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Basic Chemistry

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  • What type of bond is formed when one atom donates an electron to another atom?
    ionic bond
  • What type of very weak bond forms between water molecules?
    hydrogen bond
  • Bicarbonate (HCO3) acts as a(n)_________ (acid/base) in the body
    base
  • The pH scale utilizes numbers of _____ - _____
    0, 14
  • What element is O?
    oxygen
  • As the number of H+ ions increases, the pH_______
    decreases
  • Your patient has a pH of 7.2, CO2 level of 48, and a HCO3 level of 25. What is your analysis of these ABGs?
    respiratory alkalosis
    metabolic acidosis
    respiratory acidosis
    metabolic alkalosis
  • What element is K?
    potassium
  • What reading is "neutral" on the pH scale?
    7.0
  • What element is Na?
    sodium
  • What is a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler form by ordinary chemical means?
    element
  • Blood has a normal pH of ____ - _____
    7.35-7.45
  • What part of an atom carries a positive charge and is located inside the nucleus?
    proton
  • A _________ is an unstable isotope. It is commonly used in the field of nuclear medicine.
    radioisotope
  • ABG stands for__________
    arterial blood gas
  • What is the term for a negatively charged ion?
    anion
  • What element is H?
    hydrogen
  • What is the term for a positively charged ion?
    cation
  • What is the smallest unit of an element that has that element's characteristics?
    atom
  • What type of bond is formed when electrons are shared by atoms?
    covalent bond
  • An element with an atomic number of 6 has _____ protons and _____ electrons
    6 protons and 6 electrons
  • A(n) ______ is a substance that forms ions when it is dissolved in water. Examples in the body are Na+, K+, and Cl-
    electrolyte
  • What is the term for 2 or more different atoms that are bonded together?
    compound
  • True or False: O2 is a molecule and a compound
    False
  • True or False: in each atom the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
    True
  • Which part of an atom is responsible for interacting with other atoms?
    electron
  • What is the chemical term for a different form of the same element (same atomic # but a diff. atomic weight); an example is "heavy hydrogen"
    isotope
  • What part of an atom carries a negative charge and is located outside the nucleus?
    electron
  • In terms of pH, a substance that a pH lower than 7.0 is called a(n):
    acid
  • What part of an atom does not carry any electrical charge?
    neutron
  • What element is Fe?
    iron
  • Which 2 parts of an atom are located within the nucleus?
    proton, neutron
  • What is the chemistry term for anything that occupies space and has weight?
    matter
  • Your patient has a pH of 7.52, CO2 level of 40, and a HCO3 level of 30. What is your analysis of these ABGs?
    respiratory alkalosis
    metabolic alkalosis
    metabolic acidosis
    respiratory acidosis
  • What is the chemical term for an atom that carries an electrical charge?
    ion
  • An alkaline and a base are the same thing. True/False
    True
  • A protein in the body that acts as a catalyst (speeding up chemical reactions) is called a(n):
    enzyme
  • What compound is considered to be the universal solvent?
    water
  • An element has an atomic weight of 23 and an atomic number of 12. How many neutrons does it have?
    11
  • What are the 3 parts of an atom?
    proton, neutron, electron
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