London which is the capital of England is one of the largest cities in the world.
Defining Relative Clause
Non-Defining Relative Clause
We are on holiday. Yesterday we visited a church.
The church, which we visited yesterday, is very old. (NON)
The church which we visited yesterday is very old. (DEF)
Tamara has two cats. Both of them are black.
Tamara's two cats which can play outside are black. (DEF)
Tamara's two cats, which can play outside, are black. (NON)
The office I have just rented is near my home.
Defining Relative Clauses
Non-Defining Relative Clause
My boss whose wife is French travels to Paris often.
Non-Defining Relative Clause
Defining Relative Clause
Pim whose job involves travelling a lot has been in nearly all the countries in the world.
Defining Relative Clause
Non-Defining Relative Clause
This is the officer that arrested the burglar.
Non-Defining Relative Clause
Defining Relative Clause
The village where I grew up is very small.
Non-Defining Relative Clause
Defining Relative Clause
My car is the one that is parked just opposite the bank.
My car is the one, that is parked just opposite, the bank.
My car is the one that is parked just opposite the bank.
My friend Jane moved to Canada. (I only have one friend named Jane)
My friend Jane, who is a scientist, moved to Canada. (NON)
My friend Jane who is a scientist moved to Canada. (DEF)
Kevin has four cats. Two of them are not white.
Kevin's two cats, which are not white, can play outside. (N)
Kevin's two cats which are not white can play outside. (DEF)
We use ______, ______ and ______with people.
which......that
whose
who...that...whom
where
We use ______ to talk about possession.
who...that...whom
whose
when
where
Lady Gaga who is a well-known pop star is 36 years old.
Non-Defining Relative Clause
Defining Relative Clause
Not all of the students passed the test.
The students who passed the test had a party. (DEF)
The students, who passed the test, had a party. (NON)
That's the dog that bit me.
Defining Relative Clause
Non-defining Relative Clause
That is the man who helped me when I fell down yesterday.
That is the man, who helped me, when I fell down yesterday.
That is the man who helped me when I fell down yesterday.
Queen Elizabeth II who died in 2022 was the queen of England for 70 years.
Defining Relative Clause
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Bob's mum has lost her keys.
Bob's mum who is a musician has lost her car keys. (DEF)
Bob's mum, who is a musician, has lost her car keys. (NON)