Arterioschlerosis is __________________ caused by __________________
a disease / too much fatty acids and cholesterol building up a plaque in the arteries of the heart.
What are the dark orange molecules in between the phospholipids? Why are they needed?
Those are cholesterol molecules. They give the plasma membrane added strength and flexibility.
Which picture (Top or Bottom) represents an unsaturated fatty acid? Be sure to explain why.
The picture on the bottom is the unsaturated fatty acid because it is bent due to a double bond between to carbon atoms.
What are glycoproteins? What is their function in the cell membrane?
They are proteins with sugars attached to them. They act as ID tags and help with cell to cell adhesion.
What are hydrophobic molecules? Name two. Can they pass through the cell membrane?
Molecules without charges. Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen are examples. They will NOT get stuck on the heads and WILL dissolve into the fatty layer of cell membranes
What are two important hormones that can be made with this molecule?
Estrogen and Testosterone also known as the "sex hormones".
This lipid is _________________
Cholesterol
How many types of fatty acids are in this triglyceride molecule?
1 saturated fat and 2 unsaturated fats
What are Carrier Proteins?
Solid proteins with a certain shape that will allow them to engulf charged sugars, amino acids, ions (such as Na+ and Cl-) and haul them across the membrane.
What are the biological functions of triglycerides?
These large molecules are energy rich. They provide organisms with lots of calories to burn for fuel. They also make insulation like blubber.
True or False? Water will easily pass through this phospholipid bilayer.
False! Water is polar and will stick to the charged heads of phospholipids. Water will pass through protein tubes stuck in between the phospholipids.
What kind of lipid molecule is this?
A phospholipid. This is what the cell membrane is primarily made up of.
Which of the following three foods is the best source of a saturated fatty acid known as stearic acid
The steak! Stearic acid is an animal fat used by muscles to store energy.
What kind of lipid molecue is this?
A triglyceride
What are Channel Proteins. Can you describe a molecule that would need one?
Channel proteins are hollow tubes (made of protein) that allow polar and other charged molecules, like water, to pass through.
If 100,000 phospholipids are exposed to water, describe the shape and appearance the will take on.
They will form a hollow ball with the heads interacting with water on the outside and the inside of the hollow ball while tails "hide" from water.
Which of the following is the chemical formula for a fat: 1) C6H12O6 2) CH3(CH2)COOH 3) CH(NH2)COOH
Answer Number 2
In order to pass through the cell membrane, chemicals must _______________.
Have no charges. Not be polar. Fat soluable.
How can you describe the chemical properties associated with the heads and tails of phospholipids
The heads are charged and hydrophilic (water loving) while the tails have no charges and hydrophobic (water hating)
Which picture (Top or Bottom) represents a saturated fatty acid? Be sure to explain why.
The picture on top is the saturated fatty acid because it is straight and has no double bonds.
Which of the following, the Chicken or the Avocado, is the best source of an unsaturated fatty acid known as archiodonic acid?
The Avocado! Unsaturated fats are usually found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains.