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LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

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  • What are Piaget's 4 stages of Cognitive Development?
    Sensorimotor stage, Pre-operational stage, Concrete operational stage & Formal operational stage
  • What happens if Wernicke's area is damaged?
    It causes disorders associated with understanding language and forming meaningful sentences.
  • What are the two main principles from Skinner's behaviourist approach?
    Imitation and reinforcement
  • What are the four principles of operant conditioning?
    Positive and negative reinforcement, positive and negative punishment
  • Based on that sentence above, what could be the reason why Ahmad can't master British accent?
    The critical period has passed.
  • What is Arcuate Fasciculus?
    The pathway that connects between Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area
  • Which theorist links to Child Directed Speech?
    Bruner
  • Explain CDS.
    Child-directed speech (It is how adults alter their linguistic characteristics when speaking to infants / toddlers.
  • What is Broca's Are responsible for?
    Language production
  • The learning of a second language is (conscious / subconscious / unconscious).
    conscious
  • Who was Genie?
    A feral child who struggled to learn language and proves the critical period for language learning.
  • Can you have more than one L1?
    Yes
  • Give one difference between acquisition and learning
    We learn the language subconsciously for acquisition and we learn consciously for learning.
  • What is Critical Period Hypothesis?
    A limited number of years where children can acquire their L1 flawlessly.
  • Based on that sentence, how is it possible for Alia to be fluent in Malay?
    It is her 1st language.
  • What is Aphasia?
    A disorder that affects how you communicate
  • What's the name for the left frontal lobe?
    Broca's Area
  • "gu-gu-ga-ga" - What is this speech production stage called?
    Babbling
  • What would probably happen if one had an injury to the left side of the brain?
    It would result in language loss
  • What is second language acquisition?
    The ability to speak a language other than one’s native tongue.
  • Explain Skinner's ABC of behaviourism.
    A - Antecedent (stimulus), B - Behaviour (Response), C - Consequence (Reinforcement)
  • Second Language refers to any language learned in addition to the native language. True or false?
    True
  • Hemispheric specialization for language is the same regardless of whether the language is spoken, yes or no?
    Yes
  • What is the definition of Universal Grammar (UG)?
    A set of principles which are common to all languages
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