What is runway incursion and why does it happen? (name 3 factors)
unauthorized entry on the active runway; reasons: miscommunication, bad signage, lack of knowledge of procedures, no fencing
What services does PANSA offer within ASM?
ASM = airspace management; they design and implement different types of areas: CTR, MCTR, TMA, TSA...
If you want to fly to a new airport in Poland, where can you find all necessary information about this aerodrome?
AIP – Polska (Aeronautical information publication – Polska)
What are 3 levels (types) in controlled airspace?
aera (enroute) control – covers the whole Poland, approach (terminal) control – covers the area surrounding big airports, tower (airport) control
What is the name of a hinged part of the aircraft wing which can be raised or lowered to control the rolling movement of the plane?
aileron
What is the name of a bar or rod used to strengthen the structure against forces from the side?
strut
What is the name of the main longitudinal beams of an aircraft wing?
wing spars
What is a control surface attached to horizontal stabilizer used to produce nose up/ down motion?
elevator
Name primary flight control surfaces
ailerons, elevator, rudder
Haw do we call those markings and what information do pilots get from them?
Landing designators; the heading of operations, number of runways
Name the stress shown in the picture. Explain how ot works. Give an example where it can be found on an aircraft.
shear is a stress when two pieces of fastened material tend to separate; it is the outcome of sliding one part over the other in opposite direction, rivets
What does it mean to roll for take off?
to gain speed to take off
Apart from linguistic give 3 more examples of factors increasing the possibility of communication breakdown.
technical, procedural, human
What is the name of this element of an airport and what is its function?
blast deflector/ blast fence, to protect the traffic behind the threshold against the blast from the engines
What is a synonym to the undercarriage?
landing gear
explain the word outbound
all traffic leaving an airport
What are airport hotspots and what can be done to reduce their number?
complicated intersections; reduced by: better signage/ markings, different traffic organisation, building additional taxiways
What is a readback?
procedure involving repeating information so that to confirm that it was well understood (both pilots and ATCs)
Name the stress shown in the picture. Explain how ot works. Give an example where it can be found on an aircraft.
Tension is defined as pulling in opposite direction along the same straight line; stretching an object; control cable
What is a NOTAM?
Notice to Air Missions - a notice containing information essential for safe flight operations but not known soon enough to be published by other means
What is the name of the tail assembly of the aircraft?
empennage
Give 5 recommendations to reduce the number of miscommunications
short instructions, listening to readbacks, speaking slowly, breaking up the message, asking for repetition, including full call signs
What is the name of the body of the aircraft without the engines, instruments and internal fittings?
airframe
Name the stress shown in the picture. Explain how ot works. Give an example where it can be found on an aircraft.
Compression is the resistance to crushing produced by two forces pushing toward each other in the same straight line; an airplane is on the ground
What does it mean that a pilot advises an ATC?
advises means informs in aviation phraseology
What is the name of this element of an airport and what is its function?
windsock, to indicate the strength and the direction of the wind
What does it mean to hold short of something?
to stop and not enter something (when waiting for further instruction) or to stay away from something
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