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B2.4 Nutrition (ARK)

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  • what do enzymes do?
    speed up chemical reactions
  • What is digestion?
    the breaking down of large molecules into smaller ones that can be absorbed by the body
  • What does bile do?
    neutralises stomach acid
  • If a plant has stunted growth, which nutrient is it deficient in?
    nitrogen
    water
    magneisum
    phosphate
  • what is a substrate?
    the molecule broken down by an enzyme
  • what is the part of an enzyme that a substrate binds to called?
    active site
  • kwashiorkor is a disease that causes children to have stunted growth, which nutrient are they deficient in?
    protein
  • If a plant has yellowing leaves, which nutrient is it deficient in?
    water
    nitrogen
    potassium
    magnesium
  • how is the small intestine adapted for its function?
    it has villi and microvilli that increase surface area, so more nutrients can be absorbed
  • which food test is benedict's solution used in?
    starch
    sugars
    protein
    lipids (fats)
  • why are control variables used in experiments?
    so you can compare results
  • proteins are broken down into ...
    amino acids
  • what is a control variable?
    the thing you keep the same
  • where do plants get their nutrients e.g., nitrates from?
    the soil
  • Which of the following is NOT a digestive enzyme?
    catalase
    carbohydrase
    protease
    lipase
  • what is mechanical digestion?
    how the body physically digests food
  • what does the lock and key hypothesis show us?
    how enzymes and substrates bind together
  • what is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach called?
    oesophagus
  • why are scientific models useful?
    they help us visualise unseen/hard to imagine processes, and can help to describe them
  • describe what happens when the amylase enzyme is added to starch
    breaks starch down into glucose
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