What two mountain ranges form the geographic border between Europe and Asia?
Ural Mountains and the Caucasus Mountains
What two things does the Eastern Orthodox Church deny that the Bible teaches?
(1) the human will was corrupted by the Fall and (2) Christ's sacrificial death that satisfies God's divine wrath over sin
What kind of economy does Russia have?
mixed
Which Russian president has increased the power of the president and moved Russia back toward a more centralized government?
Vladimir Putin
About 80% of the Russian population is what nationality?
native Russian
How is most power produced in Russia that causes significant air pollution?
coal-fired plants
Name an environmental issue regarding water in Russia
the water is unsafe to drink because of chemicals and oils being dumped into the water supply
What two waterways are significant in Russia?
Volga-Baltic Waterway and White Sea-Baltic Canal
Name one large industry Russia is known for.
arms (weapons) industry
a ruler in Russia similar to an emperor or king
czar
the change from government ownership to private ownership of industries
privatization
the layer of soil beneath the surface that remains frozen throughout the year which limits vegetation growth
permafrost
Name four proposed solutions to the environmental problems in Russia.
(1) to make economic improvements, (2) to create laws for reducing or eliminating pollution, (3) creating legitimate advocacy groups, and (4) no more corruption
climate conditions that form over the interior of a large landmass and are characterized by temperature extremes such as hot summers and extremely cold winters
continentality
Name four things that Russian people enjoy.
music, dance, food, and sports
the three regions of Russia
Northern European Russia, Southern European Russia, and Asian Russia
Other than plate tectonics and volcanoes, what other process helped to shape the mountains, plains, hills, and plateaus in Russia?
glaciation
What doctrine does Eastern Orthodox reject that the Bible teaches?
original sin
What two environmental issues affect the air in Russia?
automobile exhaust and wildfires that can burn for weeks or months
this extends 5,778 miles from Moscow in the West to Vladivostok on the Pacific Ocean
Trans-Siberian Railway
How many years of environmental damage has Russia caused?
100
What large-scale production has resulted in the contamination of large areas in Russia?
radioactive materials
What are the three branches of Russian government?
executive, legislative, and judicial
What is the longest river in Europe that flows through Russia?
Volga River
What two things does Russia offer its citizens for free?
universal health care and an eleven-year education
What two earth-shaping processes formed the various landforms in Russia?
plate tectonics and volcanoes
Which branch of Russia's government is the most powerful?
executive
Which church became the "mother" of other churches with the same name in Eastern Europe?
Russian Orthodox Church
What is the legislative branch of the Russian government called and its two divisions?
Federal Assembly divided into two houses: Federation Council and State Duma
a Russian term for "openness" which refers to the opening of the Soviet Union to the West
glasnost
Where does 80% of Russia's population live?
west of the Ural Mountains
What did Russia become in 1922?
USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
radioactive byproducts of the manufacture of nuclear energy and nuclear weapons
nuclear waste
What does the government in Russia have control over when it relates to its citizens?
the media
In what year did the Soviet Union collapse?
1991
Name some natural resources from Russia.
petroleum, natural gas, hydroelectric, aluminum ore, gold, silver, coal, copper, wood, tin, lead, and iron
What are three environmental issues that affect the land in Russia?
nuclear waste being dumped, deforestation due to logging, fires, and destruction of trees, and erosion caused by the massive removal of trees
a passing down of power
devolution
What did Boris Yeltsin form to retain economic ties among the former Soviet Union states?
CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States)
What are the four political divisions in Russia?
oblasts, okrugs, krais, and federal cities
a person who opposes official government policy in an authoritarian state
dissident
What two rivers are vital for resources in Russia?
Volga and Don Rivers
a Russian term for the "reconstructing" that brought more free-market policies and some private ownership of property to the Soviet Union in the 80s
perestroika
an illegal underground or shadow economy that thrives in Russia
black market
rich black topsoil that provides bountiful harvests when rainfall is adequate
chernozem
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