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All about the Contemporary Age

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  • Who is the most important example of Modernist architecture in the 20th century in Spain?
    The most important example of Modernist architecture is Antoni Gaudí.
  • Who fought in the first Carlist War?
    The absolutists (Carlists) against the liberals (Isabellines).
  • If we compared Spain to other European countries in the 19th century, what happened to industrialisation and economic development?
    It arrived late.
  • What is the meaning of illiterate?
    Someone who is unable to read or write.
  • What marked the beggining of the Contemporary Age?
    The Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution marked the beggining of the Contemporary Age.
  • Who changed the Law of Succession?
    Fernando VII
  • Who won the Spanish Civil War? Who was their leader?
    The Nationalists that were led by Francisco Franco.
  • What year was it?
    It was in 1938.
  • Who disagreed with the Law of Succession?
    Infante Carlos (Fernando VII's brother)
  • Put these events in chronological order: a) First Spanish Republic, b) First Carlist War c) End of the War of Independence.
    c) End of the War of Independence (1814) - b) First Carlist War (1833-1839) - c) First Spanish Republic (1873-1874).
  • In terms of music, who is considered a leader of the avant-garde movement in Spain?
    Manuel de Falla
  • Who is the leader of the Liberals?
    The leader was Sagasta.
  • What type of government did replace the Constitution of 1876?
    A military dictatorship.
  • How is it called an influential group of poets that arose in Spanish literary circles between 1923 and 1927?
    It is called the Generation of '27.
  • What three writers could survive in the Spanish post-war?
    Camilo José Cela, Carmen Laforet and Miguel Delibes.
  • Who was persecuted, imprisoned and killed during Franco's dictatorship?
    Many Republicans.
  • How is it called the period from 1902 to 1923 in Spain?
    It is called Regenerationism.
  • What is the main characteristic of Modernist architecture?
    The main characteristic is the use of organic forms similar to the shapes we find in nature.
  • What is the labour movement?
    Factory workers united to demand decent working and living conditions.
  • What modern technology did appear in the 20th century? Answer with 4 examples.
    Cars, telephones, radios and electricity.
  • What did María Cristina of Bourbon do in 1833? Why?
    She became regent, becase Fernando VII died and his daughter Isabel II was just 3 years old at that time.
  • What right did the children get during the Second Republic?
    The children got the right to a primary education.
  • What happened when Amadeo I abdicated the throne in 1873?
    The First Spanish Republic was proclaimed.
  • What did Alfonso XIII try to restore after Primo de Rivera's dictatorship?
    Alfonso XIII tried to restore the constitutional regime.
  • What happened to Isabel II in 1868?
    She was forced into exile in France.
  • Poetry: What important woman was part of the Generation of '27?
    Josefina de la Torre Millares.
  • What year was it?
    It was in 1937.
  • Complete the sentence with two characteristics: The first decades of Franco's dictatorship were years of...
    Famine and economic difficulties.
  • Who won the War of Independence? And in what year?
    Spain in 1814
  • Who led a coup in 1923?
    General Primo de Rivera.
  • Find at least three groups of people that supported the Republicans during the Spanish Civil War.
    The left-wing working class, farm labourers, governments of Catalunya and Euskadi, the Soviet Union (USSR) or the International Brigades.
  • Who was proclaimed King in 1902 at the age of sixteen?
    It was Alfonso XII.
  • Find at least three groups of people that supported the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War.
    Right-wing conservative sectors of society (upper classes and landowners), the church, Hitler's Nazi Germany and Mussolini's fascist Italy.
  • What did the Constitution of "La Pepa" defend?
    The rights and liberties of citizens against absolutism.
  • When did Francisco Franco die?
    Francisco Franco died in (November) 1975.
  • When was the beggining of the War of Independence?
    On 2nd May 1808
  • What two countries were mainly involved in the War of Independence?
    Spain and France.
  • When Napoleon made Carlos IV abdicate, who took the throne?
    Joseph Bonaparte took the throne.
  • Who is the leader of the Conservatives?
    The leader was Canovas del Castillo.
  • Who led a coup in July 1936?
    General Francisco Franco led the coup at that time.
  • Who ruled the country when Alfonso XII died? Why?
    It was María Cristina of Habsburg (his wife), because his son Alfonso XIII was just a baby.
  • Where and when was the first Spanish Constitution passed?
    It was passed in the Cortes de Cádiz in 1812.
  • What happened to the Spanish colonies in America during Fernando VII's reign?
    The Spanish colonies started to proclaim their independence.
  • Who was an important film director who belonged to the Generation of '27?
    Luis Buñuel
  • Who was proclaimed Queen in 1843?
    Isabel II.
  • In the 19th century, what did the working class suffer in their jobs?
    They suffered harsh working conditions, extreme poverty and the exploitation of their children.
  • During the 19th century people suffered many changes. In terms of social changes, how many social classes were there?
    There were three main classes: bourgeoisie (or upper class), middle class and working class.
  • What year was it?
    It was in 1936.
  • What type of government was established after the Spanish Civil War?
    It was established a military dictatorship.
  • When was General Primo de Rivera a dictator?
    General Primo de Rivera was a dictator from 1923 to 1930.
  • In the 19th century, what are the three main changes?
    Social changes, medical advances and policital movements.
  • What happened in Spain in 1917?
    At that time Spain had an important social and political crisis.
  • Who took the throne after the War of Independence?
    Fernando VII
  • What happened at the beginning of the 19th between Carlos IV and Fernando VII?
    They had a conflict because of the throne.
  • What is the meaning of avant-garde?
    Avant-garde means new and original.
  • What city was the heart of Modernist Architecture?
    The city was Barcelona.
  • Correct the mistake: Industrialisation in Spain arrived early and was quick.
    Industrialisation in Spain arrived late and was slow.
  • Who was the leader of the Moderate Liberals?
    It was Narváez.
  • Who invaded Spain at the beginning of the 19th century?
    Napoleon Bonaparte.
  • Who was the leader of the Progressives?
    It was Espartero.
  • What is the name of the group of writers and intellectuals in the 19th century?
    The Generation of '98.
  • Correct the mistake: María Cristina of Bourbon became regent when Alfonso XII died.
    María Cristina of Habsburg became regent when Alfonso XII died OR María Cristina of Bourbon became regent when Fernando VII died.
  • Who is one of the most important painters of the 20th century of Spain?
    Pablo Picasso.
  • What three artistic styles can we find in the 19th century?
    Romanticism, realism and impressionism.
  • Complete the sentence: The ideas of the Enlightenment included...
    the concepts of liberty and equal political and social rights.
  • What is the meaning of uprisings?
    Rebellions
  • In what year did the Republican fronts collapse?
    The Republican fronts collapsed in 1939.
  • Who is the son of Isabel II?
    It is Alfonso XII of Bourbon.
  • Which two parties did share power during Alfonso XII's reign?
    The two parties that shared powers were the Conservatives and the Liberals.
  • What did Fernando VII do with the Constitution of 1812?
    He abolished it and restored absolutism.
  • What important Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director was executed by Nationalist forces?
    Federico García Lorca
  • How many dictatorships did Spain have in the 20th century?
    Spain had two dictatorships in the 20th century: Primo de Rivera and Francisco Franco.
  • What did Spain experience for the first third of the 20th century? How do we call this time?
    Spain experienced a time of cultural splendour that it is called the Silver Age.
  • After the exile of Isabel II, what Constitution was passed? What type of government was settled in Spain?
    The Constitution of 1869 which stablished a parliamentary monarchy.
  • After the death of Francisco Franco what transition did Spain experience?
    Spain experienced the transition from dictatorship to democracy.
  • What common themes were used in Romanticism?
    The common themes were the revolutionary climate and exotic lands.
  • What king did support General Primo de Rivera immediately?
    The king who supported General Primo de Rivera was Alfonso XIII.
  • When did the Second Republic start? And when did it finish?
    The Second Republic started in 1931 and it finished in 1936.
  • Who did Franco declare as his heir before he died?
    Franco declared Prince Juan Carlos as his heir.
  • What two countries did start a war in 1909?
    Spain and Morocco started a war to fight for the last African colonies.
  • What woman was a very important philosopher in the 20th century?
    María Zambrano
  • What two sides were there in the Spanish Civil War?
    The Republicans and the Nationalists.
  • During the Civil War, what happened to many artists and writers?
    They died or were exiled.
  • During the 1950s, where did many people migrate?
    Many people migrated from the rural areas to large cities like Madrid and Barcelona.
  • What happened to the economy in the 1960s?
    The economy improved.
  • How is it called the painting that shows the bombing of a Spanish city during the Civil War? Who is the author?
    It is called Guernica. The author is Pablo Picasso.
  • When did Amadeo I become king? For how long?
    He became king in 1870 for three years.
  • What american country did not intervene in the Spanish Civil War?
    The american country that didn't intervene in the Spanish Civil War was the USA.
  • What are the creoles?
    People who was born in America but came from a Spanish family.
  • What war did take place from 1936 to 1939?
    The Spanish Civil War took place at that time.
  • What king did abdicate when the Second Republic was proclaimed?
    The king that abdicated was Alfonso XIII.
  • What happened between landowners and peasants during the Second Republic?
    There was a redistribution of land from large landowners to the peasants.
  • What regions did get more autonomy during the Second Republic?
    The regions that got more autonomy were Cataluña (Catalunya), País Vasco (Euskadi) and Galicia.
  • In 1936, how was called the left-wing political party?
    It was called The Populist Front.
  • What is a coup?
    A coup is a sudden change in government, by force.
  • Who won the municipal elections in 1931?
    The Republicans won the municipal elections in 1931.
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