People acquire second languages only if they ...
Obtain comprehensible input
Who defined language learnes as "unified, self interpreting cultural agents"?
Dunn & Lantolf (1998)
Who considered moderate "facilitative" anxiety to be optimal for language learning?
Chastain (1975)
How Hall (1995) describes "higher mental processess" (thinking, remembering)?)
Fundamentally social and pragmatic in nature
What is structured similarly and develops similarly in everyone?
The visual system
According to Adair Hauk and Donato (1994), what are ontogenesis and microgenesis?
Social origins of individual development and microgenetic change during social interaction
According to Bourdieu (1991), What is the core intention of linguistics?
Language is an object of contemplation, rather than an instrument of action and power
Who proposed the theory of communicative competence?
Hymes (1972)
How long did it take from Julie to reach to the level of a native speaker?
2.5 years
According to Krashen's construct of i+l, how learners make their language acquisition progressed?
When the input is beyond their current level of language competence
In which case, exposure to the second language comes primarily from the classroom teacher and materials?
Immersion
How did Laura acquired the rudiments of Moroccan Arabic?
By teaching English to Moroccan students
In which hypothesis the performer must be consciously concerned about correctness?
The monitor hypothesis
Who made a research on comprehensibility of vocabulary for 6th grade children, and proved that the simpler the task, the easier it is to understand.
Mrks, Doktorow, Wittrock