A means of answering a question or addressing a problem or issue
Solution
— Evidence or reasoning that is false or in error
fallacy
A possible future effect or result
Implication
An original source of information about a topic (e.g., study, artifact, data set, interview, article)
primary source
— A point of view conveyed through an argument
perspective
A boundary or point at which an argument or generalization is no longer valid
Limitation
— A claim or thesis that conveys a perspective developed through a line of reasoning and supported by evidence
argument
— A type of reasoning that presents cases or evidence that lead to a logical conclusion
Inductive
Changing vocal characteristics (e.g., pitch, volume, speed) in order to emphasize ideas, convey emotion or opinion, or achieve other specific purposes
vocal variety
— Important problem for debate or discussion
Issue
The degree to which a source is believable and trustworthy
Credibility
Having to do with numbers, amounts, or quantities
Quantitative
The intent, audience, purpose, bias, situatedness, and/or background (larger environment) of a source or reference
context
A commentary about one or more primary sources that provides additional insight, opinions, and/or interpretation about the primary source data, study, or artifacts
secondary source
A type of reasoning that constructs general propositions that are supported with evidence or cases
Deductive
Filter through which an issue or topic is considered or examined
Lens
Something composed (e.g., articles; research studies; foundational, literary, and philosophical texts; speeches, broadcasts, and personal accounts; artistic works and performances) that conveys a perspective and can be examined
text
A belief regarded as true and often unstated
assumption
— Acknowledgment and acceptance of an opposing or different view
concession
— Acknowledgment and acceptance of an opposing or different view
Commentary
A position or standpoint on a topic or issue
point of view
— Arrangement of claims and evidence that leads to a conclusion
line of reasoning
— A claim or position on an issue or topic put forward and supported by evidence
thesis
Failure to acknowledge, attribute, and/or cite any ideas or evidence taken from another source
plagiarism
Having to do with text, narrative, or descriptions
Qualitative
— Information (e.g., data, quotations, excerpts from texts) used as proof to support a claim or thesis
evidence
The extent to which an argument or claim is logical
validity
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