which is the most electronegative calcium (Ca) or beryllium (Be)?
    Be
  • What is an anion? describe how it is formed
    negative ion; gain of electrons
  • What is 451,000 in scientific notation?
    4.51 x 10^5
  • What does the group/family tell you about the structure of the atom?
    number of valence electrons
  • What is the common name for the 18th column?
    noble gasses
  • What are the 3 subatomic particles and where are they located?
    protons & neutrons: nucleus; electrons: electron cloud
  • What is the force holding the anions and cations together in an ionic bonds?
    electromagnetic
  • How many electrons can the 3rd energy level hold?
    8
  • How many valence electrons do the majority of atoms "want"?
    8
  • What are columns of the periodic table called?
    group/family
  • What is the oxidation number of all Alkali metals?
    +1 or 1+
  • What is the density of water?
    1 g/cm^3 (1 g/mL)
  • What is 3.12 x 10^-3 in standard form?
    0.00312
  • T/F: Density is dependent on the amount of the substance that you have.
    False
  • What is an ion?
    charged atom
  • What is the correct formula for the ionic compound containing: Calcium (Ca) and Sulfur (S)
    Ca+2 & S-2 --> Ca2S2 --> CaS
  • How many electrons can the 2nd energy level hold?
    8
  • T/F: Electrons cannot exist between energy levels because energy is quantized.
    True
  • What are valence electrons?
    electrons in the highest (outermost) energy level
  • What is the common name for the 17th column?
    Halogens
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