Study

Gerunds and Infinities

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  • Sometimes teenagers complain about not (take) seriously by adults. (present tense)
    being taken
  • The music is too loud. Which sentence means the same? a. I like this music. b. I don’t like this music.
    I don’t like this music.
  • Movie stars sometimes don’t enjoy (ask) questions by the public. (present tense)
    being asked
  • At first, the man denied having robbed the bank. 
Which sentence means the same? a. At first, the man said that he hadn’t robbed the bank. 
b. At first, the man said that the bank hadn’t been robbed.
    At first, the man said that he hadn’t robbed the bank.
  • Jane intends (marry) by the time she is 30. (present tense)
    to be married
  • The other driver appears (to have caused / having been caused) the accident.
    to have caused
  • The robber appeared to have broken the law before. Which sentence means the same?
a. It appeared that the law hadn’t been broken by him before 
b. It appeared that the robber had broken the law before.
    It appeared that the robber had broken the law before.
  • The dedicated artist appreciated (recognize) for her inspiring work. (present tense)
    being recognized
  • Paul hopes (invite) 
to speak at the managers’ meeting. (present tense)
    to be invited
  • Stan appreciates (drive) to work by his neighbor every day. They 
 share the cost of gas. (present tense)
    being driven
  • Jane took advantage of (having told / having been told ) the dates of the conference and made her reservations right away.
    having been told
  • The disruptive group deserved (to have asked / to have been asked) to leave the restaurant.
    to have been asked
  • Mitch is too young to babysit his little sisters. Which sentence means the same? a. Mitch can babysit his little sisters. b. Mitch can’t babysit his little sisters.
    Mitch can’t babysit his little sisters.
  • Jack isn’t fast enough to play basketball well. Which sentence means the same? a. Jack can play basketball well. b. Jack can’t play basketball well.
    Jack can’t play basketball well.
  • Sue would have preferred (to have notified / to have been notified) about the problem sooner.
    to have been notified
  • The police apologized for not catching the robber sooner. Which sentence means the same?
a. The police apologized that they hadn’t caught the robber sooner. b. The robber was sorry for his crime.
    The police apologized that they hadn’t caught the robber sooner.
  • I regretted (having lent / to have lent) my friend money because she didn’t pay it back.
    having lent
  • Sarah is excited about (interview) for the job. (present tense)
    being interviewed
  • He mentioned having been told that the bank didn’t have an alarm. 
Which sentence means the same? a. He said someone had told him that the bank didn’t have an alarm. 
b. He said he had told someone that the bank didn’t have an alarm.
    He said someone had told him that the bank didn’t have an alarm.
  • Kathy is old enough to get her driver’s license. Which sentence means the same? a. Kathy can get her driver’s license. b. Kathy can’t get her driver’s license.
    a. Kathy can get her driver’s license.
  • 2. He later admitted that he had stolen the money. 
Which sentence means the same? a. He later admitted that the money was stolen from him. 
b. He later admitted having stolen the money.
    1. He later admitted having stolen the money.
  • The weather forecast warned people (prepare) for a terrible windstorm.
    to be prepared
  • My grandfather gives a lot of money to the poor. He wants (remember) as a caring and generous man. 
(present tense)
    to be remembered
  • The chocolate that Ari bought was very expensive. Which sentence means the same? a. Ari spent a lot of money, but that’s OK. b. Ari shouldn’t have spent so much money.
    Ari spent a lot of money, but that’s OK.
  • She expects (treat) with courtesy and respect. 
(present tense)
    to be treated