Describe the following places of articulation: bilabial, labiodental, dental and alveolar.
.
Complete the vowel chart with short vowels.
.
Define "soft palate" or "velum".
It's the articulator that allows the air to pass through the nose or the mouth.
Define "teeth"
They are passive articulators and we have upper and lower teeth.
Describe "affricates".
It's combination of plosives and fricatives. First, the air is obstructed and, then, it is released slowly through a narrowing passage.
Define "trachea" or "windipipe".
It's a tube that connects the lungs to the larynx and pharynx allowing the passage of air.
What are the three branches of phonetics? What do they focus on?
Articulatory: how sounds are produced. Acoustic: how sounds are transmitted from the mouth to the ear. Auditory: speech perception or the hearing process.
Define "glottis".
The opening between the vocal folds.
Define "uvula".
It's a piece of flesh that hands down at the back of the mouth. It prevents food and liquid from entering the nasal cavity.
Describe "fricatives".
There’s a narrowing obstruction of the air flow, which escapes trough a narrow opening in the articulator producing a hissing sound.
Define "articulators".
Set of muscles and organs inside the vocal tract that shape the air flow to produce speech sounds.
Describe the criteria "Voicing".
.
Define "smoothing".
.
Describe the criteria "force of articulation".
.
Describe "nasals"
There’s a complete obstruction of the air in the mouth or oral cavity, so the air escapes through the nose.
Define "phonetics"
Study of sounds and how these are produced, transmitted and perceived. It deals with the concrete, measurable and physical properties of speech sounds.
Define "tongue"
It's the most important active articulator since it is involved in the production of all vowels and most consonants.
Define "alveolar ridge".
It's between the front upper teeth and the hard palate. Its surface is civered wuth little ridges that the tongue is constantly touching.
Describe the following places of articulation: Palatal, palato-alveolar, velar and glottal.
.
What are the differences between pure vowels and diphthongs?
.
Define "pharynx".
It's a tube that begins just above the larynx and is divided into 2 sections: one that leads two the oral cavity, and the other one that connects the nasal one.
Describe "plosives".
There’s a complete obstruction of the air flow and, then, the air is abruptly released causing a puff of air.
Describe the different stages of the glottis.
.
Define "hard palate".
AKA "roof of the mouth". It's a smoothy bony curved surface.
Describe "epiglottis".
It is attached to the lower part of the root of the tongue. It prevents food and liquid from entering the windpipe and lungs, so it moves backwards.
Define "esophagus".
It's a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach. It runs behind the windpipe.
What are the differences between consonants and vowels?
.
Define "vocal folds" or "vocal cords".
Two flats of muscle similar to a pair of lips that can be brought together or separated through muscular action.
Describe "laterals".
In their production, the air flows through the sides of the tongue.
Define "phonology".
It focuses on a more abstract level (sounds in context) and deals with the system, rules and patterns of the sounds from a particular language.
Complete the vowel chart with long vowels.
.
Describe "approximants".
In their production, the articulators are closed enough to cause “turbulence”.
Define "larynx".
It's a casing located in the neck and attached to the trachea. AKA Adam's apple. Inside this box there're the vocal folds.
Define "linguistics"
the science that deals with the general study of the language, like its grammar, morphology or phonology.
Define "triphthong".
.
Describe the criteria "position of the velum".
.