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Past Modals and Modals of Deduction
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I didn't have time to practise before the music performance. // I ... practise before the music performance. (WAS)
wasn't able to
Oops!
Okay!
Why did I bother buying a big bottle of water? Samuel had already packed one. I didn't need to bother / shouldn't have bothered.
shouldn't have bothered
Oops!
Okay!
When I was young, I was able to / could touch my toes easily.
could
Oops!
Okay!
A: 'Why did you worry when I went bungee jumping?' B: 'You ... injured'. (GOT)
could have got
Oops!
Okay!
A: 'Did you know the smallest whale is only 2cm?' B: 'That couldn't / can't be true!'
can't
Oops!
Okay!
Were you able to / Could you do some grocery shopping before you arrived home today?
Were you able to
Oops!
Okay!
It was wrong of them to use the machine without asking for permission first. // They ... permission before using the machine. (ASK)
should have asked for
Oops!
Okay!
A: 'It's taking Billy a long time to get here...' B: 'I think he might have taken / might be taking the bus.'
BOTH
Oops!
Okay!
I think she was wrong to make a promise she couldn't keep // She ... a promise she couldn't keep. (NOT)
shouldn't have made
Oops!
Okay!
I told you this would happen. You should listen / have listened to me in the first place!
should have listened
Oops!
Okay!
I worked fast and finished my essay on time but now the teacher has given the class 2 more weeks. // I ... so hard. (NEED)
needn't have worked
Oops!
Okay!
I didn't see the cats fighting last night, but I sure could / was able to hear them!
could
Oops!
Okay!
You're tired. You could / must have had a bad night's sleep.
must
Oops!
Okay!
I think her book would / should have sold millions but the publishers thought it wasn't enough.
would
Oops!
Okay!
You gave the tour guide a tip but it was not necessary. // You ... give the tour guide a tip. (NOT)
didn't need to
Oops!
Okay!
You mustn't / needn't look at other students' work. It's against the rules.
mustn't
Oops!
Okay!
Eva shouldn't have / didn't need to put on a party two days before New Year's Eve. Almost no one came.
shouldn't have
Oops!
Okay!
Sarah left work. I think she can be feeling / may be feeling a bit sick.
may be feeling
Oops!
Okay!
You mustn't be standing / mustn't stand on the desk. Otherwise, you'll break it.
mustn't stand
Oops!
Okay!
A: 'But it was an accident!' B: 'Well, you should / would have been more careful.'
should
Oops!
Okay!
A: 'Where is Emma?' B: 'She might be playing / might play outside.'
might be playing
Oops!
Okay!
I needn't have worn / didn't have to wear a hat to the ceremony, but I did because I had just bought a new one.
BOTH
Oops!
Okay!
I overslept, but I could / was able to catch my flight on time!
was able to
Oops!
Okay!
You should buy / have bought a better telescope with the money you'll get on your birthday. This one isn't very good.
buy
Oops!
Okay!
I bought a ticket but it wasn't necessary - I made a mistake. // I ... a ticket. (NOT)
needn't have bought / didn't need to buy/ shouldn't have bought
Oops!
Okay!
It was a mistake for you to buy a dog. You ... a dog. (NOT)
shouldn't have bought
Oops!
Okay!
We didn't dress up smartly because it wasn't necessary. It was a casual party. // We ... dress up smartly because it was a casual party. (NOT)
didn't need to
Oops!
Okay!
I can't find Lucy anywhere. Do you think she could / must have gone home?
could have
Oops!
Okay!
You must have made / must make more of an effort in class.
must make
Oops!
Okay!
My boss missed the meeting today. She can't have / mustn't have been told.
mustn't have
Oops!
Okay!
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