How do you show SHARED electrons in a Lewis structure?
Solid line between atoms means two shared electrons (covalent bond)
Which two types of elements are present in a covalent bond?
Both nonmetals
Choose all that are mixtures: air, saltwater, milk, brass
All of the above!
CHALLENGE: What is the shorthand configuration for silicon? (noble gas in square brackets)
[Ne] 3s2 3p2
Which types of bonds allow for good conductivity?
Ionic and metallic (charges move freely)
NAME type of bond and DRAW Lewis structure for MgBr2
Ionic Bond (metal + nonmetal)
DRAW a picture of a metallic bond. Describe the electrons
Electrons are delocalized from metal cations
All elements in the same PERIOD have what in common?
Electrons in the same energy level (for s and p orbitals)
All elements in the same GROUP have what in common?
Same number of valence electrons
What separates the metals from the nonmetals on the periodic table?
The metalloids (zigzag line)
How many electrons are being shared in N2? DRAW the structure
6 electrons are shared (triple bond)
Write the electron configuration for copper (Cu)
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9
How many covalent bonds do you expect these elements to make: Si, P, Se
Si = 4, P = 3, Se = 2
How are ionic bonds formed? BE DESCRIPTIVE
Metals become cations, nonmetals become anions, attraction between oppositely charged ions
DRAW the lewis dot structure for Strontium, Phosphorus, Xenon
Sr: 2 lone e- / P: 1 pair and 3 lone e- / Xe: 4 pairs
How many valence electrons do halogens have?
7
How many total electrons are present in an ION of iodine?
54
What term best describes the electrons on the outermost energy level?
Valence electrons
How many electrons reside in the first, second, and third energy level?
2, 8, 18...
DRAW the orbital diagram for sulfur
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
DRAW the orbital diagram for the magnesium ion
Lost two electrons, so should look like neon: 1s2 2s2 2p6
What is WRONG with this electron configuration?
The 4s orbital is filled before the 3d orbital
NAME type of bond and DRAW Lewis structure for CH2F2
Covalent Bond (all nonmetals)
What is the ionic charge of beryllium?
Be2+
What is WRONG with this orbital diagram?
Every orbital must be filled with one electron before pairing
The periodic table is 80% metals, nonmetals, or metalloids?
80% metals!
What is the term for a negative ion?
Anion
Explain: If 18 electrons fit on the third ring, why does K have 4 rings?
10 electrons are in the d orbital, but K has no electrons in d orbitals